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Matthew Arnold, Civilization in the United States: First and Last Impressions of America., IV: civilization in the United States. (search)
rebuke from sane criticism over there. I will mention, in regard to this, a thing which struck me a good deal. A Scotchman who has made a great fortune at Pittsburg, a kind friend of mine, one of the most hospitable and generous of men, Mr. Andrew Carnegie, published a year or two ago a book called Triumphant Democracy, a most splendid picture of American progress. The book is full of valuable information, but religious people thought that it insisted too much on mere material progress, andetted this, and how apt the Americans are to shut their eyes to their own dangers, put into my hands a volume written by a leading minister among the Congregationalists, a very prominent man, which he said supplied a good antidote to my friend Mr. Carnegie's book. The volume is entitled Our country. I read it through. The author finds in evangelical Protestanism, as the orthodox Protestant sects present it, the grand remedy for the deficiencies and dangers of America. On this I offer no crit
The Photographic History of The Civil War: in ten volumes, Thousands of Scenes Photographed 1861-65, with Text by many Special Authorities, Volume 8: Soldier Life and Secret Service. (ed. Francis Trevelyan Miller), The Signal Corps (search)
operators. All of the group are mere boys, yet they coolly kept open their telegraph lines, sending important orders, while under fire and amid the utmost confusion. of the American Telegraph Company, who imposed much-needed restrictions as to cipher messages, information, and so forth on all operators. The scope of the work was much increased by an act of Congress, in 1862, authorizing the seizure of any or all lines, in connection with which Sanford was appointed censor. Through Andrew Carnegie was obtained the force which opened the War Department Telegraph Office; which speedily attained national importance by its remarkable work, and with which the memory of Abraham Lincoln must be inseparably associated. It was fortunate for the success of the telegraphic policy of the Government that it was entrusted to men of such administrative ability as Colonel Anson Stager, E. S. Sanford, and Major Thomas T. Eckert. The selection of operators for the War Office was surprisingly for
The Photographic History of The Civil War: in ten volumes, Thousands of Scenes Photographed 1861-65, with Text by many Special Authorities, Volume 10: The Armies and the Leaders. (ed. Francis Trevelyan Miller), Introduction: soldiers and citizens (search)
for international copyright. Harrison Gray Otis served as an editor in California more than 30 years, and fought again in the Spanish War. Henry Watterson, as editor of the Louisville Courier-Journal, did much to reconcile North and South. Andrew Carnegie's millions, made from iron and steel, went largely to philanthropy and the advancement of peace. Nathan B. Forrest, the daring Confederate cavalryman, later developed two vast plantations. Thomas T. Eckert became President of the Western Us. Brevet Major George Haven Putnam, 176th New York, prisoner at Libby and Danville in the winter of 1864-65. Chief of Scouts Henry Watterson, C. S. A., aide-de-camp to General Forrest, chief of Scouts under General Jcs. E. Johnston. Andrew Carnegie superintended Military railways and Government Telegraph lines in 1861. Lieut.-General Nathan B. Forrest, C. S. A., entered as private; Lieut.-Col., 1861, Maj.-Gen., 1864. Brevet Brig.-General Thomas T. Eckert, superintendent of Military
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Carnegie, Andrew 1837- (search)
Carnegie, Andrew 1837- Philanthropist; born in Dunfermline, Scotland, Nov. 25, 1837; was brought to the United States by his parents, who settled in Pittsburg in 1848. In the early part of his business career he was associated with Mr. Woodruff, the inventor of the sleeping-car, in introducing it on railroads. Afterwards he became superintendent of the Pittsburg division of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company; invested largely in oil-wells which yielded him a considerable fortune; and then engaged in the manufacture of steel, iron, and coke. He is widely known as a founder and contributor to public libraries, and a promoter of other educational institutions. Among his most notable gifts are the Carnegie Library and Institute, with art gallery, museum, and music hall, in Pittsburg, erected at a cost of over $1,000,000, and endowed with several millions and implied promise for still more; the public library in Washingto, D. C., $350,000; and Cooper Union, New York, $300,000. In 18
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Engineering. (search)
poses until past the middle of the nineteenth century. This has been all changed by the invention of his steel by Bessemer in 1864, and open-hearth steel in the furnace of Siemens, perfected some twenty years since by Gilchrist & Thomas. The United States have taken the lead in steel manufacture. In 1873 Great Britain made three times as much steel as the United States. Now the United States makes twice as much as Great Britain, or 40 per cent. of all the steel made in the world. Mr. Carnegie has explained the reason why, in epigrammatic phrase: Three lbs. of steel billets can be sold for 2 cents. This stimulates rail and water traffic and other industries, as he tells us 1 lb. of steel requires 2 lbs. of ore, 1 1/3 lbs. of coal, and 1/3 lb. of limestone. It is not surprising, therefore, that the States bordering on the lakes have created a traffic of 25,000,000 tons yearly through the Sault Ste. Marie Canal, while the Suez, which supplies the wants of half the populat
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Iron and steel. (search)
nd steel industries, the gigantic United States Steel Corporation, organized in February, 1901, by a pooling of the interests of more than a dozen great operating companies, known on the street as the billion-dollar steel combine, would probably be sufficient to satisfy any doubt. Each of the corporations in the new concern was widely known for the large capital it commanded and the vast amount of work it had already accomplished, and the possibilities open to consummation by a combination of these great concerns became a matter entirely beyond the range of human calculation. The leading figures Rolling sheet-iron. in this consolidation of extraordinary interests were Andrew Carnegie, the Pittsburg iron and steel king, and J. Pierpont Morgan, the New York banker, who financiered the combination. The combination began operations with a total capital of $1,154,000,000, divided into $850,000,000 in capital stock, and $304,000,000 in bonds, and with a cash account of $200,000,000.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Knox, Philander Chase 1853- (search)
Knox, Philander Chase 1853- Lawyer; born in Brownsville, Pa., May 4, 1853; graduated at Mount Union College, Alliance, O., in 1872; settled in Pittsburg, Pa., to study law, and was there admitted to the bar in 1875. Soon afterwards he was appointed assistant attorney of the United States for the western district of Pennsylvania; in 1877 he formed a partnership with Judge J. H. Reed; and for several years was Andrew Carnegie's chief legal adviser. He became acquainted with President McKinley during his college days, and they afterwards remained close personal friends. On April 5, 1901, the President appointed Mr. Knox Attorney-General of the United States to succeed John W. Griggs, resigned. Mr. Knox is a member of a number of clubs in Pittsburg, New York, and Philadelphia; and in 1897 was elected president of the Pennsylvania Bar Association.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Music and musicians in the United States. (search)
k, opened with the opera FaustOct. 22, 1883 Dr. Leopold Damrosch engaged for a season of German opera which began.Nov. 17, 1884 Dr. Damrosch diedFeb. 15, 1885 American College of Musicians incorporated1886 Adelina Patti sings at the dedication of the Auditorium, and the Opera-house, ChicagoDec. 9, 1889 The first Wagner Cycle, occupying three weeks, and including all the operas excepting Parsifal, in season of1889-90 Corner-stone of Carnegie Music Hall in New York City is laid by Mrs. CarnegieMay 13, 1890 Carnegie Music Hall opened...April 27, 1891 The Worcester Musical Festival opens with a performance of Bruck's ArminiusSept. 22, 1891 Saengerfest closes with final concert in Madison Square GardenJune 25, 1894 Principal musical societies in the United States. Organized. Baltimore, Md.Oratorio Society1880 Boston, Mass.Handel and Haydn Society1816 Apollo Club1871 Boylston Club1872 The Cecilia1876 Boston Symphony Orchestra.1880 Brooklyn, N. Y.Brooklyn Philharmonic S
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), New York public Library, the (search)
t, through which books were distributed in schools, clubs, etc. It owned five buildings, 170,000 books, and had endowment funds of about $225,000. It had circulated in the year ending Oct. 31, 1900, 1,634,523 volumes. Like other smaller institutions of the same kind it was supported largely by an annual municipal grant. On Feb. 25, 1901, by the consolidation of this institution with the Public Library, the latter became possessed of a department of circulation. On March 12, 1901, Mr. Andrew Carnegie offered to the city of New York, through the director of the Public Library, to build and equip sixty-five branch libraries, at a cost estimated at $80,000 each, or a total of $5,200,000, provided the city would furnish sites and agree to maintain the libraries when built. This offer was accepted. By the provisions of a contract entered into between the city and the library to carry out the terms of this gift so far as the boroughs of Manhattan, the Bronx, and Richmond are concern
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Riots in the United States. (search)
rtant riots: Boston massacre 1770 Doctor's mob, New York 1788 At Baltimore, Md. 1812, 1861 Alton, Ill. 1837 Philadelphia 1844 Astor Place riots in New York, growing out of rivalry between the actors Forrest and Macready May 10, 1849 Draft riot in New York; mob in possession of the city July 13 to 17, 1863 Orange riot in New York between Catholic and Protestant Irish; sixty persons killed July 12, 1871 Cincinnati. After a verdict of manslaughter in the Berner and Palmer murder trial, both having confessed the murder. Twenty untried murderers in the county jail. Six days riot beganMarch 28, 1884 Anarchists in Chicago, Ill. May 4, 1886 Eleven Italians, implicated in the murder of David C. Hennessy, chief of police, are killed in the parish prison, New Orleans March 14, 1891 Carnegie iron and steel workers at Homestead, Pa. Strike lasted nearly six months; began Feb. 25, 1893 Federal troops ordered to Chicago during the railway strikes beginningJune 26, 1894 See strikes.
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