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nelson, in anticipation of an attack, and this promptness which Grant urged, was a matter of vital importance. If he delayed in order to strengthen Fort Henry on the land side, and to arrange the redan, Fort Donelson might never be taken. On the 11th, Foote, with his fleet, started by the Ohio and Cumberland rivers. Six regiments of troops (all the reenforcements which had yet arrived) were sent by the same route without being debarked. They were to follow the gunboats up the Cumberland, to effect a landing below Fort Donelson, and as near the fort as practicable, to establish a base for supplies in the new campaign, and to be in readiness to cooperate with the force that should go across by land. On the 11th, troops under McClernand moved out three or four miles on the two roads leading to Fort Donelson, and early on the morning of the 12th, the main column, fifteen thousand strong, marched from Fort Henry, leaving a garrison of twenty-five hundred men; eight light batteries ac
d were immediately assigned to brigades. There were no orders received from you till the 28th of February, to make out returns; and I made every effort to get them in as early as possible. I renew my application to be relieved from duty. On the 11th, Grant wrote again to Halleck: There is such a disposition to find fault with me, that I again ask to be relieved from further duty, until I can be placed right in the estimation of those higher in authority. Other censures were administered for o Smith, congratulated him on his richly deserved promotion: No one he said, can feel more pleasure than myself. On the 9th of March, he wrote: Any thing you may require, send back transports for, and if within my power you shall have it. On the 11th, referring to reenforcements that were daily expected: General Halleck telegraphs me. . . when they arrive, I may take the general direction. I think it exceedingly doubtful whether I shall accept; certainly not until the object of the expedition
oyed in the capture of Arkansas Post, a strong work on the Arkansas, fifty miles from its mouth. The object was to occupy the troops, and raise their spirits, depressed by the recent failure, and also to secure the line of communication by the Mississippi against attacks from the Arkansas side. McClernand immediately acquiesced in Sherman's proposition, and moved his force up the Arkansas, the fleet under Porter accompanying. A naval bombardment, lasting several days, occurred; and on the 11th, the troops assaulted the works, when the post surrendered, after a fight of three hours, in which the squadron bore a conspicuous part. Five thousand prisoners and seventeen pieces of cannon fell into the hands of the victors; McClernand lost about a thousand men, in killed, wounded, and missing. The guns of the fort were silenced by the fleet, and Admiral Porter received the sword of its commander, but the troops were surrendered to the army. This operation was planned and executed wit
All approach being thus rendered impracticable for infantry, the idea of a land attack was excluded, and the expedition was compelled to rely entirely upon the naval force for success. Two attacks were accordingly made by the ironclads, on the 11th, and one on the 13th of March, at a range of eight or nine hundred yards, and aided by a battery erected on the shore. In these fights one vessel was disabled, six men were killed, and twenty-five wounded. The enemy lost one man killed and twee enemy's left. When Sherman returned, unsuccessful, from Steele's bayou, Grant consoled himself by saying that the expedition has at least pushed our troops into the heart of the granary from which the Vicksburg forces are now being fed. On the 11th, he announced: My force in a few days will be all concentrated; I expect to take Grand Gulf. On the 17th: I go to New Carthage to-night; if it is possible, I will occupy Grand Gulf in four days. On the 18th: I hope very soon to be able to report
und to make our rations last as long as possible. Upon one occasion you made two days rations last seven. We may have to do the same thing again. . . . . Sherman is now moving out on the Auburn and Raymond road, and will reach Fourteen-mile creek to-night. When you arrive at Raymond, he will be in close supporting distance. I shall move McClernand to Fourteen-mile creek, early to-morrow, so that he will occupy a place on Sherman's left. The following instructions were also sent on the 11th, to Sherman: It will be necessary to guard Hall's ferry with a regiment of infantry and a company of cavalry, until our positions are fully taken, after which cavalry alone can watch the rear. McClernand is directed to guard Baldwin's ferry. I will direct Tuttle to send a regiment for this duty, so that you need not make any further detail until you want his relieved by some other troops. And at fifteen minutes past eight P. M.: McClernand is ordered to move up by the Telegraph road, also
corps, under Major-General Parke, were diverted from their march to East Tennessee, and arrived before Vicksburg, on the 14th of the same month. Herron was put on the left of the line of circumvallation, and Parke was sent to Haine's bluff. By this time, Grant's force amounted to seventy-five thousand men, about half of whom remained in the trenches till the end of the siege. The others formed an army of observation, and closely watched all the movements of the relieving force. On the 11th, Grant informed Sherman that reenforcements were expected, and told him, if Haine's bluff should be besieged, You will be detached temporarily from the command of your corps here, to take command of Haine's bluff. On the same day, Grant said: It is evident the enemy have brought large reenforcements from Bragg's army, and I cannot think it is with any other design than to raise the siege of Vicksburg. He had now ten thousand or twelve thousand men at Haine's bluff, but ordered both McPherso
t's effective force was a little more than fifteen thousand men, besides Wheeler's cavalry, perhaps five thousand strong; Longstreet reported his effective strength as about fifteen thousand. On the 31st of August, Wheeler's cavalry numbered ten thousand six hundred and twenty-two effective men. Wheeler stated in his report that he took with him on this campaign, portions of five brigades. eighty guns were also ordered to accompany him. The rebel leaders were confident of success. On the 11th, Longstreet said to Bragg, from Sweetwater: There are many reasons for anticipating great results from the expedition against General Burnside's army. His force should not be allowed to escape without an effort to destroy it. With the balance of my corps, or any good marching division, I think we may make a great campaign. Bragg, however, refused to give Longstreet more than the two divisions of flood and McLaws, although the corps commander begged hard for an increase, and said: I think y
Your obedient servant, A. E. Burnside, Major-General commanding. Accordingly, having seen Burnside move out of Knoxville, in pursuit of Longstreet, and Granger move in, Sherman put his own command in motion to return. His approach had served to raise the siege. On the morning of the 7th, the commands of Potter and Manson started out in pursuit of Longstreet, under Major-General Parke, Burnside's chief of staff; and, on the 10th, Foster arrived at Knoxville, from Cumberland gap. On the 11th, he assumed command of the Department of the Ohio. Burnside left Knoxville, on the 12th, for Cincinnati. On the 8th, the President sent the following dispatch to Grant: Understanding that your lodgment at Chattanooga and at Knoxville is now secure, I wish to tender you and all under your command my more than thanks, my profoundest gratitude for the skill, courage, and perseverance, with which you and they, over so great difficulties, have effected that important object. God bless you all