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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Bull Run, battles of. (search)
e against the Confederates. With 20,000 troops he marched from Arlington Heights (July 16), for the purpose of flanking the Confederate right wing. A part of his troops under General Tyler had a severe battle with them at Blackburn's Ford (July 18), and were repulsed (see Blackburn's Ford, battle of). McDowell found he could not flank the Confederates, so he proceeded to make a direct attack upon them, not doubting Patterson would be able to keep Johnston in the valley. On the morning of July 21, McDowell's forces were set in motion in three columns, one under General Tyler on the Warrenton road, to make a feigned attack, and the other two, commanded respectively by Generals Hunter and Heintzelman, taking a wide circuit more to the left, to cross Bull Run at different points and make a real attack on Beauregard's left wing, which was to be menaced by Tyler. The Confederate right was to be threatened by troops under Colonels Richardson and Davies, moving from Centreville. These mo
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Confederation, articles of (search)
777, after a spirited debate, daily, for a fortnight, a plan of government, known as Articles of Confederation, was adopted. Congress again assembled, in Philadelphia, on July 2, 1778, and on the 9th the Articles of Confederation, engrossed on parchment, were signed by the delegates of eight States. A circular was sent to the other States, urging them to conclude the glorious compact which was to unite the strength and councils of the whole. North Carolina acceded to the Confederation on July 21, Georgia on the 24th, and New Jersey on Nov. 26 following. On May 5, 1779, the delegates from Delaware agreed to the compact; but Maryland refused to assent unless the public lands northwest of the Ohio should first be recognized as the common property of all the States, and held as a common resource for the discharge of the debts contracted by Congress for the expense of the war. Maryland alone stood in the way of the consummation of the union at that time. This point was finally settled
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Congress, National (search)
waged, on our part, in any spirit of oppression, nor for any purpose of conquest or subjugation, nor for the purpose of overthrowing or interfering with the rights or established institutions of those States, but to defend and maintain the supremacy of the Constitution, and to preserve the Union, with all the dignity, equality, and rights of the several States, unimpaired; and that as soon as these objects are accomplished the war ought to cease. It was laid over until Monday. On Sunday (July 21) the battle of Bull Run was fought. Notwithstanding the capital was filled with fugitives from the shattered army, and it was believed by many that the seat of government was at the mercy of its enemies, Congress, with sublime faith, debated as calmly as before. By an almost unanimous vote, Mr. Crittenden's resolution was adopted, and a few days afterwards one identical with it passed the Senate by a vote almost as decisive. It was such a solemn refutation of the false charges of the Con
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Holidays, legal. (search)
Saturday afternoon. Rhode Island. Jan. 1, Feb. 22, Arbor Day, May 30, July 4, first Monday in September, Thanksgiving, Dec. 25, State election, general election. South Carolina. Jan. 1 and 19, Feb. 22, May 10, July 4, first Monday in September, national Thanksgiving, Dec. 25, general election. Tennessee. Jan. 1, Good-Friday, second Friday in May, May 30, July 4, first Monday in September, Thanksgiving, Dec. 25, general election. Texas. Jan. 1, Feb. 22, March 2, April 21, July 4, first Monday in September, Dec. 25, days of fasting and thanksgiving, election day. Utah. Jan. 1, Feb. 22, April 15, May 30, July 4 and 24, first Monday in September, Thanksgiving and Fast days, Dec. 25. Vermont. Jan. 1, Feb. 22, May 30, July 4, Aug. 16, Thanksgiving, Dec. 25. Virginia. Jan. 1 and 19, Feb. 22, Fast Day, June 3, July 4, first Monday in September, Thanksgiving, Dec. 25. Washington. Jan. 1, Feb. 12 and 22, Decoration Day, July 4, first Monday in Se
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Mormons, (search)
s, through deep canons, over the lofty Utah Mountains, they toiled on until, on the evening of July 20, they saw, from the summits of the Wasatch Mountains, the placid Salt Lake glittering in the beams of the setting sun. It was like the vision of the Hebrew law-giver on Mount Pisgah. It was a scene of wondrous interest. Stretched out before them was the Land of Promise where they hoped never to be molested by Gentiles, or the arm of Gentile government. The pilgrims entered the valley on July 21, and on the 24th the president and high council arrived. They chose the site for a city on a gentle slope, on the banks of a stream which they called Jordan, connecting the more southern Utah Lake with the Great Salt Lake. They built a fort, planted seed, and with solemn ceremonies the land was consecrated to the Lord. In the spring of 1848 fields were seeded, crops were raised, and the blessings of plenty ensued. The inhabitants of Kane pressed forward to the new Canaan; other Saints
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Spain, War with (search)
anamo Harbor, some 50 miles east of Santiago, a well-sheltered harbor, which the navy had captured and utilized very much to their advantage. After four days of most active preparation at Guantanamo, the expedition sailed on the afternoon of July 21, under the escort of a convoy commanded by Captain (now Admiral) Higginson, of the battle-ship Massachusetts. Before sailing from Guantanamo I had expected to receive from the harbor of Santiago tugs, lighters, and appliances for disembarkies arrived at American headquarters in Cuba. July 13. Admiral Cervera and captured Spanish prisoners arrived at Portsmouth, N. H. July 17. Santiago surrendered. July 20. Gen. Leonard Wood was appointed military governor of Santiago. July 21. Last naval engagement on the coast of Cuba. Four United States warships entered the harbor of Nipe, and after a furious bombardment took possession of that port. July 25. United States army under General Miles landed at Guanica, Porto Rico
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), United States of America. (search)
, 1877 Ten Molly Maguires hanged, six at Pottsville, and four at Mauch Chunk, Pa.......June 21, 1877 Civil service order issued by President Hayes: No officer should be required or permitted to take part in the management of political organizations or election campaigns ......June 22, 1877 Strike on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad begins at Martinsburg, W. Va.......July 16, 1877 Proclamations of President against domestic violence in West Virginia (dated July 18), in Maryland (July 21), and Pennsylvania......July 23, 1877 Armed band of Mexican outlaws forcibly release two notorious criminals, Esproneda and Garza, from jail in Rio Grande City, Tex., escaping to Mexico......Aug. 12, 1877 Brigham Young, born 1801, dies at Salt Lake City......Aug. 29, 1877 War with the Nez Perces Indians breaks out in Idaho, June 15; closed by surrender of Indians to Colonel Miles......Sept. 30, 1877 Forty-fifth Congress, first session (extra), opens......Oct. 15, 1877 Preside
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), California (search)
test destroys a large part of the city (twenty-two blocks)......May 4, 1851 Act of legislature establishing public schools......1851 Democratic and Whig parties organized in California......May, 1851 Prevalence and immunity of crime, and corruption of officials, prompts the formation of a vigilance committee of leading citizens in San Francisco. Five criminals hanged by them, and nearly twenty banished from the State. Governor McDougall issues a proclamation against the committee, July 21. A convicted murderer, reprieved by the governor, is hanged by the people at Sacramento......Aug. 21, 1851 University of the Pacific at St. Jose chartered and opened......1852 California Academy of Sciences founded at San Francisco......1853 State lunatic asylum established at Stockton......1853 Filibusters under Colonel Walker sail from San Francisco for Lower California......Oct. 17, 1853 United States branch mint opened at San Francisco......April, 1854 Panama Railroad
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), South Carolina, (search)
utenant-governor, proceeds to canvass the votes and declares Wade Hampton and William D. Simpson, Democrats, elected; oath of office is administered by Trial-Judge Mackay......Dec. 12, 1876 Both governors, being invited to Washington, hold a private conference with President Hayes, which results in a proclamation by Governor Chamberlain withdrawing his claim......April 11, 1877 F. L. Cardoza, State treasurer under Governor Chamberlain, is arrested for fraud upon the State government, July 21, and sentenced to two years in the county jail and $4,000 fine......Nov. 8, 1877 Legislature by joint resolution provides that all the unfunded debts and liabilities of the State, including the bills of the bank of the State, and so much of the funded debt as is known as the Little Bonanza, be settled at the rate of 50 per cent. ......March, 1878 Wade Hampton, elected United States Senator, resigns as governor, and is succeeded by W. D. Simpson, who is installed......Feb. 26, 1879