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George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 2, 17th edition., Chapter 14: (search)
cherished as the dearest civil privilege? How dear that franchise was held by the people of Virginia, is distinctly told in their records. No direct taxes were levied in those days except on polls; lands escaped taxation. The method, less arbitrary in Vir- Chap XIV.} ginia, where property consisted chiefly in a claim to the labor of servants and slaves, than in a commercial country, or where labor is free, was yet oppressive to the less wealthy classes. The burgesses, themselves 1663 Sept. 27. great landholders, resisted the reform which Berkeley 27. had urged, Hening, ii. 204. A levy upon lands and not upon heads. and connected the burden of the tax with the privileges of citizenship. If land should be taxed, none but landholders should elect the legislature; and then, it was added, the other freemen, who are the more in number, may repine to be bound to those laws, they have no representations to assent to the making of. And we are so well acquainted with the temper of th