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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith) 15 15 Browse Search
Strabo, Geography 3 3 Browse Search
Polybius, Histories 3 3 Browse Search
Samuel Ball Platner, Thomas Ashby, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome 3 3 Browse Search
Diodorus Siculus, Library 1 1 Browse Search
Appian, The Foreign Wars (ed. Horace White) 1 1 Browse Search
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 1 1 Browse Search
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Browsing named entities in A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith). You can also browse the collection for 250 BC or search for 250 BC in all documents.

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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Alexon (search)
Alexon （*)Ale/cwn), an Achaean who served in the Carthaginian garrison at Lilybaeum while it was besieged by the Romans in B. C. 250. During this siege some of the Gallic mercenaries engaged in the service of the Carthaginians formed the plan of betraying the fortress into the hands of the Romans. But Alexon, who had on a former occasion saved the town of Agrigentum from a similar attempt of treacherous mercenaries, now acted in the same faithful spirit, and gave information of the plot to the Carthaginian commander Himilco. He also assisted him in inducing the mercenaries to remain faithful and resist the temptations offered by their comrades. (Plb. 1.43, 2.7.) [L.
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), or Antio'chus Theos (search)
after his accession he became involved in war with Ptolemy Philadelphus, king of Egypt, which lasted for many years and greatly weakened the Syrian kingdom. Taking advantage of this weakness, Arsaces was able to establish the Parthian empire in B. C. 250; and his example was shortly afterwards followed by Theodotus, the governor of Bactria, who revolted from Antiochus and made Bactria an independent kingdom. The loss of these provinces induced Antiochus to sue for peace, which was granted (B. CB. C. 250) on condition of his putting away his former wife Laodice and marrying Berenice, a daughter of Ptolemy. This connexion between Syria and Egypt is referred to in the book of Daniel (11.6), where by the king of the south we are to understand Egypt, and by the king of the north, Syria, On the death of Ptolemy two years afterwards Antiochus recalled Laodice, but she could not forgive the insult that had been shewn her, and, still mistrusting Antiochus, caused him to be murdered as well as Ber
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
rothers. Arsaces then became king, reigned two years, and was succeeded by his brother Tiridates, who reigned 37 years. The time, at which the revolt of Arsaces took place, is also uncertain. Appian (App. Syr. 65) places it at the death of Antiochus II., and others in the reign of his successor, Seleucus Callinicus. According to the statement of Arrian quoted above, the revolt commenced in the reign of Antiochus II., which is in accordance with the date given by Eusebius, who fixes it at B. C. 250, and which is also supported by other authorities. (Clinton, F. H. vol. iii. sub anno 250.) Justin (41.4, 5), who is followed in the main by Ammianus Marcellinus (23.6), ascribes to Arsaces I. many events, which probably belong to his successor. According to his account Arsaces first conquered Hyrcania, and then prepared to make war upon the Bactrian and Syrian kings. He concluded, however, a peace with Theodotus, king of Bactria, and defeated Seleucus Callinicus, the successor of Antiochu
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Bion or Bion Borysthenites (search)
Bion or Bion Borysthenites （*Bi/wn), a Scythian philosopher, surnamed BORYSTHENITES, from the town of Oczacovia, Olbia, or Borysthenes, near the mouth of the Dnieper, lived about B. C. 250, but the exact dates of his birth and death are uncertain. Strabo (i. p.15) mentions him as a contemporary of Eratosthenes, who was born B. C. 275. Laertius (4.46, &c.) has preserved an account which Bion himself gave of his parentage to Antigonus Gonatas, king of Macedonia. His father was a freedman, and his mother, Olympia, a Lacedaemonian harlot, and the whole family were sold as slaves, on account of some offence committed by the father. In consequence of this, Bion fell into the hands of a rhetorician, who made him his heir. Having burnt his patron's library, he went to Athens, and applied himself to philosophy, in the course of which study lie embraced the tenets of almost every sect in succession. First he was an Academic and a disciple of Crates, then a Cynic, afterwards attached to Theodor
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Ctesi'bius (search)
Ctesi'bius （*Kthsi/bios), celebrated for his mechanical inventions, was born at Alexandria, and lived probably about B. C. 250, in the reigns of Ptolemy Philadelphus and Euergetes, though Athenaeus (iv. p. 174) says, that he flourished in the time of the second Euergetes. His father was a barber, but his own taste led him to devote himself to mechanics. He is said to have invented a clepsydra or water-clock, a hydraulic organ (u(/draulis) and other machines, and to have been the first to discover the elastic force of air and apply it as a moving power. Vitruvius (lib. vii. praef.) mentions him as an author, but none of his works remain. He was the teacher, and has been supposed to have been the father, of Hero Alexandrinus, whose treatise called *Belopoii+ka/ has also sometimes been attributed to him. (Vitr. 9.9, 10.12; Plin. Nat. 7.37; Athen. 4.174, xi. p. 497; Philo Byzant. (apud Vet. Math. pp. 56, 67, 72; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. ii. p. 591.) [W.F.
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Ha'nnibal (search)
Ha'nnibal 7. Son of Hamilcar (perhaps the Hamilcar who was opposed to Regulus [HAMILCAR, No. 7]), was chosen by the Carthaginians, as a distinguished naval officer and a friend of their admiral, Adherbal, to command the squadron destined for the relief of Lilybaeum in the 15th year of the first Punic War, B. C. 250. That city was at the time blockaded by the Romans both by sea and land ; but Hannibal, sailing from Carthage with fifty ships to the small islands of the Aegusae, lay there awaiting a favourable wind; and no sooner did this arise, than he put out to sea. and spreading all sail, stood straight into the harbour of Lily baeum. before the Romans could collect their ships to oppose him. He thus landed a force of 10,000 men besides large supplies of provisions; after which, again eluding the Romans, he repaired with his fleet to join that of Adherbal at Drepanum. His name is not mentioned as taking part in the great victory of that commander over P. Claudius in the following y
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Hasdrubal (search)
l was immediately despatched to Sicily, with a large army, and not less than 140 elephants. (Id. 38.) The terror with which these animals at this time inspired the Romans rendered them unwilling to encounter Hasdrubal in the field, and thus gave him the command of the open country, notwithstanding which he appears to have wasted his time in unaccountable inactivity; and during a period of two years to have effected nothing beyond a few unimportant skirmishes. At length, in the beginning of B. C. 250, he was aroused to exertion, and advanced to attack the Roman consul, L. Caccilius Metellus, under the walls of Panormus. But Metellus, by his skilful dispositions, not only repulsed his attack, but totally defeated his army; and, what was of the greatest consequence, killed or took captive all his elephants. This defeat had more than almost any other a decisive influence on the fate of the war, as from this time the Roman superiority by land was almost undisputed. Hasdrubal escaped from t
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Himilco (search)
Himilco 5. Commander of the Carthaginian forces at Lilybaeum during the first Punic war. At what time he was sent to Sicily does not appear, but we find him in command of Lilybaeum when the Romans, after the great victory of Metellus over Hasdrubal (B. C. 250), determined to form the siege of that important fortress. Himilco appears to have done all that an energetic and able officer could do: the forces under his command amounted to only 10,000 regular troops, while the Romans are said to have brought not less than 110,000 men to the siege; but this must, of course, include all who took part in the works, not merely the fighting men. Both consuls (C. Atilius and L. Manlius) were with the Roman army, and they carried on their operations with the utmost vigour, endeavouring to block up the port by a great mole, at the same time that they attacked the walls on the land side with battering rams and other engines. Himilco, on his side, though he had to contend with disaffection among th
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Ister (search)
he work cited blow, by the supposition that Ister was born at Cyrene, that thence he proceeded with Callimachus to Alexandria, and afterwards lived for some time at Paphus, which was subject to the kings of Egypt. (Comp. Plut. Quaest. Graec. 43, who calls him an Alexandrian.) Ister is said to have been at first a slave of Callimachus, and afterwards his friend, and this circumstance determines the age of Istrus, who accordingly lived in the reign of Ptolemy Euergetes, i. e. between about B. C. 250 and 220. Polemon, who was either his contemporary or lived very shortly after him, wrote against Ister. Works Ister was the author of a considerable number of works, all of which are lost, with the exception of some fragments. The most important among them was,-- 1. an Atthis (*)Atqi/s） Of which the sixteenth book is mentioned by Harpocration (s. v. trapezofo/ros; comp. s. v. e)penegkei=n.) This work is often referred to under different titles, such as *)Attika/ (Athen. 3.74, xiii. p
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
e of the richest and most flourishing in Asia. (Memnon, 100.20; Strab. xii. p.563; Steph. Byz. v. *Nikomh/deia, who erroneously calls Nicomedes son of Zeilas Euseb. Chron. Ol. 129. 1; Paus. 5.12.7; Tzetz. Chil. 3.950.) The foundation of Nicomedeia is placed by Eusebius (l.c.) in B. C. 264. The duration of the reign of Nicomedes himself after this event is unknown, but his death is assigned with much probability by the Abbé Sevin (Mém. de l'Acad. des inscr. tom. xv. p. 34) to about the year B. C. 250. He had been twice married; by his first wife, Ditizela, a Phrygian by birth (who had been accidentally killed by a favourite dog belonging to the king), he had two sons, Prusias and ZIELAS, and a daughter, Lysandra; but his second wife, Etazeta, persuaded him to set aside his children by this former marriage, and leave his crown to her offspring. The latter were still infants at the time of his death, on which account he confided their guardianship by his will to the two kings, Antigonus
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