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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith) 29 29 Browse Search
Polybius, Histories 7 7 Browse Search
Pausanias, Description of Greece 7 7 Browse Search
Strabo, Geography (ed. H.C. Hamilton, Esq., W. Falconer, M.A.) 4 4 Browse Search
Samuel Ball Platner, Thomas Ashby, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome 4 4 Browse Search
Strabo, Geography 4 4 Browse Search
Demosthenes, Letters (ed. Norman W. DeWitt, Norman J. DeWitt) 3 3 Browse Search
Pliny the Elder, The Natural History (ed. John Bostock, M.D., F.R.S., H.T. Riley, Esq., B.A.) 3 3 Browse Search
Diodorus Siculus, Library 2 2 Browse Search
Demosthenes, Speeches 51-61 2 2 Browse Search
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Demades, On the Twelve Years, section 9 (search)
I have, to bear me out, the burial of a thousand AtheniansIt is said that after Chaeronea in 338 B.C. Philip was insulting his prisoners, until Demades, by his frank speech, won him over to a better attitude towards Athens. Cf. Dio. Sic. 16.87. performed by the hands of our adversaries, hands which I won over from enmity to friendship towards the dead. Then, on coming to the fore in public life, I proposed the peace. I admit it. I proposed honors to Philip. I do not deny it. By making these proposals I gained for you two thousand captives free of ransom, a thousand Athenian dead, for whom no herald had to ask, and Oropus without an embassy.
Demosthenes, Funeral Speech, section 18 (search)
es without sacrificing safety, nevertheless, when they did hearken and evinced willingness to do their duty,The attitude of the Greek states toward the aggressions of Philip of Macedon may be compared to that of the small democratic states of Europe toward Germany before the war of 1939-1945. By his Olynthiacs （Dem. 1-3） and Phillippics（Dem. 4, Dem. 6, Dem. 9, Dem. 10） Demosthenes tried to arouse and unite them but with little success, until the year 338 B.C., when he achieved his great diplomatic triumph in uniting Thebes with Athens, ancient rivals. these men did not bear a grudge but stepping forward and eagerly offering their all, bodies, money, and allies, they entered upon the ordeal of the contest, in which they were not sparing even of their
Demosthenes, Funeral Speech, section 19 (search)
Of necessity it happens, when a battle takes place,The particular reference is to the battle of Chaeronea, 338 B.C., where the Greeks were defeated by Philip of Macedon. that the one side is beaten and the other victorious; but I should not hesitate to assert that in my judgement the men who die at the post of duty on either side do not share the defeat but are both alike victors. For the mastery among the survivors is decided as the deity disposes, but that which each was in duty bound to contribute to this end, every man who has kept his post in battle has done. But if, as a mortal being, he meets his doom, what he has suffered is an incident caused by chance, but in spirit he remains unconquered by his opponents.Blass notes this sentiment in Dem. 18.208, and in Isoc. 4.92.
Diodorus Siculus, Library, Book XVI, Chapter 82 (search)
339/8 B.C.At the end of this year, Lysimachides became archon at Athens, and in Rome there were elected as consuls Quintus Servilius and Marcus Rutilius.Lysimachides was archon at Athens from July 339 to June 338 B.C. The consuls of 342 B.C. were Q. Servilius Ahala and C. Marcius Rutilus (Broughton, 1.133). In this year, Timoleon returned to Syracuse and promptly expelled from the city as traitors all the mercenaries who had abandoned him under the leadership of Thrasius. These crossed over into Italy, and coming upon a coastal town in Bruttium, sacked it. The Bruttians, incensed, immediately marched against them with a large army, stormed the place, and shot them all down with javelins.Plut. Timoleon 30.1-2. Another group of the impious mercenaries is mentioned also in 30.4. Those who had abandoned Timoleon were rewarded by such misfortune for their own wickedness. Timoleon himself seized and put to death Postumius the Etruscan,Th
Diodorus Siculus, Library, Book XVII, Chapter 2 (search)
335/4 B.C.When Evaenetus was archon at Athens, the Romans elected as consuls Lucius Furius and Gaius Manius.Evaenetus was archon from July 335 to June 334 B.C. Broughton (1.138) gives the consuls of 338 B.C. as L. Furius Camillus and C. Maenius. In this year Alexander, succeeding to the throne, first inflicted due punishment on his father's murderers,Diodorus has not previously suggested that any others knew of the plans of Pausanias, who was killed immediately and so could not reveal any accomplices (Book 16.94.4). Alexander himself was the principal beneficiary of the murder, and he has been suspected of complicity, especially because, as only half of Macedonian blood, he was not universally popular. At all events, the known victims of this purge were Alexander's own rivals: his older cousin Amyntas, son of King Perdiccas III; the family of Alexander of Lyncestis, although he himself was spared; and Philip's wife Cleopa
Hyperides, Against Philippides, section 9 (search)
Will you dare then presently to mention opportunities, when the opportunities you sought were for the city's ruin? Have you brought your children with you into court, Philippides?For the bringing of children into court compare Hyp. 4.41. Are you going to bring them soon on to the platform and so claim pity from the jury? You have no right to pity. When others felt compassion for the city's misfortunes, you and your like were exulting over her.At the time of Chaeronea （338 B.C.）. They had resolved to save Greece in a spirit which ill deserved the fate they met. But you, who are unjustly bringing Athens into the depths of shame, deserve the punishment you are now about.to suff
Hyperides, In Defence of Euxenippus, section 20 (search)
Wait till they send the Athenian people some injunctions which are unjust or inappropriate. Then is the time for you to get up and oppose them in the interests of your city, disputing the cause of justice with their envoys and resorting to the Congress of the GreeksThe Congress, which united all Greek states except Sparta, was founded by Philip after the battle of Chaeronea in 338 B.C. as the champion of your country. But you never stood up or spoke about them there; it is only here that you hate Olympias
Isocrates, Plataicus (ed. George Norlin), section 20 (search)
And yet what man would not detest the greedy spirit of these Thebans, who seek to rule the weaker, but think they must be on terms of equality with the stronger and who begrudge your city the territory ceded by the Oropians,Oropus, a town on the frontier between Attica and Boeotia, was long a bone of contention. In 412 B.C. it was treacherously taken by Thebes （Thucydides viii. 60）; at some time after 402 B.C. it was under Athenian protection; in 366 B.C. Oropus was again seized by Thebes, but in 338 B.C. Philip gave the town to Athens. yet themselves forcibly seize and portion out territory not their o
Pausanias, Description of Greece, Attica, chapter 18 (search)
bed flowed off the water after the deluge that occurred in the time of Deucalion, and into it they cast every year wheat meal mixed with honey. On a pillar is a statue of Isocrates, whose memory is remarkable for three things: his diligence in continuing to teach to the end of his ninety-eight years, his self-restraint in keeping aloof from politics and from interfering with public affairs, and his love of liberty in dying a voluntary death, distressed at the news of the battle at Chaeronea338 B.C.. There are also statues in Phrygian marble of Persians supporting a bronze tripod; both the figures and the tripod are worth seeing. The ancient sanctuary of Olympian Zeus the Athenians say was built by Deucalion, and they cite as evidence that Deucalion lived at Athens a grave which is not far from the present temple. Hadrian constructed other buildings also for the Athenians: a temple of Hera and Zeus Panellenios （Common to all Greeks）, a sanctuary common to all the gods, and, most famo
Pausanias, Description of Greece, Attica, chapter 25 (search)
he Athenians and the Amazons, the engagement with the Persians at Marathon and the destruction of the Gauls in Mysia.See Paus. 1.4.5. Each is about two cubits, and all were dedicated by Attalus. There stands too Olympiodorus, who won fame for the greatness of his achievements, especially in the crisis when he displayed a brave confidence among men who had met with continuous reverses, and were therefore in despair of winning a single success in the days to come. For the disaster at Chaeronea338 B.C. was the beginning of misfortune for all the Greeks, and especially did it enslave those who had been blind to thedanger and such as had sided with Macedon. Most of their cities Philip captured; with Athens he nominally came to terms, but really imposed the severest penalties upon her, taking away the islands and putting an end to her maritime empire. For a time the Athenians remained passive, during the reign of Philip and subsequently of Alexander. But when on the death of Alexander the
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