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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith) 11 11 Browse Search
Xenophon, Hellenica (ed. Carleton L. Brownson) 6 6 Browse Search
Pausanias, Description of Greece 2 2 Browse Search
Aristotle, Politics 1 1 Browse Search
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 1 1 Browse Search
Pliny the Elder, The Natural History (ed. John Bostock, M.D., F.R.S., H.T. Riley, Esq., B.A.) 1 1 Browse Search
Strabo, Geography (ed. H.C. Hamilton, Esq., W. Falconer, M.A.) 1 1 Browse Search
Isocrates, Speeches (ed. George Norlin) 1 1 Browse Search
Diodorus Siculus, Library 1 1 Browse Search
Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Massachusetts in the Army and Navy during the war of 1861-1865, vol. 1, Mass. officers and men who died. 1 1 Browse Search
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Aristotle, Politics, Book 5, section 1306b (search)
nded from the Equals—whom the Spartans detected in a conspiracy and sent away to colonize Tarentum）; or when individuals although great men and inferior to nobody in virtue are treated dishonorably by certain men in higher honor （for example Lysander by the kingsKing Pausanias II. checked Lysander after his conquest of Athens in 403 B.C. and King Agesilaus thwarted him on the expedition into Asia Minor in 396.）; or when a person of manly nature has no share in the honors （for example Cinadon,His conspiracy against the *(/omoioi in 398 B.C. was discovered and he was executed. who got together the attack upon the Spartans in the reign of Agesilaus）. Faction in aristocracies also arises when some of the well-born are too poor and others too rich （which happens especially during wars, and this also occurred at Sparta at the time of the Messenian War—as appears from the poem of Tyrtaeus entitle
Diodorus Siculus, Library, Book XIV, Chapter 44 (search)
398 B.C.When this year had come to an end, Ithycles was archon in Athens and in Rome five military tribunes were established in place of the consuls, Lucius Julius, Marcus Furius, Marcus Aemilius, Gaius Cornelius, and Caeso Fabius. Dionysius, the tyrant of the Syracusans, as soon as the major part of the task of making arms and building a fleet was completed, turned at once to the gathering of soldiers. From the Syracusans he enrolled those who were fit for military service in companies and from the cities subject to him he summoned their able men. He also gathered mercenaries from Greece, and especially from the Lacedaemonians, for they, in order to aid him in building up his power, gave him permission to enlist as many mercenaries from them as he might wish. And, speaking generally, since he made a point of gathering his mercenary force from many nations and promised high pay, he found men who were responsive. Since Dionysius was going to
Isocrates, Panegyricus (ed. George Norlin), section 144 (search)
for I have striven to forestall just such a complaint, and have recounted the most glorious of his exploits. I do not, however, forget his minor campaigns; I do not forget that Dercylidas,Succeeded Thimbron as commander of the Spartan fleet, 399 B.C. He is said to have taken nine cities in eight days （Xen. Hell. 3.2.1）. with a thousand heavy-armed troops, extended his power over Aeolis; that DracoAppointed harmost of Atarneus by Dercylidas, 398 B.C. （Xen. Hell. 3.2.11）. took possession of Atarneus, and afterwards collected an army of three thousand light-armed men, and devastated the plains of Mysia; that Thimbron,Admiral of Spartan fleet 400 B.C. （Xen. Hell. 3.1.4）. with a force only a little larger, crossed over into Lydia and plundered the whole country; and that Agesilaus, with the help of the army of Cyrus, conquered almost all the territory this side of the Halys river.The campaign of Agesilaus occurred in 395 B.C. （Xen. H
Pausanias, Description of Greece, Laconia, chapter 8 (search)
the Lacedaemonians, rose up with the rich citizens against the people but before Agis and his army could come to their aid, Thrasydaeus, who at this time championed the interests of the popular party at Elis, overthrew in battle Xenias and his followers and cast them out of the city. When Agis led back his army, he left behind Lysistratus, a Spartan, with a portion of his forces, along with the Elean refugees, that they might help the Lepreans to ravage the land. In the third year of the war398 B.C. the Lacedaemonians under Agis again prepared to invade the territory of Elis. So Thrasydaeus and the Eleans, reduced to dire extremities, agreed to forgo their supremacy over their neighbors, to dismantle the fortifications of their city, and to allow the Lacedaemonians to sacrifice to the god and to compete in the games at Olympia. Agis used also to make continual incursions into Attica, and established the fortified post at Decelea to annoy the Athenians.413 B.C. When the Athenian navy wa
Pausanias, Description of Greece, Laconia, chapter 9 (search)
So Agesilaus, son of Archidamus, became king, and the Lacedaemonians resolved to cross with a fleet to Asia in order to put down Artaxerxes, son of Dareius.398 B.C. For they were informed by several of their magistrates, especially by Lysander, that it was not Artaxerxes but Cyrus who had been supplying the pay for the fleet during the war with Athens. Agesilaus, who was appointed to lead the expedition across to Asia and to be in command of the land forces, sent round to all parts of the Peloponnesus, except Argos, and to the Greeks north of the Isthmus, asking for allies. Now the Corinthians were most eager to take part in the expedition to Asia, but considering it a bad omen that their temple of Zeus surnamed Olympian had been suddenly burnt down, they reluctantly remained behind. The Athenians excused themselves on the ground that their city was returning to its former state of prosperity after the Peloponnesian war and the epidemic of plague, and the news brought by messengers, th
Xenophon, Hellenica (ed. Carleton L. Brownson), Book 3, chapter 2 (search)
ia and lay it waste with fire. At the opening of the spring Dercylidas departed398 B.C. from Bithynia and came to Lampsacus. While he was there, Aracus, Naubates, and the ensuing year; also to tell him that the ephors had given them instructions398 B.C. to call together the soldiers and say that while the ephors censured them for , being well pleased that they were going to see the cities enjoying a state of398 B.C. peace and prosperity. So they departed. But Dercylidas, having now found out taking their living thereby. When he learned further that they had a large stock398 B.C. of grain in the city, he invested and besieged them; and in eight months he brarganians came over to him. Thereupon he went to Olympia and offered sacrifices398 B.C. to Olympian Zeus, and this time no one undertook to prevent him. After his sac rather than unable, to capture it. Now while the country was being ravaged and398 B.C. the Lacedaemonian army was in the neighbourhood of Cyllene, the party of Xenia
Strabo, Geography (ed. H.C. Hamilton, Esq., W. Falconer, M.A.), BOOK VI., CHAPTER I. (search)
heir alliance, he sought a consort from their city, they replied with independent feeling that he might have their hangman's daughter. (See Diodorus Siculus, xiv. 44.) Had the other states of Magna Grecia displayed the same energy, the ambitious views of this artful prince might have been frustrated; but after the defeat of their forces on the Elleporus, now Callipari, they succumbed, and Rhegium, after a gallant defence which lasted nearly a year, was compelled to yield, about the year 398 B. C. The insulting tyrant sentenced the heroic Phyton, who had commanded the town, to a cruel death, and removed the few inhabitants that remained to Sicily. but his son (Dionysius the younger) partly restored it,B. C. 360. and called it Phœbia. During the war with Pyrrhus, a body of Campanians destroyed most of the citizens against the faith of treaties,B. C. 280. and a little before the Marsic or social war, earthquakes destroyed most of the towns;B.C. 91. but after Augustus Cæ
Pliny the Elder, The Natural History (ed. John Bostock, M.D., F.R.S., H.T. Riley, Esq., B.A.), BOOK XXXV. AN ACCOUNT OF PAINTINGS AND COLOURS., CHAP. 36.—ARTISTS WHO PAINTED WITH THE PENCIL. (search)
the fine picture of the Bacchantes, with Satyrs moving stealthily towards them; and a Scylla, now at Rome in the Temple of Peace. No painter ever worked with greater rapidity than Nicomachus; indeed it is said, that on one occasion having entered into an engagement with Aristratus,A contemporary of Philip of Macedon. the tyrant of Sicyon, to paint within a given time the monument which he was raising to the memory of the poet Telestis,A dithyrambic poet, born at Selinus. He flourished B.C. 398. Only a few lines of his works remain. the artist only arrived a few days before the expiration of the term; upon which, the tyrant was so angry that he threatened to punish him: however, in the few days that were left, Nicomachus, to the admiration of all, completed the work, with equal promptitude and success. Among his pupils, were his brother Ariston, his son Aristides, and Philoxenus of Eretria, who painted for King Cassander a picture representing one of the battles between Alexander an
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Camillus (search)
his list of the consular tribunes of that year, includes the two censors. (Comp. V. Max. 1.9.1.) Therefore, what is commonly called the second, third, &c., consular tribunate of Camillus, must be regarded as the first, second, &c. The first belongs to B. C. 401; and the only thing that is mentioned of him during this year is, that he marched into the country of the Faliscans, and, not meeting any enemy in the open field, ravaged the country. His second consular tribunate falls in the year B. C. 398, in the course of which he acquired great booty at Capena; and as the consular tribunes were obliged by a decree of the senate to lay down their office before the end of the year, Q. Servilius Fidenas and Camillus were successively appointed interreges. In B. C. 396, when the Veientines, Faliscans, and Fidenates again revolted, Camillus was made dictator for the purpose of carrying on the war against them, and he appointed P. Cornelius Scipio his magister equitum. After defeating the Fal
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Ci'nadon (search)
Ci'nadon （*Klna/dwn), the chief of a conspiracy against the Spartan peers (omoioi) in the first year of Agesilaus II. (B. C. 398-397.) This plot appears to have arisen out of the increased power of the ephors, and the more oligarchical character which the Spartan constitution had by this time assumed. (Thirlwall's Greece, iv. pp. 373-378; Manso's Sparta, 3.1, p. 219, &c.; Wachsmuth, Hellen. Alter. 1.2, pp. 214, 215, 260, 262.) Cinadon was a young man of personal accomplishment and courage, but not one of the peers. The design of his conspiracy was to assassinate all the peers, in order, as he himself said, "that he might have no superior in Lacedaemon." The first hint of the existence of the plot was given by a soothsayer, who was assisting Agesilaus at a sacrifice. Five days afterwards, a person came to the ephors, and told them the following story: He had been taken, he said, into the agora by Cinadon, who asked him to count the Spartans there. I-He did so, and found that, includin
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