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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith) 24 24 Browse Search
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Antiphon, On the murder of Herodes (ed. K. J. Maidment), section 77 (search)
f Mytilene an amnesty which allowed them to continue living on their own land,See Thuc. 3.50. The walls of Mytilene were rased, her fleet taken from her, and the entire island, except for Methymna, divided among Athenian cleruchs. These drew a fixed rent from the inhabitants, who continued to work the land. he has not been guilty of a single fault, of a single lapse from duty. He has failed neither the city of Athens nor that of Mytilene, when a public service was demanded of him; he regularly furnishes choruses, and always pays the imposts.The choruses mentioned were of course local, and performed at the Mytilenean festivals. The “services to Athens” amount to nothing more than the payment of te/lh（?harbor-dues）. Professor Wade-Gery suggests to me that the ei)kosth/ may be meant, a 5 per cent impost which replaced the tribute early in 413 （Thuc. 7.28）. If so, the date of the speech must fall between the spring of 413 and the autumn, when news of the Sicilian disast
Aristotle, Politics, Book 5, section 1307a (search)
aristocracy to oligarchy, or to the opposite extremes, that is, aristocracy to democracy （for the poorer people feeling they are unjustly treated pull it round to the opposite） and constitutional governments to oligarchy （for the only lasting thing is equality in accordance with desert and the possession of what is their own）. And the change mentionedi.e. from aristocracy to democracy. Possibly these events occurred after the defeat of Athens at Syracuse in 413 B.C., when the Athenian party at Thurii was banished （Lysias 835 D）. The events in 8 were perhaps in the fourth century. came about at Thurii, for because the property-qualification for honors was too high, the constitution was altered to a lower property-qualification and to a larger number of official posts, but because the notables illegally bought up the whole of the land （for the constitution was too oligarchical, so that they were able to grasp at
Diodorus Siculus, Library, Book XIII, Chapter 9 (search)
413 B.C.At the close of this year Cleocritus was archon of the Athenians, and in Rome in place of consuls there were four military tribunes, Aulus Sempronius, Marcus Papirius, Quintus Fabius, and Spurius Nautius. This year the Lacedaemonians together with their allies invaded Attica, under the leadership of Agis and Alcibiades the Athenian. And seizing the stronghold of Deceleia they made it into a fortress for attacks upon Attica, and this, as it turned out, was why this war came to be called the Deceleian War. The Athenians dispatched thirty triremes to lie off Laconia under Charicles as general and voted to send eighty triremes and five thousand hoplites to Sicily. And the Syracusans, having made up their minds to join battle at sea, fitted out eighty triremes and sailed against the enemy. The Athenians put out against them with sixty ships, and when the battle was at its height, all the Athenians in the fortresses went down
Diodorus Siculus, Library, Book XIII, Chapter 12 (search)
the ships, Nicias found himself compelled to yield on the matter of their returning home. And when the generals were agreed, the soldiers began gathering together their equipment, loading the triremes, and raising the yard-arms; and the generals issued orders to the multitude that at the signal not a man in the camp should be late, for he who lagged would be left behind. But when they were about to sail on the following day, on the night of the day before, the moon was eclipsed.27th August, 413 B.C. Consequently Nicias, who was not only by nature a superstitiously devout man but also cautious because of the epidemic in the camp, summoned the soothsayers. And when they declared that the departure must be postponed for the customary three days,"Thrice nine days," according to Thuc. 7.50.4; "another full period of the moon," according to Plut. Nic. 23.6. Demosthenes and the others were also compelled, out of respect for the deity, to accede.
Herodotus, The Histories (ed. A. D. Godley), Book 9, chapter 73 (search)
ister Helen, who had been carried off to Aphidnae in Attica by Theseus and Pirithous. after breaking into Attica with a great host, they turned the towns upside down because they did not know where Helen had been hidden, then (it is said) the Deceleans (and, as some say, Decelus himself, because he was angered by the pride of Theseus and feared for the whole land of Attica) revealed the whole matter to the sons of Tyndarus, and guided them to Aphidnae, which Titacus, one of the autochthonoi, handed over to to the Tyndaridae. For that deed the Deceleans have always had and still have freedom at Sparta from all dues and chief places at feasts. In fact, even as recently as the war which was waged many years after this time between the Athenians and Peloponnesians, the Lacedaemonians laid no hand on Decelea when they harried the rest of Attica.But in the later part of the Peloponnesian war the Lacedaemonians established themselves at Decelea and held it as a menace to Athens (413 B.C.).
Isocrates, On the Peace (ed. George Norlin), section 37 (search)
Now I should be glad if they would inform me what ancestors they would have us imitate. Do they mean those who lived at the time of the Persian WarsSee 75. or those who governed the city before the Decelean WarThis term is frequently used to denote the last decade of the Peloponnesian War, from the occupation of the fort of Decelea near Athens by the Spartans in 413 B.C. Cf. 84. During this period the affairs of Athens went from bad to worse.? If they mean the latter then they are simply advising us to run the risk once again of being enslavedAs at the end of the Peloponnesian War. Cf. 78.;
Isocrates, On the Peace (ed. George Norlin), section 84 (search)
For they reached such a degree of neglect of their own possessions and of covetousness of the possessions of other states that when the Lacedaemonians had invaded our territory and the fortifications at DeceleaThis strong position on the slope of Mt. Parnes in Attica was seized and fortified by the Spartans as an outpost from which to raid Athenian territory in 413 B.C. had already been built, they manned triremes to send to SicilyThe original expedition to Sicily was dispatched in 415 B.C. Strong reinforcements were, however, sent at the time Decelea was fortified by the Spartans. See Thuc. 7.20. and were not ashamed to permit their own country to be cut off and plunderedSee Isoc. 8.92. by the enemy while dispatching an expedition against a people who had never in any respect offended against us.
Isocrates, Panathenaicus (ed. George Norlin), section 57 (search)
Now both Athens and Lacedaemon incurred the hatred of their subjects and were plunged into war and confusion, but in these circumstances it will be found that our city, although attacked by all the Hellenes and by the barbarians as well, was able to hold out against them for ten years,The last decade of the Peloponnesian War, from what he terms the Decelean War, 413 B.C. （see Isoc. 8.37, 84, note.）, to the fall of Athens 404-403 B.C. while the Lacedaemonians, though still the leading power by land, after waging war against the Thebans alone and being defeated in a single battle,Leuctra, 371 B.C. were stripped of all the possessions which they had held and involved in misfortunes and calamities which were very similar to these which overtook ourselves.See Isoc. 8.1
Isocrates, Plataicus (ed. George Norlin), section 31 (search)
In what invasion into your country of all that have ever been made have they failed to take part? Who, more consistently than they, have been your enemies and ill-wishers? In the Decelean WarThe Decelean War is the name given to the latter part （413-404 B.C.） of the Peloponnesian War when a Spartan force occupied the Attic post, Decelea, in 413 B.C. were they not authors of more mischief than the other invaders? When misfortune befell you,A reference to the Athenian naval defeat at Aegospotami, in 405 B.C. did not they alone of the alliesThis is an exaggeration; not only the Thebans, but the Corinthians and other Peloponnesians, voted for the destruction of Athens, but Sparta refused; cf. Xen. Hell. 2.2.19-20. vote that your city should be reduced to slavery and its territory be abandoned to pasturage as was the plain of Crisa,After the first Sacred War, at the end of the sixth century B.C., the plain of Crisa, between Delphi and the Corinthian Gulf, was declared holy ground and wa
Isocrates, On the team of horses (ed. George Norlin), section 10 (search)
These are the actual facts; but such an excess of insolence have my father's enemies that they accuse him, who was exiled in so illegal a manner as if he had committed outrageous crimes, and try to ruin his reputation by saying that he caused the fortification of Decelea,Decelea was a fort on Mt. Parnes, fourteen miles N.E. from Athens. The Lacedaemonians occupied it in 413 B.C. Cf. Lys. 14.30, and for the facts Thuc. 6.91.6. and the revolt of the islands, and that he became the enemy's counsellor.
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