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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Petreius (search)
rmy more than thirty years, either as tribune, praefectus, legatus, or praetor; but we know nothing of his former history, nor in what year he was praetor. In consequence of the illness of Antonius, according to one statement, or his dislike to fight against his former friend, as others rltate, the supreme command of the army devolved upon Petreius on the day of the battle, in which Catiline perished. (Sal. Cat. 59, 60; D. C. 37.39, 40; Cic. pro Sest. 5.) The name of Petreius next occurs in B. C. 59, in which year he offered to go to prison with Cato, when (Caesar, the consul, threatened the latter with this punishment. (D. C. 38.3.) In B. C. 55 Petreius was sent into Spain along with L. Afranius as legatus of Pompey, to whom the provinces of the two Spains had been granted. On the breaking out of the civil war in B. C. 49, Afranius and Petreius were in Nearer Spain at the heaof so powerful an army, that Caesar, after obtaining possession of Italy, hastened to Spain to reduce those pr
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Philippus, Ma'rcius 6. L. Marcius Philippus, L. F. Q. N., the son of the preceding, seems to have been praetor in B. C. 60, since we find him propraetor in Syria in B. C. 59 (Appian, App. Syr. 51). He was consul in B. C. 56, with Cn. Cornelius Lentulus Marcellinus. Philippus was closely connected with Caesar's family. Upon the death of C. Octavims, the father of the emperor Augustus, Philippas married his widow Atia, who was the daughter of Julia, the sister of the dictator, and he thus became the step-father of Augustus (Suet. Octav. 8; Vell. 2.59, 60 ; Cic. Phil. iii. 6; Appian, App. BC 3.10, 13; Plut. Cic. 41). Ovid, indeed, says (Fast. 6.809), that he married the sister of the mother (matertera) of Augustus, and hence it has been conjectured that Philippus may have married both sisters in succession, for that he was the step-father of Augustus cannot admit of dispute. (The question is discussed by Orelli, Onom. Tull. vol. ii. p. 382.) Notwithstanding his close connection with Ca
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Pi'lia (search)
C. 54 (ad Att. 4.17), was undoubtedly her brother; and he must be the same as the Pilius who accused M. Servilius of repetundae in B. C. 51 (Cael. ad Fam. 8.8). His full name was Q. Pilius Celer; for the Q. Celer, whose speech against M. Servilius Cicero asks Atticus to send him in B. C. 50 (Cic. Att. 6.3.10), must have been the same person as the one already mentioned, as Drumann has observed, and not Q. Metellus Celer, as the commentators have stated, since the latter had died as early as B. C. 59. With the exception, however of the M. Pilius and Q. Pilius, whom we have spoken of, no other person of this name occurs. Pilia was married to Atticus on the 12th of February, B. C. 56 (Cic. ad Q. Fr. 2.3.7), and in the summer of the following year, she bore her husband a daughter (ad Att. 5.19, 6.1.22) who subsequently married Vipsanius Agrippa. This appears to have been the only child that she had. Cicero, in his letters to Atticus, frequently speaks of Pilia; and from the terms in whic
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Piso (search)
ral of the orations of Cicero, who paints him in the blackest colours; but as Piso was both a political and a personal enemy of the orator, we must make great deductions from his description which is evidently exaggerated. Still, after making every deduction, we know enough of his life to convince us that he was an unprincipled debauchee and a cruel and corrupt magistrate, a fair sample of his noble contemporaries, neither better nor worse than the majority of them. He is first mentioned in B. C. 59, when he was brought to trial by P. Clodius for plundering a province, of which he had the administration after his praetorship, and he was only acquitted by throwing himself at the feet of the judges (V. Max. 8.1.6). In the same year Caesar married his daughter Calpurnia. Through his influence Piso obtained the consulship for the following year B. C. 58, having for his colleague A. Gabinius, who was indebted for the honour to Pompey. The new consuls were the mere instruments of the triumvi
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Piso (search)
Piso 12. C. Calpurnius Piso Frugi, a son of No. 11, married Tullia, the daughter of Cicero, in B. C. 63, but was betrothed to her as early as B. C. 67 (Cic. Att. 1.3). In Caesar's consulship, B. C. 59, Piso was accused by L. Vettius as one of the conspirators in the pretended plot against Pompey's, life. He was quaestor in the following year, B. C. 58, when he used every exertion to obtain the recal of his father-in-law from banishment, and for that reason would not go into the provinces of Pontus and Bithynia, which had been allotted him. He did not, however, live to see the return of Cicero, who arrived at Rome on the 4th of Septem>ber, B. C. 57. He probably died in the summer of the same year. He is frequently mentioned by Cicero in terms of gratitude on account of the zeal which he had manifested in his behalf during his banishment. (Cic. Att. 2.24, in Vatin. 11, pro Sest. 24, 31, ad Q. Fr. 1.4, ad Fam. 14.1, 2, post Red. in Sen. 15, post Red. ad Quir. 3.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
as descended from a respectable equestrian family at Atina, a praefectura not far from Arpinum in Latium. His father was a Roman eques, and one of the most important and influential farmers of the public revenue (publicani); he served under M. Crassus, who was consul B. C. 97, and he subsequently earned the hatred of the aristocracy by the energy with which he pressed for a reduction of the sum which the publicani had agreed to pay for the taxes in Asia, and by the support which he gave in B. C. 59 to Julius Caesar, who granted the demands of the equites. The younger Plancius, the subject of this notice, first served in Africa under the propraetor A. Torquatus, subsequently in B. C. 68 under the proconsul Q. Metellus in Crete, and next in B. C. 62. as military tribune in the army of C. Antonius in Macedonia. In B. C. 58 he was quaestor in the last-mentioned province under the propraetor L. Appuleits, and here he showed great kindness and attention to Cicero, when the latter came to Ma
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Pompeia (search)
Pompeia 4. Dauhter of the triumvir by his third wife Mucia. When her father, in B. C. 59, married Julia, the daughter of Julius Caesar, she was promised to Servilius Caepio, to whom Julia had been already betrothed. She did not, however, marry Caepio, but Faustus Sulla, the son of the dictator, to whom she had likewise been previously betrothed. Her husband perished in the African war, B. C. 46, and she and her children fell into the hands of Caesar, who, however, dismissed them in safety. (Plut. Caes. 14, Pomp. 47; D. C. 42.13; Auct. Bell. Afric. 95.) She subsequently married L. Cornelius Cinna, and her son by this marriage, Cn. Cinna Magnus, entered into a conspiracy against Augustus (D. C. 4.14 ; Senec. de Clem. 1.9.) She was with her brother Sextus in Sicily for some time, and she there made presents to the young Tiberius, subsequently emperor, when his parents fled for refuge to the island. (Suet. Tib 6.) As her brother Sextus survived her, she must have died before B. C. 35. (Se
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Pompeia (search)
Pompeia 6. Of uncertain origin, the wife of P. Vatinius, who was tribune, B. C. 59. She was still alive in B. C. 45. (Cic. Fam. 5.11.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Pompeius Magnus or Pompeius the Great or Cn. Pompeius (search)
of carrying their plans into execution, Caesar prevailed upon Pompey to become reconciled to Crassus, who by his connections, as well as by his immense wealth, had great influence at Rome. Pompey, Caesar, and Crassus, accordingly agreed to assist one another against their mutual enemies; and thus was first formed the first triumvirate. This union of the three most powerful men at Rome crushed the aristocracy for the time. Supported by Pompey and Crassus, Caesar was able in his consulship, B. C. 59, to carry all his measures. An account of these is given elsewhere. [CAESAR, p. 543.] It is only necessary to mention here, that by Caesar's agrarian law, which divided the rich Campanian land among the poorer citizens, Pompey was able to fulfil the promises he had made to his veterans; and that Caesar likewise obtained from the people a ratification of all Pompey's acts in Asia. In order to cement their union more closely, Caesar gave to Pompey his daughter Julia in marriage, Pompey having
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Po'rcia (search)
Po'rcia 2. The daughter of Cato Uticensis by his first wife Atilia. She was married first to M. Bibulus, who was Caesar's colleague in the consulship B. C. 59, and to whom she bore three children. Bibulus died in B. C. 48; and in B. C. 45 she married M. Brutus, the assassin of Julius Caesar. She inherited all her father's republican principles, and likewise his courage and firmness of will. She induced her husband on the night before the 15th of March to disclose to her the conspiracy against Caesar's life, and she is reported to have wounded herself in the thigh in order to show that she had a courageous soul and could be trusted with the secret. At the same time her affection for her husband was stronger than her stoicism, and on the morning of the 15th, her anxiety for his safety was so great that she fainted away, and word was brought to Brutus in the senate-house that his wife was dying. She parted with Brutus at Velia in Lucania in the course of the same year, when he embarked
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