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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith) 2 2 Browse Search
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 2 2 Browse Search
Aristotle, Politics 1 1 Browse Search
Plato, Laws 1 1 Browse Search
Pliny the Elder, The Natural History (ed. John Bostock, M.D., F.R.S., H.T. Riley, Esq., B.A.) 1 1 Browse Search
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Aristotle, Politics, Book 5, section 1310b (search)
nd the sacred embassiesOfficial missions to religious games and to oracles. for long terms of office）, and others from oligarchies electing some one supreme official for the greatest magistracies. For in all these methods they had it in their power to effect their purpose easily, if only they wished, because they already possessed the power of royal rule in the one set of cases and of their honorable office in the other, for example Phidon in ArgosPerhaps circa 750 B.C. and others became tyrants when they possessed royal power already, while the Ionian tyrantse.g. Thrasybulus, tyrant of Miletus, 612 B.C. and PhalarisTyrant of Agrigentum 572 B.C. arose from offices of honor, and Panaetius at Leontini and Cypselus at Corinth and PisistratusSee 1305a 23 n. at Athens and DionysiusSee 1259a 28 n. at Syracuse and others in the same manner from the position of demagogue. Therefore, as we said, royalty is rang
Plato, Laws, Book 3, section 692a (search)
of the royal strain with the temperate potency of age, by making the power of the eight-and-twenty elders of equal weight with that of the kings in the greatest matters. Then your “third saviour,”Theopompus, king of Sparta about 750 B.C. The institution of the Ephorate is by some ascribed to him (as here), by others to Lycurgus. Cp. Aristot. Pol. 1313a 19ff. seeing your government still fretting and fuming, curbed it, as one may say, by the power of the ephors, which was not far removed from government by lot. Thus, in your case, according to this account, owing to its being blended of the right elements and possessed of due measure, the kingship not only survived itself but ensured the survival of all el
Pliny the Elder, The Natural History (ed. John Bostock, M.D., F.R.S., H.T. Riley, Esq., B.A.), BOOK II. AN ACCOUNT OF THE WORLD AND THE ELEMENTS., CHAP. 6. (8.)—OF THE NATURE OF THE STARS; OF THE MOTION OF THE PLANETS. (search)
hat Lucifer and Vesper were the same star, differently situated with respect to the Sun. Playfair remarks, that Venus is the only planet mentioned in the sacred writings, and in the most ancient poets, such as Hesiod and Homer; Outlines, ii. 156., about the 62nd olympiad, in the 222nd year of the CityThere has been much discussion among the commentators respecting the correctness of the figures in the text; according to the sera of the olympiads, the date referred to will be between the years 750 and 754 B.C.; the foundation of Rome is commonly referred to the year 753 B.C. See the remarks of Marcus in Ajasson, ii. 278, 9.. It excels all the other stars in size, and its brilliancy is so considerable, that it is the only star which produces a shadow by its rays. There has, consequently, been great interest made for its name; some have called it the star of JunoAristotle informs us, that it was called either Phosphorus, Juno, or Venus; De Mundo, cap. 2. t. i. p. 602. See also Hyginus
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Cinaethus (search)
lly supposed by the ancients to have been the author of the Homeric hymn to Apollo. He is said to have lived about the 69th Olympiad (B. C. 504), and to have been the first rhapsodist of the Homeric poems at Syracuse. (Schol. ad Pind. Nem. 2.1.) This date, however, is much too low, as the Sicilians were acquainted with the Homeric poems long before. Welcker (Epischer Cyclus, p. 243) therefore proposes to read kata\ th\n e(/kthn h)/ th\n e)nna/thn *)Ol. instead of kata\ th\n e(chkosth\n e)nna/thn *)Ol., and places him about B. C. 750. Cinaethus is charged by Eustathius (ad Il. i. p. 16, ed. Polit.) with having interpolated the Homeric poems. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. i. p. 508.) CI'NCIA GENS, plebeian, of small importance. None of its members ever obtained the consulship: the first Cincius who gained any of the higher offices of the state was L. Cincius Alimentus, praetor in B. C. 209. The only cognomen of this gens is ALIMENTUS: those who occur without a surname are given under CINCIUS.
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Thales (search)
t devoted himself to political science in the same way as the ablest of legislators (poihth\n me\n dokou=nta lupikw=n melw=n kai\ pro/sxhma th\n te/xnhn tau/thn pepoihme/non, e)/rlw| de\ a(/per oi( kra/tistoi tw=n nomoqetw=n diapratto/menon). Add to this the great probability that later writers mistook the sense of the word no/moi in the ancient accounts of Thaletas; and his association with Lycurgus is explained. It is not worth while to discuss the statement of Jerome (Chron. s. a. 1266, B. C. 750), who says that Thales of Miletus (probably meaning Thales of Crete, for the philosopher's age is well known) lived in the reign of Romulus. Perhaps this may only be another form of the tradition which made him contemporary with Lycurgus. The strictly historical evidence respecting the date of Thaletas is contained in three testimonies. First, the statement of Glaucus, one of the highest authorities on the subject, that he was later than Archilochus. (Plut. de Mus. 10, p. 1134d. e.) Seco
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), C. (search)
portraits, are the Macedonian series, commencing with Alexander, the son of Amyntas. One form of Greek money, before the introduction of coin, was in skewers, of which six formed a handful. Ancient money. An early gold coin was the Persian darlic e, Fig. 1382, which weighed about 130 grains troy. Silver coins in imitation were struck by Aryandes, governor of Egypt under the Persians, for which act he was condemned to death. Silver is said to have been coined by Phedon of Argos, 750 B. C. Gold by Philip of Macedon, 340 B. C. Servius Tullius coined copper money, 578 B. C. Silver was coined at Athens, 512 B. C.; at Rome, 269 B. C. Iron was coined by Lycurgus, 884 B. C. Plutarch says it required a cart and two oxen to draw the small sum of 10 minae, about $28. It is said that the coin of Philip of Macedon was the first that was alloyed; it was done to harden it, and make it wear better. Coined money was first cited in those portions of the Hebrew Scriptures written afte
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), S. (search)
or that is the last we hear of it. The penteconter is mentioned by Herodotus (I. 152). It had 50 rowers, who sat 25 on a side, on thwarts of the same level. The navy of Polycrates consisted of penteconters. Biremes, where the rowers sat in 2 ranks, on different levels, were probably invented by the Phoenicians, and were known to the Assyrians in the time of Sennacherib. One is represented in the palace of that monarch at Kouyunjik. Triremes were invented by the Corinthians about 750 B. C. Roman Biremis. Fig 5000 is a view of a Roman biremis, or two-banked galley. The Romans, by the account of Livy, first became aware of the importance of a fleet during the second Samnite war, B. C. 311. As their colonies spread, especially when the Pontian Islands were embraced in their bounds, the necessity grew. In the time of the first Punic war the Romans became a maritime power, clearly foreseeing that in default of a navy Carthage could not be subdued. See also Smith's Dicti