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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 4 4 Browse Search
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing) 2 2 Browse Search
Diodorus Siculus, Library 1 1 Browse Search
Plato, Republic 1 1 Browse Search
Edward L. Pierce, Memoir and letters of Charles Sumner: volume 4 1 1 Browse Search
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Diodorus Siculus, Library, Book XVII, Chapter 39 (search)
4.11; Arrian 2.25), rather than a letter (Justin 11.12.7-16); Plut. Alexander 29.4). Dareius offered the hand of another daughter in marriage, cession of all territory west of the Euphrates, and a ransom for the royal women of 10,000 (Plutarch, Arrian) or 30,000 (Diodorus, Curtius, Justin) talents. An extensive correspondence, largely fictional, between Alexander and Dareius was in circulation in antiquity, and fragments of it occur in the papyri (cp. PSI, 12.1285). Much of if found a place in or contributed to the Alexander Romance. So Dareius gave up the attempt to reach an agreement with Alexander by diplomatic means and set to work on vast preparations for war. He re-equipped those who had lost their armour in the defeat and he enlisted others and assigned them to military units. He sent for the levies from the upper satrapies,These are listed by Arrian. 3.8.3-6. which he had previously left unemployed because of the
Plato, Republic, Book 8, section 544a (search)
but at any rate you were saying that the others are aberrations,Cf. Aristot.Pol. 1285 b 1-2, 1289 b 9. if this city is right. But regarding the other constitutions, my recollection is that you said there were four speciesAristot.Pol. 1291-1292 censures the limitation to four. But Cf. supra,Introd. p. xlv. Cf. Laws 693 D, where only two mother-forms of government are mentioned, monarchy and democracy, with Aristot.Pol. 1301 b 40DH=MOS KAI\ O)LIGARXI/A. Cf. also Eth. Nic. 1160 a 31 ff. The Politicus mentions seven (291 f., 301 f.). Isoc.Panath. 132-134 names three kinds—oligarchy, democracy, and monarch
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Entail of estate. (search)
Entail of estate. A disposition of esstates to certain classes of descendants in which the legal course of succession of some descendants is cut off. The earliest English law of entail is found in the statute of Westminster in 1285. In the United States this law came over with the general body of enactments known as the common law of England. Virginia abolished entail in 1776, and in recent years the laws governing such disposition of property have been gradually abandoned, and the purposes of entail are accomplished by other legal procedure. It is believed that Gardiner's Island, N. Y., is the only property in the United States now held entail by direct descendants of the grantee. See Gardiner, lion.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), John doe and Richard Roe, (search)
John doe and Richard Roe, Names used in legal fictions, especially as standing pledges for the prosecution of suits. In early times real and substantial persons were required to pledge themselves to answer to the crown for an amercement, or fine, set upon the plaintiff, for raising a false accusation, if he brought action without cause, or failed in it; and in 1285, 13 Edward I., sheriffs and bailiffs were, before deliverance of a distress, to receive pledges for pursuing a suit, and for the return of the property, if awarded. But this becoming a matter of form, the fictitious names of Doe and Roe were used until the form was abolished by the common-law procedure act, 1852. In the United States these names are used in place of the unknown real names of parties against whom legal proceedings have been undertaken; and the form Jane Doe is similarly applied in cases of women.
giveing him a crowne for it; and so, well satisfied, he went away. — Ibid., Oct. 5, 1664. Aquatint engraving invented by St. Non of France, 1662. Engraving in steel introduced into England by Perkins of Philadelphia, 1819. The earliest application of the wood-engraver's art in Europe was in cutting blocks for playingcards. The French writers ascribe it to the time of Charles V., but the Germans show cards of the date 1300. The Italians again claim that it originated in Ravenna, about 1285. An Italian pamphlet of the year 1299 speaks of cards as a gambling game, but these may have been drawn by the pen and colored by hand. In the year 1441 the Venetian government forbade the importation of stamped playing-cards as being injurious to their handicraft manufacture. Ugo di Carpi introduced the method of printing in colors or tints by separate successive blocks. Engraving on wood assumed the character of an art about 1440; the first impression, 1423. Improved by Durer, 1471 – 1
he edge of the river at Cordova, caused water to be brought from the mountains in tubes of lead, and gave orders for the building and erection of numerous fountains in different quarters of the city, with baths of marble. — Conde. Leaden pipes were used in England as early as A. D. 1236, and Henry III., about 1270, granted the citizens of London the liberty to convey water from the town of Tyburn to the city, by pipes made of lead. A leaden cistern, built round with stone, was erected in 1285. The length of lead-pipe then laid down, from Paddington to the Cross in Cheapside, was 1,096 rods. Cisterns and supply-pipes of lead were numerous in the fifteenth century. The art of casting them was invented by Rev. Robert Brooke, 1539. In 1582, the water-works of London Bridge were established by Peter Morice, and the water distributed by lead-pipes to certain parts of the city. In 1613, the New River, an open aqueduct 40 miles long, and having a fall of 3 inches to the mile, was
dless belt with brushes. The belt is moved by gear connection with the ground-wheels. Street-sweeper. Fig. 5989 has a pair of oblique brushes to gather a wide swath of dirt into a position to be swept up by the succeeding cylindrical brush. Ancient Rome had its cloacae, and so had its beautiful colony Augsburg; but the cleaning of streets, except in exceptional cases, as in the splendid capital of the Spanish Caliphs, Cordova, was in a beastly state of inefficiency. In Paris, in 1285, under Philip the Bold, an order was issued that each citizen should keep the street clean in front of his own house. In 1348 and 1388 stringent penalties were enacted against the remiss, and a dirt and garbage cart (un tombereau) was established. About the end of the fourteenth century the scavenger business became a regular trade. The government took charge of it in 1609, letting it out in contracts. Street-sweeping machine. The work has changed somewhat in its character by the in
e wood, preservation of. Wood′en pipe. Wooden pipes (canules ligni) were common in ancient Rome in ordinary structures. Lead was used for the superior class of work, in conducting the water of the aqueducts to the fountains and baths. See aqueduct. Lap-seam wooden pipe. Pipes made of elm logs, bored, were used for the mains in the London water-works from 1582, when Morice started the works at London Bridge, down to about 1800. Lead-pipes had previously been used, as early as 1285, in bringing water from the springs of Tyburn to the city, and were also used by Morice for distributing-pipes. When it was determined, about 1800, to replace the wooden mains by cast-iron pipes, the New River Company had 400 miles of wooden mains, which were taken up, and iron substituted, at the rate of twenty miles per annum. The iron mains vary from 1 to 3 feet in diameter. In the plan adopted at Ithaca. N Y., the pine or other lumber is sawed into lengths of proper thickness, and b
Edward L. Pierce, Memoir and letters of Charles Sumner: volume 4, Chapter 44: Secession.—schemes of compromise.—Civil War.—Chairman of foreign relations Committee.—Dr. Lieber.—November, 1860April, 1861. (search)
ed whenever the pro-slavery power should be overthrown. On this view they acted when they prohibited slavery in all the Territories by the statute which President Lincoln approved June 19, 1862. Mr. Adams supported his propositions and others of the committee of Thirty-three by votes in the House,—some of his colleagues from Massachusetts joining with him, but the greater number separating from him. McPherson's History of the Rebellion, pp. 57-62; Congressional Globe, pp. 1262-1264, 1284, 1285, 1327, 1328, 1330. In the House, John Sherman, Schuyler Colfax, and William Windom voted for the proposed constitutional amendment. John Sherman agreed with Adams as to the admission of New Mexico without the prohibition of slavery. R. H. Dana, Jr., in speeches at Manchester, N. H. (February 19), and Cambridge, Mass. (February 11), took substantially Adams's view. Boston Advertiser, February 20; Adams's Biography of Dana, vol. II. pp. 252, 253. Governor Andrew is also understood to have