hide Matching Documents

Browsing named entities in Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight). You can also browse the collection for 1565 AD or search for 1565 AD in all documents.

Your search returned 4 results in 3 document sections:

e represents forms of pinion wire. f shows faney forms of wire used with others as pins in the surface of a wooden block used in calico-printing. The essential feature of wire-drawing is the drawplate. This was probably known at Nuremberg early in the fourteenth century, and how much before is not apparent. The History of Augsburg, 1351, and that of Nuremberg, 1360, mention the wire-drawer (Drahzieher). The draw-plate was imported into France by Archal, and into England by Schultz (1565). The drawplate is probably an Oriental invention. The draw-plate is made of a cylindrical piece of cast-steel, one side being flatted off. Several holes of graduated sizes are punched through the plate from the flat side, and the holes are somewhat conical in form. The wire is cleaned of its oxide in a tumbling-box, and is then annealed. It is then drawn through as many of the holes in succession as may be necessary to bring it to the required size. The wire is occasionally annealed to
vate correspondence a paper of which the water-mark was a hog with a miter. The barbarous law of England imposing a duty on paper appears to have had a precedent in France under Charles IX., the author of the St. Bartholomew massacre, who, in 1565, levied an impost on that article, which was soon abolished at the instigation of the University of Paris. It appears that wall-paper, as a substitute for tapestry or hangings, began to come into vogue about the year 1640. It does not appearand afterward an alloy of lead an tin was used. Pliny refers to the use of lead for ruling lines on papyrus. La Moine cites a document of 1387 ruled with graphite. Slips of graphite in wooden sticks (pencils) are mentioned by Gesner, Zurich, in 1565; he credits England with the production. They were doubtless the product of the Borrowdale mine, then lately discovered. In the early part of the seventeenth century, black-lead pencils are distinctly described by several writers. They are noti
at it is of the common stock. The genus Nicotiana belongs to the Solanaceoe, which includes the nightshade, potato, and tomato. The name Nicotiana is derived from Jean Nicot, the minister of France in Portugal, 1660, who first made the plant known in France. It has been conjectured that the Asiatic variety is derived from China, which has been regarded as another center of production. The probabilities are against the supposition. It was introduced into England by Sir John Hawkins in 1565, and by Sir Walter Raleigh and Sir Francis Drake in 1586. The practice was made the butt of the wits, the object of denunciation by the clergy, and the subject of a pamphlet by the silly King James I., who published his Counterblaste to tobacco. Its use was condemned by kings, popes, and sultans, and smokers were condemned to various cruel punishments. The manufacture of tobacco depends upon the kind of tobacco and the article required. Cigars are made of the best, which is grown on soi