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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing) 2 2 Browse Search
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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Elizabeth, Queen of England (search)
fifty of the Spanish ships were wrecked. On the death of Leicester the Queen showed decided partiality for the Earl of Essex. Her treatment and final consent to the execution, by beheading, of Mary, Queen of Scots, has left a stain on the memory of Elizabeth. She assisted the Protestant Henry IV. of France in his struggle with the French Roman Catholics, whom Philip of Spain subsidized. Her reign was vigorous, and is regarded as exceedingly beneficial to the British nation. Literature was fostered, and it was illustrated during her reign by such men as Spenser, Shakespeare, Sidney, Bacon, and Raleigh. Elizabeth was possessed of eminent ability and courage, but her personal character was deformed by selfishness, inconstancy, deceit, heartlessness, and other un- Queen Elizabeth. womanly faults. She signified her will on her death-bed that James VI. of Scotland, son of the beheaded Mary, should be her successor, and he was accordingly crowned as such. She died March 24, 1603.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), James I., 1566- (search)
a prodigy of authorship. He thought, and said, that a king had a right to make and unmake what laws he pleased, and ought to be accountable to nobody on earth. This is the plain, true character of the personage whom the greatest men about the Court praised and flattered to that degree that I doubt if there be anything more shameful in the annals of human nature! James was the sixth King of Scotland of that name, and came to the throne of England, after experiencing many vicissitudes, March 24, 1603. He was regarded as a Presbyterian king, and the Puritans expected not only the blessings of toleration and protection for themselves, but even hope for supremacy among the religionists of the realm. Soon after his accession, James called a conference of divines at Hampton Court. He was chief actor at that conference, in the role of brute and mountebank. Some of the Puritan divines ranked among the brightest scholars in the land. They were greatly annoyed by the coarse browbeating