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Browsing named entities in Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing). You can also browse the collection for 1612 AD or search for 1612 AD in all documents.

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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Baffin, William, 1584- (search)
Baffin, William, 1584- Navigator; said to have been born in London about 1584. He made voyages to West Greenland in 1612-15, and to Spitzbergen in 1614. In 1616 he commanded a vessel which reached, it is said, lat. 81° 30‘ N., and is supposed to have ascertained the limits of the great bay that bears his name. He was the author of two books, in the first of .which he gave a new method of discovering the longitude at sea by an observation of the stars. He was killed by the Portuguese at the siege of Ormuz, May 23, 16
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Biard, Peter, 1565-1622 (search)
Biard, Peter, 1565-1622 Missionary; born in Grenoble, France, in 1565; came to America as a missionary priest of the Jesuits in 1611(; ascended the Kennebec River, and made friends with the natives in 1612; went up the Penobscot River and started a mission among the natives there in the following year; and soon afterwards founded a colony on \Mount Desert Island, which was destroyed by Samuel, Argall (q. v.). In this attack by the English Biard was taken prisoner, and the act was one of the earliest causes of the hostilities between the colonists in America from France and England. Father Biard was author of Relations de la nouvelle France, which was the first work in the historical series known as the Jesuit relations. He died in France in 1622.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Champlain, Samuel de 1567-1635 (search)
ded the Sorel to the Chambly Rapids, whence Champlain proceeded in a canoe and discovered a great lake, and gave it his own name. On its borders he fought and defeated the Iroquois, who fled in terror before the fire of his arquebuses. He returned to France, but went back in 1610, and the same year was wounded by an arrow in a fight with the Iroquois. Again returning to France, he, at the age Champlain's fortified residence at Quebec. of forty-four years, married a girl of twelve; and in 1612 he went back to Canada, with the title and powers of lieutenant-governor, under the Prince of Conde, who had succeeded De Soissons, the successor to De Monts, as viceroy. In 1815 he started on his famous expedition to the Onondaga Indians. He followed Father Le Caron and his party to Lake Huron, to which he gave the name of Mer Douce. Returning across the great forests, he sailed with several hundred canoes down a stream into the Bay of Quinte, and entered the broad Lake Ontario, which
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Charles I. 1600- (search)
Charles I. 1600- King of England; second son of James I.; was born at Dunfermline, Scotland, Nov. 19, 1600. The death of his elder brother, Henry, in 1612, made him heir-apparent to the throne, which he ascended as King in 1625. He sought the hand of the infanta of Spain, but finally married (1625) Henrietta Maria, daughter of Henry IV. of France. She was a Roman Catholic, and had been procured for Charles by the infamous Duke of Buckingham, whose influence over the young King was disastrous to England and to the monarch himself. Charles was naturally a good man, but his education, especially concerning the doctrine of the divine right of kings and the sanctity of the royal prerogative, led to an outbreak in England which cost him his life. Civil war began in 1641, and ended with his execution at the beginning of 1649. His reign was at first succeeded by the rule of the Long Parliament, and then by Cromwell—halfmonarch, called the Protector. After various vicissitudes
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Cotton, John 1585-1652 (search)
Cotton, John 1585-1652 Clergyman; born in Derby, England, Dec. 4, 1585; became minister of St. Botolph's Church, Boston, Lincolnshire, about 1612, and remained there, a noted preacher and controversialist, for twenty years, constantly leaning towards Puritanism. For his non-conformity he was cited to appear before Archbishop Laud, when he fled to America, arriving in Boston in September, 1633. He was soon afterwards ordained a colleague with Mr. Wilson in the Boston Church. His ministry there for nineteen years was so influential that he has been called The patriarch of New England. He was a firm opponent of Roger Williams, and defended the authority of ministers and magistrates. He and Davenport were invited to assist in the assembly of divines at Westminster, but were dissuaded from going by Hooker. He died in Boston, Dec. 23, 1652. God's promise to his plantations.— The following sermon, to which a large historical importance has been given, was preached in England, a
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), De Monts, Sieur (Pierre De Gast) (search)
g Champlain and Pont-Greve to make further explorations. There was a struggle for rule and existence at Port Royal for a few years. Poutrincourt returned to France for recruits for his colony. Jesuit priests who accompanied him on his return to Acadia (Nova Scotia) claimed the right to supreme rule by virtue of their holy office. Poutrincourt resisted their claim stoutly, saying, It is my part to rule you on earth; it is your part to guide me to heaven. When he finally left Port Royal (1612) in charge of his son, the Jesuit priests made the same claim on the fiery young Poutrincourt, who threatened them with corporal punishment, when they withdrew to Mount Desert Island and set up a cross in token of sovereignty. They were there in 1613, when Samuel Argall, a freebooter of the seas, went, under the sanction of the governor of Virginia, to drive the French from Acadia as intruders on the soil of a powerful English company. The Jesuits at Mount Desert, it is said, thirsting for
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Gookin, Daniel 1612-1687 (search)
Gookin, Daniel 1612-1687 Military officer; born in Kent, England, about 1612; removed to Virginia with his father in 1621; settled in Cambridge, Mass., in 1644; became major-general of the colony in 1681. He was author of Historical collections of the Indians of Massachusetts. He died in Cambridge, Mass., March 19, 1687. Gookin, Daniel 1612-1687 Military officer; born in Kent, England, about 1612; removed to Virginia with his father in 1621; settled in Cambridge, Mass., in 1644; became major-general of the colony in 1681. He was author of Historical collections of the Indians of Massachusetts. He died in Cambridge, Mass., March 19, 1687.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), James I., 1566- (search)
latical revilings and persecutions of the Puritans by the Stuarts and the hierarchy which drove the Puritans, in large numbers, to seek asylum in the wilds of North America. The King's gross, ill manners and bad personal appearance made an unfavorable impression on the English people. He had trouble with Parliament and with the religionists of his realm from the beginning of his reign. Glad to get rid of troublesome subjects, he readily granted charters for settlements in America; and in 1612 two heretics were burned in England, the last execution of that kind that occurred in that country. His son Henry, Prince of Wales, died the same year, and his daughter Elizabeth was married to the Elector Palatine in 1613. His treatment of Sir Walter Raleigh, whom he caused to be beheaded (October, 1618), was disgraceful to human nature; his foreign policy, also, was disgraceful to the English name. Fickle, treacherous, conceited, and arbitrary, his whole life was an example to be avoide
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), London Company, the (search)
northward to Chesapeake Bay; the offices of president and council in Virginia were abolished, and all laws for the government of the colony were to be passed by the supreme council in England, and administered by persons appointed by that body. The colonists were really vassals, without any recognized power to remove the yoke from their necks. The rule of the appointed governor was absolute, and they were compelled to share a certain portion of their net earnings with the proprietors. In 1612 a third charter was obtained by the London Company, by which the control of the King in their affairs was annulled, the supreme council was abolished, and the whole company, sitting as a democratic assembly, elected the officers and ordained laws for the colonists, who remained without political rights. In spite of their disabilities, the Virginians flourished under the new order of things. The seeds of representative government were then sown, and in 1621 the company gave the colonists a w
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Manhattan Island, (search)
a tribe of Indians which they first found there, who were called Mannahatans. The popular story that the name signifies place of drunkenness, and that it was given because there the Indians were made drunk by Verrazano (1524) or Hudson (1609), is apocryphal. When Peter Minuit reached New Netherland as governor (1626), he purchased the island of the natives for the Dutch West India Company for the value of sixty guilders (about $24), and paid for it in trinkets, hatchets, knives, etc. About 1612 Capt. Hendrick Christiansen carried some rabbits and goats from Holland to Manhattan, but they were poisoned by the herbage growing there, and it was a long time before any domestic animals were seen on the island excepting cats and dogs. In Landing of the Dutch settlers on Manhattan Island. the winter of 1613-14, Captain Block built a ship there—the beginning of the merchant marine of New York—and there the first permanent settlers within the domain of New York State first landed. The
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