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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
2), and evaded the proposed introduction to the emperor M. Aurelius for fear lest his return to Asia should be thereby hindered (ibid. pp. 647, 648). This resolution may have been somewhat hastened by the breaking out of the pestilence at Rome, A. D. 167 (De Libr. Propr.100.1. vol.xix. p.15), and accordingly he left the city privately, and set sail at Brundusium. (De Praenot. ad Epig. 100.9. vol. xiv. p. 648.) He reached his native country in his thirtyeighth year, A. D. 167-8 (De Libr. Propr. A. D. 167-8 (De Libr. Propr. 100.2. vol. xix. p. 16), and resumed his ordinary course of life; but had scarcely done so, when there arrived a summons from the emperors M. Aurelius and L. Verus to attend them at Aquileia in Venetia, the chief bulwark of Italy on its north-eastern frontier, whither they had both gone in person to make preparations for the war with the northern tribes (De Libr. Propr. 1. c. p. 17, 18; De Praenot. ad Epig. 100.9. vol. xiv. p. 649, 650), and where they intended to pass the winter. He travelled
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Justi'nus Martyr (search)
that the date and manner of it were never known: the Greek Menaea (a. d. 1 Junii) state that he drank hemlock. His death is generally considered to have taken place in the persecution under the emperor Marcus Antoninus; and the Chronicon Paschale, (vol.i. p. 258, ed. Paris, 207, ed. Venice, 482, ed Bonn), which is followed by Tillemont, Baronius, Pagi, Otto, and other moderns, places it in the consulship of Orphitus and Pudens, A. D. 165; Dupin and Semisch place it in A. D. 166, Fleury in A. D. 167, and Tillemont and Maran in A. D. 168. Papebroche (Acta Sanctorum, April. vol. ii. p. 107), assigning the Apologia Secunda of Justin to the year 171, contends that he must have lived to or beyond that time. Dodwell, on the contrary, following the erroneous statement of Eusebius in his Chronicon, places his death in the reign of Antoninus Pius; and Epiphanius, according to the present reading of the passage already referred to, which is most likely corrupt, places it in the reign of the emp
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Polycarpus (search)
ted, in order to consume his lifeless body. His ashes were collected by the pious care of the Christians of his flock, and deposited in a suitable place of interment. The day and year of Polycarp's martyrdom are involved in considerable doubt. Samuel Petit places it in A. D. 175; Usher, Pagi, and Bollandus, in A. D. 169 ; Eusebius (Chronicon) places it earlier, in the seventh year of Marcus Aurelius, who acceded to the throne, 7th March, A. D. 161; Scaliger, Le Moyne, and Cave, place it in A. D. 167; Tillemont in 166; the Chronicon Puschalein the consulship of Aelianus and Pastor, A. D. 163; and Pearson, who differs widely from all other critics, in A. D. 147, in the reign of Titus Antoninus Pius. Pearson brings various reasons in support of his opinion, which reasons are examined by Tillemont in one of his careful and elaborate notes. Polycarp is reverenced as a saint both by the Greek and Romish Churches; by the former on the 23d of February, by the latter on the 26th of January, or