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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 2 2 Browse Search
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing) 1 1 Browse Search
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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Edict of Nantes, the, (search)
Edict of Nantes, the, An edict promulgated by Henry IV. of France, which gave toleration to the Protestants in feuds, civil and religious, and ended the religious wars of the country. It was published April 13, 1598, and was confirmed by Louis XIII. in 1610, after the murder of his father; also by Louis XIV. in 1652; but it was revoked by him, Oct. 22, 1685. It was a great state blunder, for it deprived France of 500,000 of her best citizens, who fled into Germany, England, and America, and gave those countries the riches that flow from industry, skill, and sobriety. They took with them to England the art of silk-weaving, and so gave France an important rival in that branch of industry.
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), C. (search)
rs the cloth is passed to give it the finish and luster desired. Cloth which was formerly calendered by burnishing with a smooth flint-stone, is now glazed by passing between rollers, one of which moves slower than the other, so that a rubbing action is obtained. The machine was introduced into England by the Huguenots about 1685, on the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. This edict was granted to the Protestants of France by Henry IV., April 13, 1598, and revoked by Louis XIV., October 22, 1685. They scattered to England, to Charleston, S. C., and other places, taking their industry and their skill with them. The fabric is first damped by passing it slowly over the damping or degging machine, containing a circular brush, the points of which, as they rapidly revolve, just touch the surface of the water and dash a cloud of fine spray against the cloth, by which it is uniformly damped. It is then ready for calendering. By means of a weighted lever, or by screws on top of
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), G. (search)
of making felted fabrics was reintroduced into Europe by the Tartar hordes who took Thrace and Adrianople in 1361, and under Bajazet overran the provinces of the Eastern Empire before the end of that century. The arts of making silk and other fine goods, crystal glasses, and jewelry, were carried to the Netherlands and to England by the Revocation of the Ediet of Nantes, granted by Henry IV. in 1598, confirmed by Louis XI. in 1610, and Louis XIV. in 1652, and revoked by Louis XIV., Oct. 22, 1685. Fifty thousand Protestant families left France for more tolerant countries, and the world is the better off from the diffusion of their skill. The more closely we examine the record, the more do we discover our indebtedness to the East; and the extreme East seems to have been the primary fountain of our industrial civilization. The use of an explosive compound, pulvis nitratus, is mentioned in an Arabic writing in the Escurial collection, datiing about 1249. The Moors used it in