Browsing named entities in Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing). You can also browse the collection for 1770 AD or search for 1770 AD in all documents.

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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Liberty, song of (search)
Liberty, song of The title of a song that was sung throughout the colonies for several years before the Revolutionary War broke out. It was very popular, for it touched the hearts of the people at that time. It was published in Bickerstaff's Boston almanac for 1770, with the music as given below. The Almanac for that year contained on its title-page a rude type-metal engraving of a likeness of James Otis. The portrait of the patriot is supported by Liberty on one side and Hercules on the other. Come swallow your bumpers, ye Tories, and roar, That the Sons of fair Freedom are hampered once more; But know that no Cutthroats our spirits can tame, Nor a host of Oppressors shall smother the flame. In Freedom we're born, and, like Sons of the brave, Will never surrender, But swear to defend her, And scorn to survive if unable to save. Our grandsires, bless'd heroes, we'll give them a tear, Nor sully their honors by stooping to fear; Through deaths and through dangers their Tr
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Loudoun, John Campbell, fourth Earl of 1705-1782 (search)
r-in-chief of the British forces in America in 1756. Leaving his lieutenant, Dinwiddie, to govern the province, he paid attention to military affairs, in which his indolence, indecision, and general inefficiency were most John Campbell Loudon. conspicuous, and worked disasters. Franklin said of him: He is like little St. George on the sign-boards, always on horseback, but never goes forward. He was recalled in 1757, and returned to England. In 1758 he was made lieutenant-general, and in 1770 general. He died in Scotland, April 27, 1782. According to his instructions, the Earl of Loudoun demanded of the authorities of New York City free quarters for himself, his officers, and 1,000 men. Your demand is contrary to the laws of England and the liberties of America, said the mayor of the city. Free quarters are everywhere usual. I assert it on my honor, which is the highest evidence you can require, answered the haughty earl. The mayor was firm, and Loudoun determined to make
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Manufactures, colonial (search)
arly period regarded the North American colonies, particularly those of New England, as their rivals in navigation and trade. Child declared that there is nothing more prejudicial, and in prospect more dangerous to any mother-kingdom, than the increase of shipping in her colonies, plantations, and provinces. Dr. Davenant, who wrote later, was in accordance with these views of Child. The proceedings of the British government were generally in accordance with the views of these writers. It is believed that Adam Smith (1770) was the first English writer who dared to deny, not only the policy, but the justice of these features in the British colonial system. In his Wealth of Nations, he says, after giving an outline of that system: To prohibit a great people, however, from making all they can of every part of their own produce, or from employing their stock and industry in the way they judge most advantageous to themselves, is a manifest violation of the most sacred rights of mankind.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Monckton, Robert 1742-1782 (search)
Monckton, Robert 1742-1782 Colonial governor; born in England; was son of the first Viscount Galway, and began his military life in Flanders in 1742. In 1754 he was governor of Annapolis (Port Royal), Nova Scotia; assisted in the reduction of the French power in that peninsula, and was lieutenant-governor of Nova Scotia in 1756. He commanded a battalion at the siege of Louisburg in 1758, and the next year he was second in command under General Wolfe at the capture of Quebec, where he acted as brigadier-general, and was severely wounded. In 1761 he was made major-general, and the next year governor of New York. He commanded the expedition against Martinique in 1762; was a member of Parliament in 1768; made lieutenant-general in 1770, and was offered the command of the British forces in America in 1775, but he declined to draw his sword against British subjects. He died in England, May 3, 1782. Monetary reform
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Non-importation acts. (search)
nd, dissolved the House. The members met the next day in the Raleigh Tavern, in Williamsburg, formed themselves into a voluntary convention, with Peyton Randolph as chairman, drew up and signed an agreement against the importation of merchandise from Great Britain, and recommended such a course to the people, and then repaired to their several counties. All who participated affirmatively in the proceedings of the convention were re-elected to the next General Assembly. Towards the close of 1770, however, the merchants began to be lax in the observance of non-importation agreements, and at a meeting in Boston in October it was resolved to import everything but tea. Merchants in other cities followed their example. These associations, while having a powerful political effect, brought about many salutary social reforms among the people of the colonies, by causing the discontinuance of many extravagant customs which involved large expenditures of money, and needed lessons of strict eco
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), North, Frederick 1733-1792 (search)
ade a lengthened tour on the Continent. In 1754 he entered Parliament for Banbury, which he represented almost thirty years; and entered the cabinet under Pitt, in 1759, as commissioner of the treasury. He warmly supported the Stamp Act (1764-65) and the right of Parliament to tax the colonies. In 1766 he was appointed paymaster of the forces, and the next year was made chancellor of the exchequer, succeeding Charles Townshend as leader of the House of Commons. He became prime minister in 1770, and he held that post during the American Revolutionary War. In February, 1775, Lord North received information from Benjamin Franklin (q. v.), which greatly disheartened him, and he dreaded a war with the colonists which his encouragement of the King's obstinacy was provoking, and, armed with the King's consent in writing, he proposed, in the House of Commons, a plan for conciliation. It was on the general plan, if the colonies would tax themselves to the satisfaction of the ministry, Parl
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Oliver, Andrew 1706-1774 (search)
Oliver, Andrew 1706-1774 Governor; born in Boston, March 28, 1706; graduated at Harvard in 1724; a representative in the General Court from 1743 to 1746; one of his Majesty's council from 1746 to 1765; secretary of the province from 1756 to 1770; and succeeded Hutchinson (his brother-inlaw) as lieutenant-governor. In 1765 he was hung in effigy because he was a stamp distributer, and his course in opposition to the patriotic party in Boston caused him to share the unpopularity of Hutchinson. His letters, with those of Hutchinson, were sent by Franklin to Boston, and created great commotion there. He died in Boston, March 3, 1774. See Hutchinson, Thomas.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Osgood, Samuel 1748- (search)
Osgood, Samuel 1748- Statesman; born in Andover, Mass., Feb. 14, 1748; graduated at Harvard University in 1770; studied theology, and became a merchant. An active patriot, he was a member of the Provincial Congress of Massachusetts and of various committees; was a captain at Cambridge in 1775, and aide to General Artemas Ward, and became a member of the Massachusetts board of war. He left the army in 1776 with the rank of colonel, and served in his provincial and State legislature. He was a member of Congress from 1780 to 1784; first commissioner of the United States treasury from 1785 to 1789, and United States Postmaster-General from 1789 to 1791. He afterwards served in the New York legislature, and was speaker of the Assembly from 1801 to 1803. From 1803 until his death, in New York City, Aug. 12, 1813, lie was naval officer of the port of New York. Mr. Osgood was well versed in science and literature.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Oswald, Eleazar 1755-1795 (search)
Oswald, Eleazar 1755-1795 Military officer; born in England about 1755; came to America in 1770 or 1771; served under Arnold in the expedition against Ticonderoga and became his secretary; and at the siege of Quebec he commanded with great skill the forlorn hope after Arnold was wounded. In 1777 he was made lieutenant-colonel of Lamb's artillery regiment, and for his bravery at the battle of Monmouth General Knox highly praised him. Soon after that battle he left the service and engaged in the printing and publishing business in Philadelphia, where he was made public printer. Oswald challenged General Hamilton to fight a duel in 1789, but the quarrel was adjusted. In business in England in 1792, he went to France, joined the French army, and commanded a regiment of artillery. He died in New York, Sept. 30, 1795.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Peale, Charles Wilson 1741-1827 (search)
Peale, Charles Wilson 1741-1827 Painter; born in Chestertown, Md., April 16, 1741; was at first apprenticed to a saddler, and afterwards carried on that business, as well as silversmith, watch-maker, and carver. He finally became a portrait-painter, and was a good sportsman, naturalist, preserver of animals, an inventor, and was the first dentist in the country who made sets of artificial teeth. He took Charles Wilson Peale. instructions from Copley, in Boston, in 1770-71; studied at the Royal Academy in London; and in 1772 painted the first portrait of Washington ever executed, in the costume of a Virginia colonel, and at the same time painted a miniature of Mrs. Washington. He did military service and carried on portrait-painting during the Revolutionary War, and for fifteen years he was the only portrait-painter in America. He made a portrait gallery of Revolutionary worthies, and opened, in Philadelphia, the first museum in the country, and was the first to give lectures
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