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George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 6, 10th edition. 5 5 Browse Search
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing) 1 1 Browse Search
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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Slavery. (search)
to suppress the traffic in African slaves, and in 1761 it was proposed in her legislature to suppress the importation of Africans by levying a prohibitory duty. Danger to the political interest of that colony was foreboded by her wisest men in the continuance of the trade. An act for levying the tax was passed by the Assembly, but in England it met the fate of similar bills from other colonies to suppress the nefarious traffic. It was sent back with a veto. The King in council, on Dec. 10, 1770, issued an instruction, under his own hand, commanding the governor of Virginia, upon pain of the highest displeasure, to assent to no law by which the importation of slaves should be in any respect prohibited or obstructed. In 1772 the Virginia Assembly earnestly discussed the question, How shall we get rid of the great evil? Jefferson, Henry, Lee, and other leading men anxiously desired to rid the colony of it. The interest of the country, it was said, manifestly requires the total e
walk, Boston Gazette, 31 Dec, 1770. formed with a corporal in front, and Preston following. William Whittington, Trial, 74; Preston's Case. With bayonets fixed, they haughtily rushed through the people, Samuel Adams in Boston Gazette, 10 Dec. 1770. upon the trot, cursing them, and pushing them as they went along. They found about ten persons round the sentry, Chap XLIII.} 1770. March while about fifty or sixty came down with them. For God's sake, said Knox, holding Preston by the cid you not know, that you should not have fired without the order of a Chap XLIII.} 1770. March civil Magistrate? asked Hutchinson on meeting Preston. I did it, answered Preston, to save my men. Vindex, Samuel Adams, in Boston Gazette, 10 Dec. 1770, and 14 Jan. 1771. The people would not be pacified, till the regiment was confined to the guard-room and the barracks; and Hutchinson himself gave assurances that instant inquiries should be made by the County Magistrates. The body of th
h larger salaries, to be paid directly by the Crown. The Chief Justice, who was a manufacturer, wanted, moreover, money in the shape of pay for some refuse cannon balls which the Province had refused to buy. Hutchinson to General Gage, Boston, 31 March, 1771. The trial of the soldiers, which followed a few weeks after, resulted in a verdict of manslaughter against each one of them who could be proved to have fired. Hutchinson to Sir Francis Bernard, 6 Dec. 1770, and more fully, 10 Dec. 1770. If there had been evidence of all having fired, they would have convicted all of manslaughter; but it was agreed on all hands, that no more than seven guns were fired, consequently one was innocent. Two, as several witnesses swore, fired and killed three men. Of the other six, there was no certainty which fired. If they had all been convicted, the jury would certainly have found one guilty who was innocent, and they chose five guilty should escape rather than one innocent be convicted.
sed laws, restraining the importations of negroes from Africa; but their laws were disallowed. How to prevent them from protecting themselves against the increase of the overwhelming evil was debated by the King in Council, and on the tenth day of December, 1770, he issued an instruction, under his own hand, commanding the Governor, upon pain of the highest displeasure, to assent to no law, by which the importation of slaves should be in any respect prohibited or obstructed. Order in Council of 9 December, 1770. George R. Additional instructions to our Lieutenant and Governor General, of our Colony and Dominion of Virginia in America, 10 December, 1770. In April 1772, this rigorous order was solemnly debated in the Assembly of Virginia. They were very anxious for an Act to restrain the introduction of people, the number of whom already in the Colony, gave them just cause to apprehend the most dangerous consequences, and therefore made it necessary that they should fall upon means