Named Entity Results, 1771 AD

Russell, Jonathan 1771-1832 Diplomatist; born in Providence, R. I., in 1771; graduated at Brown University in 1791; studied law; but became a merchant, and his taste led him into political life, though he never sought office. He was one of the commissioners who negotiated the treaty at Ghent, in 1814; and after that was United States minister at Stockholm, Sweden, for several years. On his return to the United States, he settled at Mendon, Mass., which district he represented in Congres1771; graduated at Brown University in 1791; studied law; but became a merchant, and his taste led him into political life, though he never sought office. He was one of the commissioners who negotiated the treaty at Ghent, in 1814; and after that was United States minister at Stockholm, Sweden, for several years. On his return to the United States, he settled at Mendon, Mass., which district he represented in Congress in 1821-23. Although he was a forcible and elegant writer, little is known of his literary productions excepting an oration delivered in Providence on July 4, 1800, and his published correspondence while in Europe. He died in Milton, Mass., Feb. 19, 1832.

Sandeman, Robert 1718-1771 Reformer; born in Perth, Scotland, in 1718; educated in the University of Edinburgh; founded a sect resembling Calvinism, but with the distinction that faith was a mere intellectual belief, a bare belief of the bare truth. The sect fell into two divisions, the Baptist Sandemanians, who practised baptism, and the Osbornites, who rejected it. In 1764 he came to the United States and founded societies in Boston, Mass., and Danbury, Conn. The Sandemanians were generally loyalists during the Revolution. Sandeman published a series of letters addressed to James Hervey on his Theron and Aspasio. He died in Danbury, Conn., April 2, 1771.

rd Law School in 1847; practised in his native city. He was the author of History of an expedition against Fort Duquesne in 1775, under Major-General Braddock, edited from original manuscripts; The loyalist poetry of the Revolution; The journal of the General meeting of the Cincinnati; Life and career of Maj. John Andre; The Confederate States and slavery, etc. He died in Paris, France, May 18, 1870. Military officer; born in Gloucester, Mass., May 1, 1753; graduated at Harvard College in 1771; entered the military service in 1775; and became captain of Knox's artillery regiment in March, 1776, serving with it during the war, and engaging in the principal battles in the North, attaining the rank of major. Connected with the Ohio Company in 1786, Congress appointed him surveyor of the Northwest Territory, and he was made its first secretary. He was St. Clair's adjutant-general at the time of his defeat in 1791, when he was wounded; and was adjutant-general and inspector of Wayne'

rican colonies (see navigation acts) by Great Britain almost stifled it at its birth. The commerce of the colonies, if left free, would have fostered an extensive business in ship-building. An English author, in 1670, wrote: Our American plantations employ nearly two-thirds of our English shipping, and thereby give constant subsistence to, it may be, 200,000 persons here at home. Notwithstanding these View in a New England ship-yard. restrictions, there were built, in the aggregate, in 1771, in the thirteen colonies, 128 square-rigged vessels and 241 sloops and schooners, with an aggregate tonnage of 24,068. Ship-building had become a very extensive industry in our country when the Civil War (1861-65) broke out. The Anglo-Confederate cruisers drove much of the American carrying-trade into foreign bottoms, and ship-building in the United States was for many years a much-depressed industry; but since 1890 it has been unusually active under the impetus given by the United States go

Smith, Samuel 1752- Military officer; born in Lancaster, Pa., July 27, 1752; went to Baltimore with his father in 1760, and, receiving a common school education, entered his father's counting-room in 1771. and soon afterwards visited Europe in one of his father's vessels. He joined a volunteer company, and became captain in Smallwood's regiment in January, 1776; was in the battle of Long Island; was distinguished on Harlem Plains; and was wounded at White Plains. Captain Smith was in the retreat of Washington to the Delaware late in 1776; was lieutenant-colonel of a Maryland regiment in 1777; fought at Brandywine; and immediately afterwards was placed in command of Fort Mifflin, which weak and exposed work he gallantly defended from Sept. 26 to Nov. 11 against a British naval and land force; and in that affray was severely wounded. In the ensuing winter he suffered at Valley Forge; took an active part in the battle of Monmouth; and continued to do duty as a colonel of militia

Socialism, A word now employed in several different senses. Loosely, it includes all schemes for abolishing social inequality, and in this sense it is generally distinguished as utopian socialism, under which designation communities like those of the Essenes, the early Christians, and the Shakers in the United States at the present day, and the ideal commonwealths of Plato, More, and Harington, are to be classed. St. Simon (1760-1825), Owen (1771-1858), and Fourier (1768-1830) were the leading modern Utopians. Scientific socialism is an economic theory which affirms that the materials from which labor produces wealth—i. e., the land—should be the property of the community, not of individuals forming a separate class. Socialists also demand that the existing capital, having (as they contend) been unjustly appropriated by the landholding class or its assignees, be restored, with the land, to the community. It vests all authority in the hands of delegates elected by the communit