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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing) 3 3 Browse Search
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 10 1 1 Browse Search
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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Butler, John, 1776-1794 (search)
Butler, John, 1776-1794 Tory leader; born in Connecticut; was in official communication with the Johnsons in the Mohawk Valley before the Revolutionary War, and was colonel of a militia regiment in Tryon county, N. Y. In 1776 he organized a band of motley marauders — white men and Indians, the former painted and behaving like savages. He was in command of them in the battle of Oriskany (q. v.), and of 1.100 men who desolated the Wyoming Valley in July, 1778. He fought Sullivan in the Indian country in central New York, in 1779, and accompanied Sir John Johnson in his raid on the Schoharie and Mohawk settlements in 1780. After the war, Butler went to Canada, and was rewarded by the British government with places of emolument and a pension. He died in Niagara in 1794. His son, Walter, was a ferocious Tory. and was killed during the wa
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Estaing, Charles Henry Theodat, Count Da, 1729- (search)
staing, Charles Henry Theodat, Count Da, 1729- Naval officer; born in Auvergne, France, in 1729; guillotined in Paris, April 28, 1794; was colonel of a French Charles Henry Theodat D'estaing. regiment in 1748; brigadier-general in 1756; and served in the French fleet after 1757, joining the East India squadron under Count Lally. Made lieutenantgeneral in 1763 and vice-admiral in 1778, he was sent to America with a strong naval force to assist the patriots, arriving in Delaware Bay in July, 1778. As soon as his destination became known in England, a British fleet, under Admiral Byron, was sent to follow him across the Atlantic. It did not arrive at New York until late in the season. Byron proceeded to attack the French fleet in Boston Harbor. His vessels were dispersed by a storm, and D'Estaing, his ships perfectly refitted, sailed (Nov. 1, 1778) for the West Indies, then, as between England and France, the principal seat of war. On the same day 5,000 British troops sailed f
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Neutrality. (search)
tions, and all the others courted the friendship of its empress, Catharine II., who was able and powerful. Great Britain tried to induce her to become an ally against France. Catharine coquetted a long time with King George, while her sympathies were with Sweden, Denmark, and Holland. Their neutral ships were continually interfered with by British sea-rovers, whose acts were justified by the British government. France had gained the good — will of the Northern powers by a proclamation (July, 1778) of protection to all neutral vessels going to or from a hostile port with contraband goods whose value did not exceed threefourths of the whole cargo. From that time until the beginning of 1780 the insolence of British cruisers and the tone of the British ministers offended the Northern powers. The tone was often insulting. When the Dutch, said Lord North, say We maritime powers, it reminds me of the cobbler who lived next door to the lord mayor, and used to say, My neighbor and I.
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 10, Chapter 17: (search)
s like a harvest cut before it is ripe; the grain has shrunk; and he lamented the want of a clause against the continuance of domestic slavery. Still the declaration of independence was incorporated into the constitution of New York; and all its great statesmen were abolitionists. It has already been narrated that, in 1777, the 1777. people of Vermont, in separating themselves formally and finally from the jurisdiction of New York, framed a constitution which prohibited slavery. In July, 1778, William Livingston, the governor of 1778. New Jersey, invited the assembly to lay the foundation for the manumission of the negroes. At the request of the house, which thought the situation too critical for the immediate discussion of the measure, the message was withdrawn. But I am determined, wrote the governor, as far as my influence extends, to push the matter till it is effected, being convinced that the practice is utterly inconsistent with the principles of Christianity and huma