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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing) 2 2 Browse Search
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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Pierce, Franklin 1804-1869 (search)
Pierce, Franklin 1804-1869 Fourteenth President of the United States, from 1853 to 1857; Democrat; born in Hillsboro, N. H., Nov. 23, 1804; graduated at Bowdoin College in 1824; became a lawyer; was admitted to the bar in 1827, and made his permanent residence at Concord in 1838. He was in Congress from 1833 to 1837; United States Senator from 1837 to 1842; served first as colonel of United States Infantry in the war against Mexico, and as brigadier-general, under Scott, in 1847, leading a large reinforcement for that general's army on its march for the Mexican capital. In June, 1852, the Democratic Convention nominated him for President of the United States, and he was elected in November (see cabinet, President's). President Pierce favored the pro-slavery party in Kansas, and in January, 1856, in a message to Congress, he denounced the formation of a free-State government in Kansas as an act of rebellion. During the Civil War ex-President Pierce was in full sympathy with the
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Speaker of Congress, the (search)
bsent, or excused by the House. The committee to whom this motion was referred reported in favor of the motion except that the election should be by a majority of the committee. The House, after debate, refused to agree to the resolution by a vote of 50 yeas and 69 nays. Immediately a motion was made that all committees should choose their own chairman, but this with another similar motion failed. But the question would not down, and finally the following standing rule was adopted, Nov. 23, 1804: That the first-named member of any committee appointed by the speaker of the House shall be the chairman, and, in case of his absence, or being excused by the House, the next named member, and so on, as often as the case shall happen, unless the committee shall, by a majority of their number, elect a chairman. It does not appear that any chairman has been so elected save in the original case, where the committee was carrying out the wishes of the speaker. One contingency, ho