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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), California (search)
of Humboldt, Los Angeles, San Diego, and San Francisco, imports of merchandise, $49,441,831; exports, $43,361,078; imports of gold and silver coin and bullion, $13,734,348; exports, $9,528,309. The production of the precious metals in the calendar year of 1899 was: Gold, $15,197,800; silver, $494,580. In 1900 the total assessed valuation of taxable property was $1,218,228,588, and the total bonded debt was $2,281,500, nearly all of which was held in State educational funds. The population in 1890 was 1,208,130; in 1900, 1,485,053. In 1534 Hernando Cortez (q. v.) sent Hernando de Grijalva on an errand of discovery to the Pacific coast, who probably saw the peninsula of California. Twenty-five years before the Spanish leader discovered the country, a romance was published in Spain in which are described the doings of a pagan queen of Amazons, who brought from the right hand of the Indies her allies to assist the infidels in their attack upon Constantinople. The romance was entitled
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Cambridge (search)
by the Charles River; was founded in 1631 under the name of Newtown; and is noted as the place where Washington took command of the Continental army on July 2, 1775; as the seat of Harvard University (q. v.); and as the place where the sons of Alvan Clark carry on the manufacture of astronomical instruments which have a world-wide reputation. In 1900 the city had a total assessed valuation of taxable property of $94,467,930, and the net city and water debt was $6,226,182. The population in 1890 was 70,028; in 1900, 91,886. The second Synod of Massachusetts met at Cambridge in 1646, and was not dissolved until 1648. The synod composed and adopted a system of church discipline called The Cambridge platform, and recommended it, together with the Westminster Confession of Faith, to the general court and to the churches. The latter, in New England, generally complied with the recommendation, and The Cambridge platform, with the ecclesiastical laws, formed the theological constitutio
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Cannon, (search)
861. S. B. Dean, of South Boston Iron Company, patents a process of rough boring bronze guns and forcibly expanding the bore to its finished size by means of mandrels, 1869. Pneumatic dynamite torpedo-gun built and mounted at Fort Lafayette (founded on invention of D. M. Mefford, of Ohio), 1885. Congress makes an appropriation for the establishment of a plant for gunmaking at the Watervliet arsenal, West Troy, 1889. Manufacture of heavy ordnance begun at the Washington navy-yard, 1890. Hotchkiss gun, English make, five barrels, revolving around a common axis, placed upon block weighing about 386 tons, fires thirty rounds a minute; adopted by the United States in 1891. Automatic rapid-firing gun, invented by John and Matthew Browning, of Ogden, Utah; firing 400 shots in one minute and forty-nine seconds; adopted by the United States in 1896. Zalinski's dynamite gun, calibre 15 ins.; throws 500 lbs. of explosive gelatine 2,100 yds.; also discharges smaller shells.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Cape Ann (search)
Cape Ann Original name of the present city of Gloucester, Mass., noted for more than 250 years for its extensive fishery interests. It was chosen as a place of settlement for a fishing colony by Rev. John White (a long time rector of Trinity Church, Dorchester, England) and several other influential persons. Through the exertions of Mr. White, a joint-stock association was formed, called the Dorchester adventurers, with a capital of about $14,000. Cape Anne was purchased, and fourteen persons, with live-stock, were sent out in 1623, who built a house and made preparations for curing fish. Affairs were not prosperous there. Roger Conant was chosen governor in 1625, but the Adventurers became discouraged and concluded on dissolving the colony. Through the encouragement of Mr. White, some of the colonists remained, but, not liking their seat, they went to Naumkeag, now Salem, where a permanent colony was settled. Population in 1890, 24,651; in 1900, 26,121.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Carlisle, John Griffin 1835- (search)
n both as a lawyer and politician. Having gained experience in both houses of the Kentucky legislature, and served as lieutenant-governor from 1871 to 1875, he entered the national House of Representatives in 1877 as Democratic member from his native State. In Congress he became rapidly one of the most notable and influential figures, especially on financial and commercial matters. He was a member of the Ways and Means Committee, and was recognized as one of the ablest debaters and leaders in the movement for revenue reform. When his party obtained control of the House in 1883, Carlisle, as the candidate of the revenue-reform wing of the Democrats, received the nomination and election to the office of Speaker. He was twice re-elected, serving until 1889. From 1890 to 1893 he was United States Senator. On March 4, 1893, he left the Senate to enter President Cleveland's second cabinet as Secretary of the Treasury, and on retiring therefrom settled in New York City to practise law.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Census, United States (search)
93 1880 .50,155,78330.0813.9251049011,318,54722.57 1890 . 63,069,75624.8520.7851148918,235,67029.12 1900 7tendent of the Population of the United States in 1890 and 1900. States and Territories.Population.Increase Since 1900.1890.1890. Alabama1,828,6971,513,017315,680 Alaska63,44132,05231,389 Arizona122,93159,62063,31890. Alabama1,828,6971,513,017315,680 Alaska63,44132,05231,389 Arizona122,93159,62063,311 Arkansas1,311,5641,128,179183,385 California1,485,0531,208,130276,923 Colorado539,70041,2,198127,502 Coes and Territories, with the totals of the census of 1890, and the increase: The following table shows the popng 25,000 and upward inhabitants in the census years 1890 and 1900, together with their change. Cities wieeding 25,000. City.population.increase since 1900.1890.1890 New York, N. Y.3,437,2022,492,591944,611 Chic000.—Continued. City.population.increase since 19001890.1890. Norfolk, Va 46,62434,87111,753 Waterbury, Co1890. Norfolk, Va 46,62434,87111,753 Waterbury, Conn 45,85928,64617,213 Holyoke, Mass.45.71235.63710,075 Fort Wayne, Ind. 45,11535,3939,722 Youngstown, O.44,
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Charleston, S. C. (search)
re (see Sumter, Fort; Beauregard, Pierre Gustave Toutant); was besieged and bombarded during the last two years of the war; and was evacuated by the Confederates on Feb. 17, 1865. On Aug. 31, 1886, a large part of the city was destroyed by an earthquake, in which many lives were lost. In the fiscal year ending June 30, 1900, the foreign trade of the port was: Imports, $1,124,671; exports, $7,151,720. In 1899 the assessed valuation of all taxable property was $17,293,458. The population in 1890 was 54,955; in 1900, 55,807. History.—Provoked by the attack on St. Augustine by the South Carolinians in 1706, the Spaniards fitted out an expedition to retaliate. It consisted of five vessels of war, under the command of the French Admiral Le Feboure, bearing a large body of troops from Havana. It was proposed to conquer the province of South Carolina and attach it to Spanish territory in Florida. The squadron crossed Charleston Bar （May, 1706), and about 800 troops were landed at
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Chicago, (search)
reat Lakes, but is also the largest interior Chicago art Institute. city in the country. In 1900 it had an estimated area of 190 1/2 square miles. The equalized valuation of all taxable property in 1899 was $345,196,419, and the net debt was $14,529,042. The city owned real estate and buildings valued at $67,230,742, including a waterworks plant that cost $28,216,399. In the calendar year 1900, the foreign trade of the city was: Imports, $15,272,178; exports, $8,843,603. The population in 1890 was 1,099,850; in 1900 it had reached 1,698,575. Early history.—The site of Chicago was a favorite rendezvous for several tribes of Indians in summer. Its name signifies, in the Pottawatomie tongue, wild onion, or a polecat, both of which abounded in that region. Of the skin of the polecat the Indians made tobacco-pouches. The spot was first visited by Marquette, a French Jesuit missionary, in 1673, who encamped there in the winter of 1674-75. The French built a fort there, which is m
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Chile. (search)
Chile. Towards the close of 1890, a revolution occurred in Chile, South America. It was the result of certain abuses of power on the part of the President of that republic, and the conflict was carried on with great bitterness between his adherents and the revolutionary party with the Chilean Congress at its head. Early in the course of the war almost the entire Chilean navy deserted the cause of the President and espoused that of the revolutionists. Among the vessels employed by the latter was the Itata, originally a merchant ship, but then armed and refitted as a cruiser. In the spring of 1891 this vessel put in at the harbor of San Diego, Cal., for the purpose of securing a cargo of arms and ammunition for the revolutionists. The secret, however, was not well kept, and when it came to the knowledge of the United States authorities, steps were at once taken to prevent her from accomplishing the object of her mission. Officers acting under the neutrality laws seized the v
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Cincinnati, Oh., city (search)
nt of population. The city is noted for the extent and variety of its manufactures and for its great pork-packing interests. In the fiscal year ending June 30, 1900, the imports of merchandise amounted in value to $1,562,408. On Dec. 1, 1899, the assessed valuation of all taxable property was $197,020,800, and the net debt, $25,546,456. In 1895 the villages of Avondale, Clifton, Linwood, Riverside, and Westwood were annexed to Cincinnati, which assumed their indebtedness. The population in 1890 was 296,908; in 1900, 325,902. Ensign Luce, of the United States army, was charged with the selection of a site for a block-house on Symmes's Purchase. Symmes wished him to build it at North Bend, where he was in command of a detachment of troops; but Luce was led farther up the river, to the site of Cincinnati, on account of his love for the pretty young wife of a settler, who went there to reside because of his attentions to her at the Bend. Luce followed and erected a blockhouse the
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