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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith) 12 12 Browse Search
Samuel Ball Platner, Thomas Ashby, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome 1 1 Browse Search
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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Alexander (search)
Alexander （*)Ale/candros). 1. Bishop of HIERAPOLIS in Phrygia, flourished A. D. 253. He was the author of a book entitled, On the new things introduced by Christ into the world ti/ kaino\n ei)sh/negke *Xristo/s ei)s to\n ko/smon. kef. q; not extant. (Suid
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
from Hadrian to the death of Carinus, that is, from A. D. 117 to A. D. 284, extending over a space of 167 years, and forming a sort of supplement to the Caesars of Suetonius, which terminate with Domitian. No immediate connexion, however, is established with the last-named work, since Nerva and Trajan are passed over; nor is the series absolutely complete, even within its own proper limits, for there is a gap of nine years, front the third Gordian to Valerianus, that is, from A. D. 244 to A. D. 253, including the reigns of Philippus, Decius, Gallus, and Aemilianus. It is by no means unlikely, indeed, that these, as well as Nerva and Trijan, may originally have formed a part of the whole, and that the existing blanks are owing to the mutilation of the MS. which formed the archetype; but this is merely a probable conjecture. The authors of the collection are commonly classed together under the title Historiae Augustae Scriptores sex, their names being Aelius Spartianus, Julius Capito
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Gallie'nus (search)
Gallie'nus with his full name, P. LICINIUS VALERIANUS EGNATIUS GALLIENUS, Roman emperor A. D. 260-268. When Valerian, upon the death of Aemilianus, was raised to the throne (A. D. 253), he immediately assumed his eldest son Gallienus as an associate in the purple, and employed him, under the care of the experienced Postumus, governor of Gaul, to check the incursions of the barbarian Franks and Alemanni upon the Upper Danube and the Rhine. Could we repose any faith in the testimony of medals aner to vanity, or to conceal for a moment defeat and dishonour. Our authorities are so imperfect, that it is impossible to describe with distinctness, even in outline, the events which occurred during the reign of Valerian, from his accession in A. D. 253 until his capture by the Persians in A. D. 260, or during the eight following years, while Gallienus alone enjoyed the title of Augustus. It is certain that towards the close of this period the Roman dominion, which for a quarter of a century h
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Lu'cius PAPA (search)
ed Porphyrius. Of his history previous to his pontificate little more is known than that he was one of the presbyters who accompanied his predecessor into exile when he was banished by the emperor Gallus to Centum Cellae, now Civita Vecchia. [CORNELIUS.] Lucius himself was banished a short time after his election, but soon obtained leave to return. His return was about the end of the year 252, or early in the year 253 (256 according to Baronius), and he could not have long survived it, as his whole pontificate was only of six or eight months, perhaps even shorter than that. He died, not as Baronius states, in A. D. 257, but in A. D. 253, being, according to some accounts, martyred by decapitation. The manner of his death is, however, very doubtful. (Euseb. Hist. Eccl. 7.2; Cyprian. Epistol. 61, 68, ed. Fell. 58, 67, ed. Pamelii; Pearson, Annal. Cyprian. ad ann. 252, 253; Baronius, Annal. ad ann. 255, 256, 257, 258; Pagi, Critice in Baronium ; Tillemont, Mémoires, vol. iv. p. 118, &c.
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
from both of the two illustrious censors, Claudius Nero and Livius Salinator (9.2.6), distinctly marks out Tiberius; and, this point being fixed, we can determine that the parricide, whose treason and destruction form the theme of a glowing invective (9.11.4), must be the notorious Sejanus. The opinion hazarded by some of the earlier scholars, that we ought to regard this Valerius Maximus as the same person with the consul of that name who held office for the first time under Volusianus in A. D. 253, and for second time under Gallienus in A. D. 256, seems to be totally devoid of any foundation, and is directly contradicted not only by the evidence recited above, but also by the fact that the Valerius Maximus whom we are now considering is referred to by the elder Pliny (H. N. i. ind. lib. vii.), by Plutarch (Marcell. sub fin.), and by Aulus Gellius (12.7), the testimony of the last especially being quite impregnable. Of his personal history we know nothing, except the solitary circums
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Mure'na, Abla'vius praefectus praetorio in the reign of Valerian (A. D. 253-260), who addressed Ablavius a letter respecting Claudius, afterwards emperor. (Trebell. Poll. Claud. 15.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Ori'genes (search)
n out with years, labours, and sufferings. He had lost by death his great friend and supporter Ambrosius, who had not bequeathed any legacy to sustain him during what might remain of life. But poverty had been through life the state which Origen had voluntarily chosen, and it mattered but little to him that he was left destitute for the brief remainder of his pilgrimage. After the persecution, according to Epiphanius. he left Caesareia for Jerusalem, and afterwards went to Tyre. He died in A. D. 253, or, at the latest, early in 254, in his sixty-ninth year, at Tyre, in which city he was buried. (Hieron. De Viris Illustr. c. 54.) His sufferings in the Decian persecution appear to have hastened his end, and gave rise to the statement, supported by the respectable authority of the martyr Pamphilus and others of the generation succeeding Origen's own time, that he had died a martyr in Caesareia during the persecution. This statement, as Photins observes, could be received only by denying
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Saloni'nus (search)
sinius Pollio, as an agnomen to his son C. Asinius Gallus [GALLUS, ASINIUS, No. 2]. Asinius Gallus seems not to have employed the name himself, but lie gave it as a cognomen to one of his sons by Vipsania, the former wife of the emperor Tiberius. This son, Asinius Saloninus, died in A. D. 28. (Tac. Ann. 3.75.) SALONI'NUS, P. LICI'NIUS CORNE'LIUS VALERIA'NUS, son of Gallienus and Saloinina, grandson of the emperor Valerian. When his father and grandfather assumed the title of Augustus, in A. D. 253, the youth received the designation of Caesar. Some years afterwards he was left in Gaul, under the charge of Silvanus, at the period when Gallienus was hastily summoned to encounter the rebel Ingentuus, in Pannoinia. The insurrection headed by Postumus soon after broke out, and Saloninus was driven to take refuge in Colonia Agrippina, where he was put to death by the conqueror, upon the capture of the city in A. D. 259 [see POSTUMUS], being at that time about seventeen years old. In addit
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Ste'phanus (search)
Ste'phanus was ordained bishop of Rome A. D. 253, in the place of Lucius, and suffered martyrdom four years afterwards. He is known to us solely by the dispute which he maintained with Cyprian upon baptizing heretics, which became so fierce, that Stephanus, not content with refusing audience to the deputies despatched by the African prelate, positively forbad the faithful to exercise towards them the common duties of hospitality. Works He appears to have published two epistles in connection with this controversy. 1. Ad Cyprianum 2. Ad Episcopos Orientales contra Helenum et Firmilianum. Editions Neither of these has been preserved, but a short fragment of the former is to be found in the letter of Cyprian Ad Pompeium (lxxiv.). and is printed in the Epistolae Pontificum Romanorum of Constant. (fol. Paris, 1721, p. 210). [W.R]
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Valeria'nus (search)
Valeria'nus Roman emperor, A. D. 253-260. P. Licinius Valerianus, whose father's name was Valerius, traced his descent from an ancient and noble stock. After passing through various grades in the service of the state, he had risen to the highest honours at least as early as A. D. 237, for we find him styled a consular when despatched a year later by the Gordians to Rome. Decius having determined to revive the censorship, and having called upon the senate to name the individual most worthy of such an office, demanding the union of the most spotless integrity with the most sound discretion, the whole assembly with one voice fixed upon Valerian eagerly, extolling his accomplishments and worth. This singular unanimity, and the tone of hyperbolical compliment in which the choice was announced, must be received either as a proof of the surpassing merit of the personage thus distinguished, or as an indication that the emperor, although he ostensibly left the election open, had contrived bef
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