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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Confederate States of America (search)
oment, when the religious services were closed and the rector (Dr. Minnegerode) dismissed the congregation after giving notice that General Ewell, the commander in Richmond, desired the local forces to assemble at 3 P. M. The Secretary of State (Benjamin), being a Jew, was not at church; the Secretary of the Navy (Mallory), a Roman Catholic, was at mass, in St. Peter's Cathedral; the Secretary of the Treasury (Trenholm) was sick; the Postmaster-General (Reagan) was at Dr. Petrie's Baptist Churcht deserted him, only Reagan remaining faithful. Mallory, the Secretary of the Navy, doubtful whether his official services would be needed on the Gulf, fled, with Wigfall, to La Grange, where he met his family and was subsequently arrested; and Benjamin fled to England. Davis's family had accompanied him from Danville to Washington; now, for prudential reasons, they separated, but were soon reunited and near Irwinsville, the county seat of Irwin county, Ga., 3 miles south of Macon, Davis was
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Congress, Continental (search)
in, seeing the futility of attempting to carry on the inevitable war with such a feeble instrument, submitted a basis of a form of confederation, similar in some respects to the one he proposed in convention at Albany (q. v.) twenty-one years before. It was a virtual declaration of independence, but it was not acted upon at that time. The Congress also established a postal system (July 26, 1775) and appointed Dr. Franklin postmaster-general. It also established a general hospital, with Dr. Benjamin Church as chief director. The army before Boston and an expedition for the conquest of Canada engaged much of the attention of the Congress for the rest of the year. Late in December, 1776, the Congress, which had fled from Philadelphia and reassembled at Baltimore, cast aside its hitherto temporizing policy. Up to this time the Congress had left on their journal the suggestion that a reunion with Great Britain might be the consequence of a delay in France to declare immediately and
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Frankland, state of. (search)
te sent William Cocke as a delegate to the Congress, but he was not received, while the North Carolina party sent a delegate to the legislature of that State. Party spirit ran high. Frankland had two sets of officers, and civil war was threatened. Collisions became frequent. The inhabitants of southwestern Virginia sympathized with the revolutionists, and were inclined to secede from their own State. Finally an armed collision between men under Tipton and Sevier took place. The latter were defeated, and finally arrested, and taken to prison in irons. Frankland had received its death-blow. The Assembly of North Carolina passed an act of oblivion, and offered pardon for all offenders in Frankland in 1788, and the trouble ceased. Virginia, alarmed by the movement, hastened to pass a law subjecting to the penalties of treason any person who should attempt to erect a new State in any part of her territory without previous permission obtained of her Assembly. Franklin, Benjamin
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Franklin, Benjamin 1706-1790 (search)
Franklin, Benjamin 1706-1790 Statesman; born in Boston, Jan. 17, 1706. His father was from England; his mother was a daughter of Peter Folger, the Quaker poet of Nantucket. He learned the art of printing with his brother; but they disagreeing, Benjamin left Boston when seventeen years of age, sought employment in New York, but, not succeeding, went to Philadelphia, and there found it. He soon attracted the attention of Governor Keith as a very bright lad, who, making him a promise of the government printing, induced young Franklin, at the age of eighteen, to go to England and purchase printing material. He was deceived, and remained there eighteen months, working as a journeyman printer in London. He returned to Philadelphia late in 1726, and in 1729 established himself there as a printer. He started the Pennsylvania gazette, and married Deborah Read, a young woman whose husband had absconded. For many years he published an almanac under the assumed name of Richard Saunders
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Harrison, Benjamin 1740-1791 (search)
ongress, in 1774. In that body he was efficient as chairman of the board of war. He advocated independence in 1776, and signed the great Declaration. He resigned his seat in 1777; again entered the House of Burgesses, and was chosen its speaker. This post he held until 1782, when he was elected governor of the State, and was twice re-elected. Governor Harrison did not like the national Constitution, and voted against it in convention. He died in Berkeley, in April, 1791. Harrison, Benjamin Twenty-third President of the United States, from 1889 to 1893; Republican; born in North Bend, O., Aug. 20, 1833; grandson of William Henry Harrison, the ninth President of the United States, and great-grandson of Benjamin Harrison, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, and for three successive terms governor of Virginia. He graduated at Miami University, O., in 1852, and soon after began the study of law in Cincinnati. In 1854 he settled in Indianapolis and entered upon pra
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Huger, Isaac -1797 (search)
Huger, Isaac -1797 Military officer; born on Limerick Plantation, S. C., March 19, 1742. He and his four brothers—Daniel, John, Francis, and Benjamin—were distinguished in the struggle for independence, the latter falling in the lines at Charleston, May 11, 1780. They were of Huguenot descent. Isaac was in the Cherokee expedition in 1760, and entered the patriot army of South Carolina as lieutenant-colonel in June, 1775. He rose to brigadier-general in January, 1779, for active and gallant services. In the attack on Savannah, in the fall of that year, he led the Georgia and South Carolina militia. His force was defeated and dispersed by Tarleton at Monk's Corner, S. C. He distinguished himself under Greene, especially at Guilford and Hobkirk's Hill (q. v.). He died in Charleston, S. C., Oct. 17, 1
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Peabody, Selim Hobart 1829- (search)
l Grant, under date of July 8, wrote a letter to Gen. Robert E. Lee, requesting that Col. James S. Jacques, 78th Illinois Infantry, and James R. Gilmour be allowed to meet Col. Robert Ould, Confederate commissioner for the exchange of prisoners. The reply was satisfactory, and the two Northern commissioners, after meeting Colonel Ould, had an interview with President Davis. The plan proposed by the Northern commissioners was declared by President Davis to be altogether impracticable. Mr. Benjamin, Confederate Secretary of State, in an official letter to James M. Mason, commissioner in Europe, states it was proposed that there should be a general vote of all the people of both federations, the majority of the vote thus taken to determine all disputed questions. President Davis replied that as these proposals had been prefaced by the remark that the people of the North were in the majority, and that the majority ought to govern, the offer was in effect a proposal that the Confedera
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Senate, United States (search)
of three different States resided in the same city, and three Senators occupying adjoining seats and representing two States were born in adjoining counties in one State. In 1892 two Senators, representing one State, had been private soldiers in one and the same volunteer regiment of the Union army. Eleven Senators afterwards became Presidents of the United States—Monroe, Adams (J. Q.), Jackson, Van Buren, Harrison (William H.), Tyler, Pierce, Buchanan, Johnson, Garfield, and Harrison (Benjamin). The first Senator that died during his term was William Grayson, of Virginia, whose death occurred March 1, 1790. The custom of taking public and official action on the decease of a Senator and of incurring expense on account thereof was of slow growth. During the first thirty-seven years of the Senate's history twenty-two of its members died and no expense was incurred by Congress in their behalf. The first record of the Senate's official action of any character in such cases appea
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Solid South, the (search)
n Hammer's livery-stable by the 10th of December next, where a musteringofficer will be present to muster and inspect them. F. N. Mcnairy, H. H. Harris. Camp comfort, Campbell Co., Tenn., Nov. 16. On Nov. 20 Colonel Wood again wrote to Secretary Benjamin, and recommended the summary trial of bridge-burners and spies. To this letter Benjamin replied (Nov. 25): All such as can be identified as having been engaged in bridge-burning [to obstruct the march of Confederate raiders] are to be trieBenjamin replied (Nov. 25): All such as can be identified as having been engaged in bridge-burning [to obstruct the march of Confederate raiders] are to be tried summarily by drum-head court-martial, and, if found guilty, executed on the spot, by hanging. It would be well to leave the bodies hanging in the vicinity of the burned bridges.... In no case is one of the men known to be up in arms against the government to be released on any pledge or oath of allegiance. The time for such measures is past. They are all to be held as prisoners of war, and held in jail to the end of the war. This spirit of the Confederate Secretary of War, manifested in al
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Maine. (search)
ey attack and burn New Dartmouth (New Castle), and destroy the fort and break up the settlement on the Sheepscot River......Sept. 5-6, 1688 Governor Andros using unwise measures in opposing Indians, arouses the people, who restore Danforth to the office of provincial president, appoint a council for the safety of the people, and resume the government according to charter rights......April 18, 1689 Garrison at Pemaquid attacked by Indians and forced to surrender......Aug. 2, 1689 Maj. Benjamin Church, with 600 men raised by Massachusetts, proceeds to the Kennebec, and, ranging along the coasts, intimidates the Indians; leaving sixty soldiers at Fort Loyal, he returns with the rest to Massachusetts......1689 Newichawannock (now Salmon Falls), attacked by French and Indians under Sieur Artel, and fifty-four settlers captured and the settlement burned......March 18, 1690 Five hundred French and Indians under Castin attack Fort Loyal at Falmouth; the people abandon the villa
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