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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing) 13 1 Browse Search
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 4 2 Browse Search
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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Burgoyne, Sir John, 1723-1792 (search)
Burgoyne, Sir John, 1723-1792 Military officer; born in England, Feb. 24, 1723; was liberally educated, and entered the army at an early age. While a subaltern he clandestinely married a daughter of the Earl of Derby, who subsequently aided him in acquiring military promotion and settled $1,500 a year upon him. He served with distinction in Portugal in 1762. The year before, he was elected to Parliament, and gained his seat as representative of another borough, in 1768, at an expense of about $50,000. In the famous Letters of Junius he was severely handled. Being appointed to command in America, he arrived at Boston May 25, 1775; and to Lord Stanley he wrote a letter, giving a graphic account of the battle on Bunker (Breed's) Hill. In December, 1776, he returned to England, and was commissioned lieutenant-general. Sir John Burgoyne. Placed in command of the British forces in Canada, he arrived there early in 1777, and in June he began an invasion of the province of New York
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Westminster Abbey. (search)
y Indians represented in the abbey, although there are tomahawks and Indian ornaments on the tomb of Wolfe. Of the War of Independence there are but three memorials, all full of pathos. In the north cloister in a nameless grave lies Gen. Sir John Burgoyne, who died on Aug. 4, 1793, at the age of seventy, sixteen years after he had surrendered and resigned his sword to General Gates at Saratoga in 1777. It is strange that there should be no monument, not even an inscription, to mark the spn colonies revolted from Great Britain, inflexibly maintained his loyalty to the person and government of his sovereign, and was therefore compelled to leave his distressed family and ample fortune, and to fly from the States in the very year of Burgoyne's surrender. His ship was lost on the coast of Holland. The bas-relief represents the shipwreck in which he perished, and the escape of his son, who, with the faithful aid of a black slave, clung to a floating package, and was cast alive upon
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Whipple, William 1730- (search)
Whipple, William 1730- A signer of the Declaration of Independence; born in Kittery, Me., Jan. 14, 1730; became a sailor; removed to Portsmouth, N. H., in 1759, where he engaged in the West India trade and African slave-trade, in which he acquired a considerable fortune. He was a member of the Provincial Congress in 1775, and of the Continental Congress in 1776. He was brigadier-general of the New Hampshire troops at Saratoga in the Revolutionary War; signed the articles of capitulation with Burgoyne: was a member of Congress in 1778-79; financial receiver of the State of New Hampshire in 1782-84, and judge of the Superior Court from 1782 till his death, in Portsmouth, Nov. 28, 1785.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Wilkinson, James 1757- (search)
ing for the medical profession when the Revolutionary War broke out. He repaired to Cambridge after the battle of Bunker (Breed's) Hill, where he was made a captain in Reed's New Hampshire regiment in the spring of 1776. He served under Arnold in the Northern army, and in July, 1776, was appointed brigademajor. He was at the battles of Trenton and Princeton, and was made lieutenantcolonel in January, 1777. He was Gates's adjutant-general, and bore to Congress an account of the capture of Burgoyne, when he was brevetted brigadier-general and made secretary to the board of war, of which Gates was president. Being implicated in Conway's cabal he resigned the secretaryship, and in July, 1779, was made clothier-general to the army. At the close of the war he settled in Lexington, Ky., and engaged in mercantile transactions. In 1791-92 he commanded, as lieutenant-colonel of infantry, an expedition against the Indians on the Wabash, and was made brigadier-general in 1792. He was dist
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Wolcott, Oliver 1747-1797 (search)
s and of probate. In 1775 Congress appointed him a commissioner of Indian affairs to secure the neutrality of the Six Nations, and he became a member of Congress in January, 1776. After the Declaration of Independence he returned to Connecticut, invested with the command of the militia intended for the defence of New York, and in November resumed his seat in Congress. Late in the summer of 1777 he joined the army under Gates with several hundred volunteers, and assisted in the capture of Burgoyne and his army. On the field of Saratoga he was made a brigadier-general in the Continental service. In 1786 he was chosen lieutenant-governor of Connecticut, and served in that capacity ten years, when he was elected governor. He died in Litchfield, Conn., Dec. 1, 1797. Financier; born in Litchfield, Conn., Jan. 11, 1760; a son of the preceding; graduated at Yale College in 1778, and was a volunteer to repel the British and Hessian marauders on the Connecticut coast towns in 1779. H
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Wood, James 1750-1813 (search)
Wood, James 1750-1813 Governor; born in 1750; was made a captain of Virginia troops in 1774; went on a mission to the western Indians in 1775 with only one companion, and displayed so much courage that he greatly pleased the Indians, and effected his object; promoted colonel in November, 1776. After Burgoyne's army was quartered at Charlottesville, Va., in 1781, he was given command of that place; and was governor of Virginia in 1796-99. He died in Olney, Va., July 16, 1813.
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), B. (search)
ell's batteries and three sets of wires were used for firing the mines, which was done simultaneously. The mass of rock removed averaged 380 feet in hight, 360 in length, and 80 in thickness. See artesian-well; tunnel; well-boring; and Specific Indexes under civil Engineering and mining. See Raymond's Mines, mills, and furnaces : J. B. Ford & Co., N. Y., 1871. Blake's Mining machinery : New Haven, 1871. Also, Blasting and Quarrying of Stone and Blowing up of Bridges, by Lieutenant-General Sir J. Burgoyne of the English Military Engineers. No. 35 of Weale's Rudimentary Series: London. The following table from General Sir Charles Pasley's Memoranda on mining will give the means of calculating the space occupied by any given quantity of powder in round holes of different sizes, from one to six inches: — Diameter of the hole.Powder contained in one inch of hole.Powder contained in one foot of hole.Depth of hole to contain 1 lb. of powder. Inches.lb. oz.lb. oz.Inches. 10
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), T. (search)
ing.) a. Filling up a blast-hole, above the charge, so as to direct the force of the explosion laterally and rend the rock. b. The material used for the above purpose; it may be fragments of stone, earth, sand, or even water. Lieutenant-General Sir John Burgoyne, of the English Engineers and Inspector of Fortifications, states that the desideratum in tamping is to obtain the greatest possible resistance over the charge of powder; if it could be made as strong as the rock itself, it would b for tamping are: — The chips and dust of the quarry itself. This is what is most commonly used, unless there be stone in it that strikes fire. b. Dry sand poured in loose, or stirred up as it is poured in, to make it more compact. General Burgoyne cites the favorable notice of sand in this connection, in the memoir of the works at Cherbourg, and also by a writer in the Journal of the Franklin Institute. He also cites the experience of General Pasley, of the English Engineers, who c