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Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Henry Walcott Boynton, Reader's History of American Literature, Chapter 1: the Puritan writers (search)
erving in the treasury of pure literature. In proceeding with our account of American literature, then, we shall try to keep ourselves within the boundary here set. We shall find occasion from time to time to suggest the historical importance of an author or a book, but the final judgment on them will be based upon their relation to literature. Such an account may properly begin with a consideration of the germs or fragments of pure literature which were produced in America before, with Franklin, what we may now more properly call American Literature began. The early colonists. The earliest writing done in America was the work of persons who not only were of English birth, but whose stay in America was comparatively short. Captain John Smith was the first American colonist to write a book, A true relation of Virginia. It was a brilliant and vigorous piece of narrative, and was followed before his return to England by two other books of merit. But it is only in a historical
Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Henry Walcott Boynton, Reader's History of American Literature, Chapter 2: the secular writers (search)
an period of Colonial writing. The clergy were still for a long time to produce much of the best work; but by the beginning of the eighteenth century took place that rise of the secular instinct which found its best expression somewhat later in Franklin; the humane instinct from which an essential part of any strong national literature must spring. At this particular period the impulse expressed itself in three principal forms: the almanac, the diary, and the humorous or satirical poem. Madam Knight. The most striking of the early diarists was Madam Sarah Kemble Knight, who was born in Boston in 1666, taught school there, was reputed excellent as a teacher of English composition, and in 1706 was the instructor of Benjamin Franklin. Her account of a journey on horseback from Boston to New Haven gives us an excellent impression of rustic Colonial life on its homely side. It began on Monday, October 2, 1704, and occupied five days; and the amusing diary was written at odd mome
Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Henry Walcott Boynton, Reader's History of American Literature, Chapter 3: the Philadelphia period (search)
hia; and that city produced, still more memorably, in Benjamin Franklin the first American writer to gain a permanent foreignthey were published in book form, with an introduction by Franklin, and had an astonishing popularity, not only in America, Act. The title is, in full, The examination of Doctor Benjamin Franklin, in the British house of Commons, relative to these of these qualities. Those two were John Adams and Benjamin Franklin. As the former had a wife of similar quality, their re signed with such high-sounding names as Portia. Benjamin Franklin. In Franklin, on the other hand, we come upon a ma. The almanac was an established institution long before Franklin gave it standing as literature. The first matter of any e subtle charm of personality that belonged to everything Franklin wrote, made Poor Richard so famous. The incidents of tere long friends; you are now my enemy, and I am, Yours, B. Franklin. On the third of October, Franklin again writes to P
Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Henry Walcott Boynton, Reader's History of American Literature, Chapter 5: the New England period — Preliminary (search)
yet they displayed a surprising apathy toward the books which were then to be found on every London table. In 1723 the best college library in America contained nothing by Addison, Pope, Dryden, Swift, Gay, Congreve, or Defoe. Ten years later Franklin founded the first public library in America by an importation of some forty-five pounds' worth of English books; among which the work of many of those authors was doubtless included. They were, in fact, the authors upon whom the taste of our bvelopment of a school of historians. who for the first time took up the annals of the nation for serious treatment. It was Jared Sparks who first chose the task of collecting and reprinting successively the correspondence of Washington and of Franklin. He was intimate at my mother's house and used to bring whole basketfuls of letters there; and I remember well studying over and comparing the separate signatures of Washington, as well as the variety of curves that he would extract from the le
Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Henry Walcott Boynton, Reader's History of American Literature, Chapter 8: the Southern influence---Whitman (search)
development he has much to say upon what may be called the antikidglove literature, a product which is really no better than the kid-glove literature, at which it affects to protest. Lanier quotes the lines of Whitman, Fear grace, fear elegance, civilization, delicatesse, and again the passage in which the same poet rejoices in America because here are the roughs, beards, . . . combativeness, and the like; and Lanier shows how far were the founders of the Republic — Washington, Jefferson, Franklin, Adams — from this theory that there can be no manhood in decent clothes or wellbred manners. He justly complains that this rougher school has really as much dandyism about it as the other--the dandyism of the roustabouts, he calls it; that it poses and attitudinizes and is the extreme of sophistication in writing. If we must have dandyism in our art, he adds, surely the softer sort, which at least leans towards decorum and gentility, is preferable. Then, going beyond literature to the
Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Henry Walcott Boynton, Reader's History of American Literature, A Glossary of Important Contributors to American Literature (search)
or with Gen. James Grant Wilson of Appletons' Cyclopaedia of American biography (1886-89). He died July 4, 1901. Franklin, Benjamin Statesman and philosopher, born at Boston, Mass., Jan. 17, 1706, the son of a soap-boiler and tallow-chandler. daughter of Capt. Thomas Kemble and wife of Richard Knight, and taught school in Boston, counting among her pupils Benjamin Franklin and Samuel Mather. Her Journey from Boston to New York in the year 1704,from the original manuscript, including thon Burr (1857) ; life of Andrew Jackson (3 vols., 1859-60); General Butler in New Orleans (1863); Life and times of Benjamin Franklin (1864); Life of Thomas Jefferson (1874); and Life of Voltaire (1881). Died in Newburyport, Mass., Oct. 17, 1891. ohn Trumbull were published in 1820. Died in Detroit, Mich., May 10, 1831. Webster, Daniel Born in Salisbury (now Franklin), N. H., Jan. 18, 1782. Graduating from Dartmouth in 1801, he studied law, was admitted to the bar, and was unsurpassed
Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Henry Walcott Boynton, Reader's History of American Literature, chapter 13 (search)
Chapter 3: the Philadelphia period (A) McMaster's Life of Franklin, American men of letters series, 1887. Morse's Life of FranklinFranklin, American statesmen series, 1889. William H. Prescott's Life of Charles Brockden Brown (printed in Sparks's Library of American biography,r Richard's Almanack, Thumb-Nail series, The Century Co., 1898. Franklin's Life, written by himself, edited by John Bigelow, 3 vols., J. B. Lippincott, 1874. Franklin's Works, edited by John Bigelow, 3 vols., Lippincott, 1875. Charles Brockden Brown's Novels, 6 vols., McKayMemorable Providences 1702. Cotton Mather's Magnalia 1706. Franklin born. 1729. William Byrd's History of the dividing line. 1732. Washington born. 1732. Franklin's Poor Richard's almanac begun. 1745. Braddock defeated. 1754. Jonathan Edwards's Freedom of the w66. The Stamp Act repealed. 1770. The Boston Massacre. 1771. Franklin's Autobiography (incomplete). 1773. The Boston Tea-party. 17
Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Henry Walcott Boynton, Reader's History of American Literature, Index. (search)
s, 169. Eulogium on Rum, Smith's, 69. Eureka, Poe's, 208. Eutaw, Battle of, Freneau's, 37. Evangeline, Longfellow's, 142, 143. Evelyn, John, 28. Everett, Edward, 72, 111, 112. Examination relative to the Repeal of the Stamp Act, Franklin's, 55. Fable for critics, Lowell's, 165, 178. Federalists, 46. Festus, Bailey's, 256. Field, Eugene, 264. Fiske, John, 118, 119. FitzGerald, Edward, 165, 166. Fletcher of Saltoun, 263. Flight of the Duchess, Browning's, 215. Flint, Timothy, 239. Franklin, Benjamin, 7, 61, 55, 56-65, 108, 117, 221. Franklin, James, 58. Franks, Rebecca, 53, 80, 81. Fraser's magazine, 95, 261. Fredericksburg sonnet, Aldrich's, 264. Freneau, Philip, 36-39. Fuller, H. B., 255. Fuller (Ossoli), Margaret, 179, 180, 232. Garland, Hamlin, 254. Garrison, William Lloyd, 124, 148, 151. Godwin, William, 67, 72. Golden legend, Longfellow's, 144. Goodrich, Samuel G., 190. Griswold, Rufus W., 54, 105, 208, 210. Halleck, Fitz