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William Schouler, A history of Massachusetts in the Civil War: Volume 2, Chapter 6: Essex County. (search)
ests of Essex County were foreign commerce and the fisheries. At the present day, although the fishing interest holds its place, the foreign commerce of the county has in a great measure been transferred to Boston and New York. It is now largely devoted to manufactures. At the commencement of the present century, the school-books in their enumeration of large commercial places always spoke of Marblehead, which, although it is now larger than at any previous time, has been outstripped by Gloucester as a fishing and commercial town, and is as much interested in the manufacture of shoes as in commerce and the fisheries. The number of municipalities in the county is thirty-four; of these Gloucester, Haverhill, Lawrence, Lynn, Newburyport, and Salem are large and flourishing cities. In 1860 the population of the county was 165,611, in 1865 it was 171,192, being an increase in five years of 5,581. The population of the county in 1870 was 200,843, which is an increase in five years of