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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing) 14 2 Browse Search
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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Bemis's Heights, battles of. (search)
battle. His left wing, with the immense artillery train, commanded by Generals Phillips and Riedesel, kept upon the plain near the river. The centre, composed largely of German troops, led by Bur hills with fresh English troops and some artillery, followed by a portion of the Germans under Riedesel, and appeared on the battle-field just as victory seemed about to be yielded to the Americans. The battle continued. The British ranks were becoming fearfully thinned, when Riedesel fell heavily upon the American flank with infantry and artillery, and they gave way. The Germans saved the Britd Hamilton, and the redoubts near the river with Brigadier-General Gall. Phillips, Fraser, and Riedesel were with Burgoyne. Canadian rangers, loyalists, and Indians were sent to hang on the Americanjor Williams, forming the left; the centre composed of British and grenadiers under Philips and Riedesel, and the right of infantry under Earl Balcarras. General Fraser, with 500 picked men, was in ad
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Bennington, battle near. (search)
Bennington, battle near. Falling short of provisions, Burgoyne sent out an expedition from his camp on the Hudson River to procure cattle, horses to mount Riedesel's dragoons, to try the affections of the country, and to complete a corps of loyalists. Colonel Baum led the expedition, which consisted of 800 men, comprising German dragoons and British marksmen, a body of Canadians and Indians, some loyalists as guides, and two pieces of artillery. They penetrated the country eastward of the Hudson towards Bennington, Vt., where the Americans had gathered a considerable quantity of supplies. At that time (August, 1777), General Stark, disgusted because he had not been made a Continental brigadier-general, had resigned his colonelcy, taken the leadership of the New Hampshire militia, with the stipulation that he was to have an independent command, and was at Bennington with part of a brigade. He had lately refused to obey a command of General Lincoln to join the main army opposing
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), German mercenaries. (search)
h soldier a bounty of $35, besides an annual subsidy, the whole amounting to a large sum. The British government agreed to make restitution for all soldiers who might perish from contagious disease while being transported in ships and in engagements during sieges. They were to take an oath of allegiance to the British sovereign during their service, without its interfering with similar oaths to their respective rulers. Their chief commanders, when they sailed for America, were Generals Baron de Riedesel, Baron Knyphausen, and De Heister. The general name of Hessians was given to them by the Americans, and, because they were mercenaries, they were heartily detested by the colonists. When any brutal act of oppression or wrong was to be carried out, such as a plundering or burning expedition, the Hessians were generally employed in the service. The transaction was regarded by other nations as disgraceful to the British. The King of Great Britain shrank from the odium it inflict
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Ticonderoga, operations at (search)
munition and other stores, and a warehouse full of naval munitions, with forty-eight men, women, and children, who were sent to Hartford. Two days afterwards Col. Seth Warner made an easy conquest of Crown Point. In June, 1777, with about 7,000 men, Lieutenant-General Burgoyne left St. Ruins of Fort Ticonderoga. Johns, on the Sorel, in vessels, and moved up Lake Champlain. His army was composed of British and German regulars, Canadians and Indians. The Gemans were led by Maj.-Gen. Baron de Riedesel, and Burgoyne's chief lieutenants were Major-General Phillips and Brigadier-General Fraser. The invading army (a part of it on land) reached Crown Point, June 26, and menaced Ticonderoga, where General St. Clair was in command. The garrison there, and at Mount Independence opposite, did not number in the aggregate more than 3,500 men, and not more than one in ten had a bayonet; while the invaders numbered between 8,000 and 9,000, including a reinforcement of Indians, Tories, and