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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Bute, John Stuart, Earl of, (search)
inet, Bute was made prime minister. He soon became unpopular, chiefly because the King had discarded the great Pitt, and preferred this Scotch adventurer, whose bad advice was misleading his sovereign. Insinuations were rife about the too intimate personal relations of Bute and the young King's mother, who, it was believed, ruled both the King and his minister; and a placard appeared in front of the Royal Exchange, in large letters, No petticoat government — no Scotch minister — no Lord George Sackville! Bute was vigorously attacked by John Wilkes in his North Briton. The minister's unpopularity increased. Suspicions of his being bribed by the enemies of England were rife; and, perceiving a rising storm that threatened to overwhelm him with disgrace, Bute suddenly resigned his office (April 7, 1763), but nominated his successor. He retired to private life, passing his time between England and Scotland in the enjoyment of an ample fortune. He published, at his own expense ($50,0
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Germain, Lord George, Viscount Sackville 1716-1785 (search)
ent in 1761, and was made colonial secretary in 1775, ever evincing a most vindictive spirit towards the Americans. He became so unpopular at home that, during the London riots in 1780, he felt compelled to barricade his house in the city. So consonant were his views with those of the King that he was a great favorite at court. His influence over the young King at the time of his coronation, and soon afterwards, was so well known that a handbill appeared with the words, No Lord George Sackville! No Petticoat Government! alluding to the influence of the monarch's mother. He died in England, Aug. 26, 1785. Lord George seemed to take pride an comfort in employing agents who would Lord George Germain. incite the savages of the wilderness to fall on the Americans. He complained of the humanity of Carleton, who, in the autumn of 1776, hesitated to employ the Indians in war; but in Hamilton, governor of Detroit, he found a ready agent in the carrying out of his cruel schemes, E
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 4, 15th edition., Chapter 9: (search)
o were not Quakers, joined together to form companies which themselves elected their officers. The officers of the companies chose Franklin colonel of their regiment of twelve hundred men, and he accepted the post. Here again was a new increase of popular power. Franklin, with his military command, might, it was feared, wrest the government from the proprietaries; nor would the metropolis tolerate a militia which had the appointment of its own officers. In the House of Commons, Lord George Sackville charged the situation of affairs in America on the defects of the constitution cf the colonies. He would have one power established there. Walpole's Memoires of Geo. II., II., 8. The militia law of Pennsylvania, he said, was designed to be ineffectual. It offered no compulsion, and, moreover, gave the nomination of officers to the people. The administration hearkened to a scheme for dissolving the Assembly of that province by act of parliament, and disfranchising the Quakers fo
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 4, 15th edition., Chapter 13: (search)
f France. Consulted through the under secretaries, Franklin gave full advice on the conduct of the American war, criticised the measures proposed by others, and recommended and enforced the conquest of Canada. In the House of Commons, Lord George Sackville, a man perplexed in action and without sagacity in council, of unsound judgment yet questioning every judgment but his own, restless and opinionated, made the apology of Loudoun. Nothing is done, nothing attempted, said Pitt with vehemenecessaries, twelve or fifteen hundred horses were distributed for food. Artisans and daylaborers became too weak for toil. On the recall of Loudoun, Henry Seymour Conway desired to be employed in America, but was refused by the king. Lord George Sackville was invited to take the command, but declined. Three chap XIII.} 1758. several expeditions were set in motion. The circumspect, impenetrable Jeffrey Amherst, a man of solid judgment and respectable ability in action, with James Wolfe,
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 4, 15th edition., Chapter 14: (search)
ought had detached the hereditary prince of Brunswick with ten thousand men to cut off the retreat, sent a message to the commander of the British cavalry, Lord George Sackville, by a German aid-de-camp. Lord George affected not to understand. Ligonier came next, with express directions that he should bring up the cavalry and attnd unfit for employment in any military capacity; on which, the king struck his name out of the council-book and forbade his appearance at court. The ability of Sackville had been greatly overrated. He was restless, and loved intrigue; ambitious, opinionated, and full of envy; when he spoke, it was arrogantly, as if to set othersit to conduct armies or affairs, he joined cowardice with love of superiority and malevolence. Lord Mahon's History of England, IV. 271. George III. Doubted Sackville's courage. See George III. to Lord North. In America success depended on union. The chap. XIV.} 1759. Board of Trade was compelled to adjourn questions o
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 5, 13th edition., Chapter 15: (search)
nd, but from the union of the aristocratic power of the one with the popular principle of the other. The refusal of Shelburne leaves the important office to the earl of Dartmouth, a young man, utterly inexperienced in business, distinguished only for his piety; The one who wears a coronet and prays. A peerage was conferred on Pratt, who took the chap. XV.} 1765. July. name of Camden; though Rockingham was averse to his advancement. But it was through Rockingham himself, that Lord George Sackville, who had been degraded while Pitt was minister, was restored to a seat at the Council Board, and raised to one of the lucrative vicetreasurerships of Ireland. Thus was an administration, whose policy had been sanctioned by large and increasing majorities in parliament, and by the most cordial approbation of the king, avowedly turned out, to gratify his personal disgust at its exercising its constitutional right to control him in the use of the court favor. The new cabinet did not
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 5, 13th edition., Chapter 20: (search)
sat down, determined to vote against Grenville's amendment. Gilbert Elliot did the same; and Wedderburn displayed the basest subserviency. Norton dwelt much on the legislative authority of parliament to tax all the world under British dominion. See, said Beckford, how completely my prophecy about America is accomplished. Some one said that Great Britain had long arms. Yes, it was answered, but three thousand miles is a long way to extend them. Especially it is observable that Lord George Sackville, just rescued from disgrace by Rockingham, manifested his desire to enforce the Stamp Act. Letter from London of Dec. 22 and 24, 1765, in Boston Gaz. 17 Feb. 1766. Chatham Corr. II. 352. The amendment was withdrawn, but when three days later Grenville divided the house on a question of adjourning to the ninth instead of the fourteenth of January, he had only thirty-five votes against seventy-seven. Baker, in the debate, called his motion insolent, and chid him as the author
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 5, 13th edition., Chapter 21: (search)
Pitt, on Saturday the eighteenth, when Pitt once more expressed his readiness to act with those now in the ministry, yet with some transposition of places. At the same time he dwelt on the disgrace brought on the nation, by the recall of Lord George Sackville to the council, declaring over and over that his lordship and he could not sit at the council board together. But no sooner had Pitt consented to renounce his connection with Temple, and unite with the ministry, than Rockingham interpouary the weakness of chap. XXI.} 1766. Jan. the ministry appeared on a division respecting an election for some of the boroughs in Scotland; in a very full house they had only a majority of eleven. The grooms of the bedchamber, and even Lord George Sackville voted against them, whilst Charles Townshend, the paymaster, declined to vote at all. On the same day Bedford and Grenville were asked, if on Bute's opening the door, they were ready to negotiate for a change of administration, and they b
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 5, 13th edition., Chapter 23: (search)
bruary, the division took place. Only a few days before, Bedford had confidently predicted the defeat of the ministry. The king, the queen, the princess dowager, the Duke of York, Lord Bute desired it. The scanty remains of the old tories; all the followers of Bedford and Grenville; the king's friends; every Scottish member, except Sir Alexander Gilmore and George Dempster; Lord George Sack chap XXIII.} 1766. Feb. ville, whom this ministry had restored, and brought into office; Oswald, Sackville's colleague as vicetrea-surer for Ireland; Barrington, the paymaster of the navy, were all known to be in the opposition. The lobbies Edmund Burke. were crammed with upwards of three hundred men, representing the trading interests of the nation, trembling and anxious, and waiting almost till the winter morning's return of light, to learn their fate from the resolution of the house. Presently it was announced that two hundred and seventy five had voted for the repeal of the act, agai
George Bancroft, History of the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent, Vol. 6, 10th edition., Chapter 27: (search)
Letter cited in Wirt's Patrick Henry, 96. This last clause is not in W. S. Johnson's report. Then laying his hand on the table in Chap. XXVII.} 1767. Jan. front of him, he declared to the House, England is undone, if this taxation of America is given up. George Grenville, in Cavendish Debates, II. 35. Grenville at once demanded of him to pledge himself to his declaration; he did so most willingly; and his promise received a tumultuous welcome. Grafton's Autobiography. Lord George Sackville pressed for a revenue that should be adequate; and Townshend engaged himself to the House to find a revenue, if not adequate, yet nearly sufficient to meet the military expenses when properly reduced. Shelburne to Chatham, 1 Feb. 1767; Chat. Corr., III. 184, 185. The loud burst of rapture dismayed Conway, who sat in silent astonishment at the unauthorized but premeditated rashness of his presumptuous colleague. Grafton's Autobiography; Walpole, II. 413, 414, tells nothing of t