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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), B. (search)
of Corinth wrote a poem on bees 741 B. C. There are enumerated 292 species of the apis genus. The honey-bee was introduced by the English into Boston, 1670, and is spreading over the continent. The men were lately alive who professed to recollect the time when the swarms first made their appearance on the west side of the Mississippi. They are said to keep a little in advance of civilization. Huber wrote on bees in 1796, and the bee-anatomists and physiologists are but his followers. Samson found a swarm of bees in the land that flowed with milk and honey. Honey was prohibited as an offering on the altar under the Levitical law, but its first-fruits were presented for the use of the priests. (Lev. II. 11, 12.) Honey was a favorite article of food in ancient Egypt, but the tombs are silent as to the treatment of the bees. Varro (50 B. C.) recommends that hives be made of basket-work, wood, bark, hollow trees, pottery, or reeds, and be contractible according to the size
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), C. (search)
by various nations of antiquity. Jewels were worked into the links or strung upon cords. To the chains which hung from the neck, fancy or fashion suspended cowries, mirrors, round tires like the moon, trinkets, amulets, emblems, and scent-bottles. The Midianites, who invaded Palestine in the time of Gideon, ornamented with chains the necks of their camels. The modern uses of ornamental chains are numerous and familiar. （3.) For confining prisoners. Before and after the time when poor Samson was blinded and then bound with fetters of brass, when David lamented Abner, and the fugitive Jedekiah, after defending his capital for two years, became a fugitive, was captured, blinded, bound with chains of brass, and carried to Babylon, chains, fetters, and manacles were the lot of captives and criminals. Peter slept between two soldiers bound with two chains, being, no doubt, handcuffed to his guards on either side. Herod, of course, had the soldiers killed, which was the ordinary pun
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), D. (search)
orway was about eight feet wide, and the double doors had each two leaves. The two leaves of the one door were folding, and the two leaves of the other door were folding. It is not easy to find in any other very ancient author so clear a description of the proportions and construction of a building as is found in 1 Kings, VI. A pair of doors have figured somewhat largely in the history of East Indian conquest. It is seldom that so much fuss has been made about a pair of doors since Samson took those of Gaza from their hinges, about 1120 B. C., and carried them to the top of a hill before Hebron. He took them bar and all, not condescending to unlock them, but tearing them from their foundations. The doors of the Temple of Siva, at Somnauth, a town of Guzerat, in Hindostan, were of sandal-wood, elaborately carved in correspondence with the other portions of the temple, which was an oblong hall 96 × 68 feet, crowned by a dome. When Mahmoud, of Ghizni, at the head of his Moh
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), G. (search)
olding the perpendicular handle, and operating by a concerted push and pull motion. The modern Egyptian hand-mill is substantially similar. Their larger mills were turned by oxen or asses, like those of the Romans. The millstones were of hard grit or granite, and are occasionally met with in the ruins. Oriental mill. The grinding of grain for a family was performed by women or slaves, and, the grist being usually sufficient for a single meal only, the work was a daily occurring one. Samson ground in the prison-house. Job spoke of his wife grinding for a stranger. The Master spoke of the days of tribulation surprising two women grinding at the mill. Moses forbade the taking of the millstone to pledge, as it was a man's life, — a daily necessity, a grist for a meal being ground at a time. The last of the Egyptian plagues was the death of the first-born, from that of Pharoah that sitteth upon his throne, even unto the first-born of the maid-servant that is behind the mill. T
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), L. (search)
resented Minerva with a distaff, as being the inventress of spinning. Homer refers to the products of the loom. The Egyptians credited it to Isis; the Mohammedans to a son of Japhet; the Chinese to the consort of the Emperor Yao (Noah); the Peruvians to Mamaoella, wife of Manco Capac, their first sovereign. The modern Arabs and the Hindoos use a procumbent loom. The Bible notices of weaving refer to loom-work, netting, and braiding. 1. When Delilah wove into the web the seven locks of Samson's hair. 2. Where Isaiah pronounces a curse upon Egypt, which shall destroy all her vast works of irrigation and improvement, and confound those who live by weaving networks. The Bible also refers to needlework and embroidery, in the mournful song of the mother of Sisera. See damask. The mode by which the weavers of India execute the jamdanee has been explained by Mr. Taylor as follows: — The Hindoo weavers place the pattern, drawn upon paper, below the warp, and range along the
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), R. (search)
w priests (see Ex. XXVIII. 42; Lev. VI, 10). Cotton was not known in Egypt except as a curiosity from India. Joseph shaved himself before being presented to Pharaoh, and from their long residence in Egypt the Israelites came to adopt certain practices of a religious or social character. Moses made regulations concerning shaving, and special observances are prescribed in the ceremonies in taking the vows of a Nazarite, and in relation to the cleansing of lepers. This was about 1490 B. C. Samson was an unshaven man until he fell into bad company and lost virtue, strength, and sight. The comparison (Isaiah VII. 20) of the king of Assyria to a hired razor seems to infer the completeness of the operation he would perform upon the subject, and the comparison of the king to a traveling barber may have inferred contempt for the agent. The shaven crown and braided cue of the Chinese were originally marks of subjection imposed by the Manchoo Tartars so late as A. D. 1627. Perhaps it
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), S. (search)
down, the bloom is removed with a pair of tongs from the bottom of the furnace. It was said of the land of Canaan (Deuteronomy VIII. 9), a land whose stones are iron, and out of whose hills thou mayest dig brass (copper). The hills of Palestine furnished the ore in the time of the Judges, and do to this day. It was used for making the bedstead of Og, king of Bashan (see bedstead), for the axes and sickles of the Egyptians from time immemorial, and for axes in Palestine in the times of Samson and Elisha; for chains in the time of Jeremiah; harrows in the time of Samuel and David; for mattocks, files, goads, swords, spears, shares, colters, forks, etc., previous to the time of Saul, say about 1100 B. C., and no doubt long before. The Israelites worked in the iron-furnaces of Egypt during their captivity. The rigidity and strength of iron afford a basis for several metaphors in that most ancient and wonderful poem, the Book of Job. The iron-smelting furnaces of Africa are th