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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing) 7 3 Browse Search
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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), California (search)
1, California being under Spanish rule, ten governors were appointed by that power. From 1822 until 1845, being under Mexican domination, her governors (twelve) were appointed from Mexico. From 1846 her governors have been as follows: California republic Governor. Name.Term. John C. Fremont 1846 Provisional or military governors under the United States. Name.Term. Corn. Robert F. Stockton1847 John C. Fremont1847 Gen. Stephen W. Kearny1847 Richard B. Mason1847 to 1849 Gen. Persifer F. Smith1849 Bennett Riley1849 State governors. Name.Term. Peter H. Burnett1849 to 1851 John McDougall1851 to 1852 John Bigler1852 to 1856 J. Neely Johnson1856 to 1858 John B. Weller1858 to 1860 Milton S. Latham1860 John G. Downey1860 to 1862 Leland Stanford1862 to 1863 Frederick F. Low1863 to 1867 Henry H. Haight1867 to 1871 Newton Booth1871 to 1875 Romnaldo Pacheco1875 William Irwin1875 to 1880 George C. Perkins1880 to 1883 George Stoneman1883 to 1887 Washington Bartlet
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Churubusco, battle of (search)
y south the division of Worth was rapidly advancing to storm the redoubt at the bridge. General Scott, at a mile distant from Churubusco, was directing all the movements. The redoubt at the bridge was carried at the point of the bayonet. At the same time Twiggs was assailing the fortified church and hamlet, where a fierce battle raged for some time. There the able Mexican General Rincon commanded, and there three masses of Santa Ana's men opposed General Shields. The veterans of Gen. Persifer F. Smith, who had captured Contreras, were conspicuous in this fearful contest. The most desperate defence at the church was made by deserters from the American army, led by Thomas Riley. The alarmed Mexicans several times hoisted a white flag, in token of surrender, when these Americans with halters about their necks as often tore it down. The battle raged three hours, when the church and the other defences of Churubusco were captured. Meanwhile Generals Shields and Pierce (afterwards
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Contreras, battle of (search)
ugustine, with the strong fortress of San Antonio before him. Close upon his right were the heights of Churubusco, crowned with fortifications finished and unfinished, and manned by several thousand Mexicans; and not far off was the strongly fortified camp of Contreras, on a rugged height, containing between 6,000 and 7,000 men under General Valencia. In the rear of it was Santa Ana with 12,000 men as a reserve. In the afternoon of Aug. 19, Generals Twiggs and Pillow, assisted by Gens. Persifer F. Smith and Cadwallader, attacked the camp of Contreras, and a sharp conflict ensued, with almost continual skirmishing around. This indecisive conflict continued about six hours. At the moment when some Mexican cavalry were preparing for a charge, General Scott arrived at the scene of conflict, and ordered up General Shields with reinforcements. The Mexicans everywhere fought bravely and desperately. When night fell, the wearied Americans lay down and slept in the ravines and among the
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Smith, Persifer Frazer 1798- (search)
Smith, Persifer Frazer 1798- Military officer; born in Philadelphia, Pa., November, 1798; graduated at Princeton in 1815; became a lawyer in New Orleans; was adjutant-general of Louisiana, and a volunteer under General Gaines in two campaigns of the Seminole War as colonel of Louisiana volunteers. When General Taylor went to the Rio Grande in 1846, Smith led a brigade of Louisiana volunteers under him. He was brevetted brigadiergeneral for his services at Monterey, and major-general for gaSmith led a brigade of Louisiana volunteers under him. He was brevetted brigadiergeneral for his services at Monterey, and major-general for gallantry at Contreras and Churubusco in August, 1847. He was a commissioner in arranging the armistice before the city of Mexico, and after the conquest he was made civil and military governor of the city (October, 1847). and commander of the 2d Division of the United States Army. In 1848 he was governor of Vera Cruz, and subsequently commanded the departments of California and Texas. Just before his death, in Fort Leavenworth, Kan., May 17, 1858, lie was appointed to command the Utah exped