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Colonel William Preston Johnston, The Life of General Albert Sidney Johnston : His Service in the Armies of the United States, the Republic of Texas, and the Confederate States., Chapter 5: the Texan Revolution. (search)
enthusiastic men were wasted for the purposes of defense, and their blood served only to immortalize their own heroism, and to consecrate the cause to which it was devoted. Thus, while Santa Anna was assembling his army, and making his preparations for invasion, the hardy but undisciplined militia remained at home. If a man with the true instincts of leadership had been at this juncture at the head of affairs, he could have confronted Santa Anna at San Antonio, or on the banks of the Colorado, with 3,000 or 4,000 men, defeated him, and carried the Texan arms far enough into Mexico to have settled the question of independence forever. As it was, massacre and wide-spread desolation, from the Rio Grande to the Brazos, marked the path of the invader. While the main force of Santa Anna marched on San Antonio, a column under General Urrea swept up the coast-lands, laying waste the country, and surprising and destroying several detachments of volunteers. Urrea slaughtered his prison
Colonel William Preston Johnston, The Life of General Albert Sidney Johnston : His Service in the Armies of the United States, the Republic of Texas, and the Confederate States., Chapter 6: as Texan soldier. (search)
never be found wanting, I shall leave this evening for the west. I will take charge of 200 mounted men at the Colorado, and proceed with them for the purpose of making a reconnaissance. The information I shall gain will enable the Government to act promptly and energetically, if need be. I am ordered to take charge of the military operations. I hope to render a good account if the war goes on. A letter to the same gentleman explains the conclusion of this affair: Mercer's Ferry, Colorado River, January 17, 1838. dear sir: I wrote you in my last of my intention of going to San Antonio de Bexar with a small force, for the purpose of reconnaissance on the frontier, with the view of ascertaining the strength and composition of the enemy's forces, and how far they have been pushed on this side of the Rio Grande. Thus far I have been unable to raise the force I anticipated, the excitement of the false report of the investment of Bexar having subsided. I think it probable I sha
Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume 9. (ed. Reverend J. William Jones), Origin of the banner of the Lone Star, and the Coat of arms of Texas. (search)
hat the prisoners would be returned to the United States in eight days. The Mexicans were again reinforced, and advanced upon Goliad, taking their prisoners with them. Colonel Fannin had become near about exhausted in provisions and ammunition. His command was reduced to two hundred and twenty-six men, and no tidings received from Colonel Ward. He, therefore, concluded to destroy the fort and cut his way through to General Houston's army, one hundred and thirty miles distant on the Colorado river. On the 18th of March, 1836, he evacuted the fort and commenced a retreat. In the afternoon of the same day he was met by the Mexican cavalry, and a large force of infantry. Forming his little band into a hollow square he resisted all the charges of the enemy until night. The loss of the Mexicans was six hundred, and that of the Texans sixty-seven. On the following morning General Urrea received a reinforcement of five hundred fresh troops with a supply of artillery. A surrender be
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Comanche Indians, (search)
Comanche Indians, A roving and warlike tribe of North American Indians of the Shoshone family who, when first known, inhabited the region from the headwaters of the Brazos and Colorado rivers to those of the Arkansas and Missouri, some of their bands penetrating to Santa Fe, in New Mexico, and to Durango, in Mexico. The Spaniards and the tribes on the central plains, like the Pawnees, felt their power in war from an early period. They called themselves by a name signifying live people, believed in one supreme Father, and claim to have come from towards the setting sun. The tribe is divided into several bands, and all are expert horsemen. The French in Louisiana first penetrated their country in 1718, buying horses from them, and in 1724 made a treaty with them. They were then numerous. One village visited by the French had 140 lodges, containing 1,500 women, 2,000 children, and 800 warriors. Until 1783, they had long and bloody wars with the Spaniards, when, their great wa
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Hui Shen, (search)
ulas, etc., we find more than a hint of the second. In fact, the high-priest of Mixteca had the title Taysacca, or the man of Sacca. On an image representing Buddha at Palenque there is the name Chaac-mol, which might have been derived from Sakhyamnui, the full rendering of one of Buddha's names. The Buddhist priests in Tibet and North China are called lamas, and the Mexican priest is known as the tlama. A deified priest or lama, who is said to have lived on a small island near the Colorado River, had the name of Quatu Sacca, which seems to combine the two names Gautama and Sakhya. No very great value, however, is due to any single case of these resemblances to Buddhist names, but there being so many makes it highly probable that they are not all accidental. Again, it is worthy of notice that if fusang was used by Hui Shen to represent the maguey or agave plant, then, as Mexico signifies the place or region of the agave, it follows naturally that if Mexico was the country he vi
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Newberry, John strong 1822-1892 (search)
was appointed secretary of the Western Department of the United States Sanitary commission (q. v.). His district included the whole valley of the Mississippi. He served in this capacity until July, 1866, and during this period disbursed more than $800,000 in cash; placed supplies in the various hospitals to the value of over $5,000,000; and ministered to the necessities and comfort of more than 1,000,000 soldiers. In 1866-92 he was Professor of Geology and Paleontology in Columbia University, in which he established a museum of over 100,000 specimens, most of which he collected himself. His publications include Reports of explorations and surveys to ascertain the most practical and economical route for a Railroad from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean, made in 1853-56; Report upon the Colorado River of the West explored in 1857-58; Report of the exploring expedition from Santa Fe to the Junction of the Grand and Green rivers, etc. He died in New Haven, Conn., Dec. 7, 1892.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Powell, John Wesley 1834- (search)
t Morris, N. Y., March 24, 1834; graduated at Illinois Wesleyan College; served in the 2d Illinois Artillery during the Civil War; lost his right arm at the battle of Shiloh; and was promoted major. In 1869 he explored the Grand Cañon of the Colorado River, and his success in that undertaking resulted in a systematic survey by the Smithsonian Institution, and later by the Department of the Interior. He was made director of the United States bureau of ethnology in 1879, and of the United Statesey by the Smithsonian Institution, and later by the Department of the Interior. He was made director of the United States bureau of ethnology in 1879, and of the United States geological survey in 1880; resigned the latter in 1894, but retained the former. His publications include Explorations of the Colorado River; Report on Geology of the Uinta Mountains; Report on arid regions of United States; Introduction to the study of Indian Languages; Studies in Sociology; Cañons of the Colorado, et
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Reservations,
Indian
(search)
Reservations, Indian In 1900 the Indian reservations in the United States comprised the following: Blackfeet Montana. Cheyenne and Arapahoe Oklahoma. Cheyenne RiverSouth Dakota. Colorado RiverArizona. Colville Washington. Crow Montana. Crow Creek South Dakota. Devil's LakeNorth Dakota. Eastern Cherokee North Carolina. Flathead Montana. Fort Apache Arizona. Fort Belknap Montana. Fort Berthold North Dakota. Fort Hall Idaho. Fort Peck Montana. Grande Ronde Oregon. Green Bay Wisconsin. Hoopa Valley California. Hualapai Arizona. Kiowa Oklahoma. Klamath Oregon. La Pointe Wisconsin. Lemhi Idaho. Lower Brule South Dakota. Mackinac Michigan. Mescalero New Mexico. Mission-Tule River California. NavajoNew Mexico. Neah Bay Washington. Nevada Nevada. New York New York. Nez Perces Idaho. Omaha and Winnebago Nebraska. OsageOklahoma. Pima Arizona. Pine Ridge South Dakota. Ponca, Pawnee, Otoe, and Oakland Oklahoma. Pottawattomie and Great Nemaha Kansas. Pue
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo. (search)
Bernardo Couto, and Don Miguel Atristain on the part of Mexico. It provided for a convention for the provisional suspension of hostilities; for the cessation of the blockade of Mexican ports; for the evacuation of the Mexican capital by the United States troops within a month after the ratification of the treaty, and the evacuation of Mexican territory within three months after such evacuation; for the restoration of prisoners of war; for a commission to survey and define the boundary-lines between the United States and Mexico; for the free navigation of the Gulf of California and the Colorado and Green rivers for United States vessels; freedom of Mexicans in any territory acquired by the United States; Indian incursions; payment of money to Mexico for territory conquered and held, and of debts due citizens of the United States by Mexico; regulation of international commerce, and other minor regulations about property, etc. Both governments ratified the treaty. See Mexico, War with.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), California (search)
max, meaning a hot furnace), a Pacific coast State, lies between lat. 32° 28′ and 42° N., and long. 114° 30′ and 124° 45′ W., having a coast line of over 700 miles. It is bounded on the north by Oregon, east by Nevada and Arizona, south by Mexico, and west by the Pacific Ocean. Population in 1890, 1,208,130; 1900, 1,485,053; area, 158,360 square miles, in fifty-four counties. Capital, Sacramento. Hernando d'alarcon sails to the head of the Gulf of California, and sends boats up the Colorado River......May, 1540 Juan Cabrillo, sailing north, discovers a harbor, supposed to be San Diego Bay, Sept. 28, 1542, and reaches Monterey......Nov. 14, 1542 After Cabrillo's death at San Miguel, Jan. 3, 1543, Farallo, his pilot, reaches a point recorded as 44° N., but now believed to have been Cape Mendocino, 40° 30′ N......March 10, 1543 English explorer Sir Francis Drake touches the coast at lat. 43° N., June, 1579; sailing south, he lands in a bay at Cape of the Kings about
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