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Admiral David D. Porter, The Naval History of the Civil War., Chapter 33: (search)
cross-fire from them all. every fort being armed with the heaviest and most destructive ordnance then known. After crossing the bar. there were several channels leading into Charleston harbor — the Main-Ship Channel. North Channel and Swash Channel. In taking either of these, a vessel would be under a raking and cross fire. Should she get by Sumter, she would still be subjected to a raking fire from that work and the works on the upper part of Sullivan's Island — from Battery Gregg, Fort Johnson, Fort Ripley and Castle Pinkney, and some smaller batteries. To run past these defences, if there were no obstructions in the channel, would be much easier with a small squadron than to stop and give the forts battle with ironclads. This fact was established during the civil war, and the subject has been ably treated in a work published in 1868 by Lieutenant-Colonel Von Sheliha. Before proceeding to attack the defences of Charleston, Rear-Admiral Dupont issued the following order:
Admiral David D. Porter, The Naval History of the Civil War., Chapter 36: operations of the South Atlantic Squadron under Rear-Admiral Dahlgren, 1863.--operations in Charleston harbor, etc. (search)
nsive points at the Narrows, though the channel between them is much wider; and the interior fortifications — Sumter, Moultrie, Cumming's Point, Battery Gregg, Fort Johnson, etc.--were all within the lines of Morris and Sullivan Islands. An attack on Fort Wagner could be made by a naval force without bringing the ships composing ven everything to settle, the Swamp Angel was floated to the point on one of the scows, and mounted. The work was all done at night, as it was in full view of Fort Johnson and the James Island batteries. In reference to the last two engagements with Wagner, Rear-Admiral Dahlgren does not speak of any casualties or damage to ther by the way of Wagner and Gregg, they overlooked entirely the obstacles still remaining on Sullivan's Island to prevent their holding it after capture; while Fort Johnson, Fort Ripley, Castle Pinckney and the iron batteries stood ready to pour in their cross-fire, as they had done when their attack on Sumter opened the Rebellion
Admiral David D. Porter, The Naval History of the Civil War., Chapter 47: operations of South Atlantic Blockading Squadron, under Rear-admiral Dahlgren, during latter end of 1863 and in 1864. (search)
ences as DuPont met with in his first attack. The military and naval attacks were as gallant as anything could be, but, though they achieved a great deal, they did not succeed in driving the enemy out of Wagner before he had time to convert Fort Johnson from a very imperfect work into a powerful fort. Moultrie received similar advantages, and most of the cannon of Sumter were divided between Johnson and Moultrie. Batteries were established along the south shore of the channel from Fort JohnFort Johnson towards the city; and thus an interior defence was completed that rendered access to the upper harbor far more difficult than it was before, because a heavy fire could be concentrated from additional batteries upon vessels attempting to enter. In fact, the enemy had profited by the experience gained in their outer defences, and had placed their guns so as to obtain a concentrated fire. When the troops who garrisoned Wagner were informed that the interior forts were completed, they quietly
Admiral David D. Porter, The Naval History of the Civil War., Chapter 52: operations about Charleston, 1865.--fall of Charleston, Savannah, etc. (search)
and captured. The powerful defences on Sullivan's Island, the shapeless but still formidable ruins of Sumter, the numerous great earth-works clustered around Fort Johnson, Castle Pinckney and the heavy water batteries that lined the wharves, looked grim and terrible, though deserted. They were a monument to the zeal, ability annity of the rope obstructions, between Sumter and Moultrie, and seven (7) at the entrance of the Hog Island Channel. Others were directed to be laid down from Fort Johnson to Castle Pinckney, which seems to have been deferred until the attack began. One of those near the obstructions was encountered by the Monitor Patapsco, onunds of powder, to be exploded by a galvanic battery connected by an insulated wire. Three of these were located in the main channel between Battery Bee and Fort Johnson; the wire rope of each was led to Sullivan's Island, and all were found in good condition. Persevering efforts were made by the squadron divers to follow th