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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Coinage, United States (search)
on, said Wood had the conscience to make thirteen shillings out of a pound of brass. The power of coinage was exercised by several of the independent States from 1778 until the adoption of the national Constitution. A mint was established at Rupert, Vt., by legislative authority in 1785, whence copper cents were issued, bearing on one side a plough and a sun rising from behind hills, and on the other a radiated eye surrounded by thirteen stars. Some half-cents also were issued by the Vermontntre, the sentence We are one. On the other side a sun-dial, with the sun above it, and the word Fugio; and around whole, Continental currency, 1776. Below the dial, Mind business. A few of these pieces, it is said, were struck in a mint at Rupert, Vt. The national Constitution vested the right of coinage exclusively in the national government. The establishment of a mint was authorized by act of Congress in April, 1792, but it did not go into full operation until 1795. During the interv
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Hudson Bay Company, the. (search)
Hudson Bay Company, the. In 1666 Captain Gillam was sent from England in a ship to search for a northwest passage to India through Hudson Bay. He sailed into Baffin Bay but was turned back at lat. 75° N. by the ice-pack. He then entered Hudson Bay, and sailed to the southern end of it, where, at the mouth of a river which he named Rupert, he built a fort which he named Charles, and laid the foundations of a fur-trade with the natives. Two years afterwards the Hudson Bay Company was chartered. The King gave to Prince Rupert, and several lords, knights, and merchants associated with him, a charter, under the title of the Governor and Company of Adventurers of England trading into Hudson's Bay. The charter ceded to the company the whole trade of the waters within the entrance to Hudson Strait and of the adjacent territories. The original sum invested by the company was a little more than $50,000. No trade in the world was so profitable as that engaged in by the Hudson Bay Comp