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G. S. Hillard, Life and Campaigns of George B. McClellan, Major-General , U. S. Army, Chapter 2 : (search)
William Tecumseh Sherman, Memoirs of General William T. Sherman ., volume 1, Chapter 3 : Missouri , Louisiana , and California . 1850 -1855 . (search)
John M. Schofield, Forty-six years in the Army, Index (search)
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Alexander , Edward Porter , 1835 - (search)
Alexander, Edward Porter, 1835-
Engineer; born in Washington, Ga., May 26, 1835; was graduated at the United States Military Academy, and commissioned a second lieutenant in the United States Engineer Corps in 1857, resigned and entered the Confederate army in 1861; served with the Army of Northern Virginia from the beginning to the close of the war, attaining the rank of brigadier-general and chief of ordnance.
In 1866-70 he was Professor of Mathematies and Engineering in the University of South Carolina; in 1871-92 engaged in railroad business; and in 1892-94 was a member of the Boards on Navigation of the Columbia River, Ore., and on the ship-canal between Chesapeake and Delaware bays.
Subsequently he was engineer-arbitrator of the boundary survey between Costa Rica and Nicaragua.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Astor , John Jacob , 1763 -1848 (search)
Astor, John Jacob, 1763-1848
Merchant; born in Waldorf, Germany, July 17, 1763.
Joining his brother, a dealer in musical instruments in London, at the age of sixteen, he remained until he was twenty.
when, with a small stock of furs, he began
John Jacob Astor. business in New York.
He built up a vast fur-trade with the Indians, extending his business to the mouth of Columbia River, on the Pacific coast, where he founded the trading station of Astoria in 1811.
By this and other operations in trade, and by investments in real estate, he accumulated vast wealth.
He bequeathed $400,000 for establishing a library in the city of New York, which for many years was known by his name, and now forms a part of the New York Public Library.
He died in New York City, March 29, 1848.
Astoria,
A city in Oregon.
at the mouth of the Columbia River, founded in 1810 by John Jacob Astor (q. v.) as a station for his fur-trade.
It is the subject of a picturesque descriptive work entitled Astoria, by Washington Irving (1836). lrving never visited the station, but wrote from documents furnished by Astor.
and from recollections of another Northwestern fur-trading post.
In 1900 the population was 8,381.
See Oregon.
Chinook Indians,
A former distinct and interesting nation in the Northwest.
They once inhabited the country on each side of the Columbia River from the Grand Dalles to its mouth.
The Chinooks proper were on the north side of that stream, and the other division, called Clatsops, were on the south side and along the Pacific coast.
Broken into roving bands, they began fading away, and the nation has become almost extinct; and their language, corrupted by French and English traders, is almost obliterated.
There are a very few of them in the State of Washington.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Clark , William 1770 -1838 (search)
Clark, William 1770-1838
Military officer; born in Virginia, Aug. 1, 1770; removed to what is now Louisville, Ky., in 1784.
He was appointed an ensign in the army in 1788; promoted lieutenant of infantry in 1792; and appointed a member of Captain Lewis's expedition to the mouth of the Columbia River in 1804.
The success of the expedition was largely due to his knowledge of Indian habits.
Afterwards he was made brigadier-general for the Territory of upper Louisiana; in 1813-21 was governor of the Mississippi Territory; and in 1822-38 superintendent of Indian affairs in St. Louis.
He died in St. Louis, Mo., Sept. 1, 1838.
See Clark, George Rogers; Lewis, Meriwether.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Corwin , Thomas 1794 -1865 (search)