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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Anderson, Robert, -1871 (search)
s in Charleston Harbor, and urged the necessity of immediately strengthening them. He told the Secretary of War that Fort Moultrie, his Headquarters, was so weak as to invite attack. Fort Sumter and Castle Pinckney, he said, must be garrisoned immsources, was; compelled to assume grave responsibilities. He began to strengthen Castle Pinckney, near the city, and Fort Moultrie. When the South Carolina ordinance of secession had passed, menaces became more frequent and alarming. He knew thathe was conscious that the latter were liable to be attacked at any moment. He knew, too, that if he should remain in Fort Moultrie, their efforts would be successful. Watch-boats were out continually spying his movements. He had applied to the government for instructions, but receive none. and he determined to leave Fort Moultrie with his garrison and take post in stronger Fort Sumter. This he did on the evening of Dec. 26. The vigilance of the Confederates had been eluded, They, amazed,
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Buchanan, James, (search)
erson (q. v.) reached Washington. The cabinet assembled at noon. They had a stormy session. Floyd demanded of the President an order for Anderson's return to Fort Moultrie. urging that the President, if he should withhold it, would violate the solemn pledges of the government. The President was inclined to give the order, but tst. It is said that at that time he was in continual fear of assassination. On the morning after the cabinet meeting referred to. news came of the seizure of Fort Moultrie and Castle Pinckney. The President breathed more freely. The Confederates had committed the first act of war, and he felt relieved from his pledges. He pererom South Carolina, with the accompanying documents, and copies of my answer thereto, dated Dec. 31. In further explanation of Major Anderson's removal from Fort Moultrie to Fort Sumter. it is proper to state that after my answer to the South Carolina commissioners the War Department received a letter from that gallant officer,
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Charleston, S. C. (search)
ricans lost but two killed and twenty-one wounded. Three days afterwards the British all departed for New York; and the fort, so gallantly defended, was called Fort Moultrie in honor of its commander. Sir Henry Clinton sailed from New York on Christmas Day, 1779, for the purpose of invading South Carolina. He took with him the eck. Commodore Whipple had sunk some of his armed vessels in the channels of the harbor, after transferring the cannon and seamen to the land fortifications. Fort Moultrie was well garrisoned. The invading troops appeared before the defences of Charleston March 29, and the fleet entered the harbor, unmolested, April 9. On the by the British troopers. The arrival of Cornwallis (April 19) with 3,000 fresh troops rendered an evacuation impossible. The siege continued about a month. Fort Moultrie surrendered on May 6, when a third demand for the surrender of the city was made and refused. Late on the succeeding evening a severe cannonade was opened upo
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Cockburn, Sir George 1772-1853 (search)
), carrying with them cattle and other property, and many slaves, to whom they falsely promised their freedom. These, and others obtained the same way, Cockburn sold in the West Indies on his private account. Leaving Pamlico Sound, the marauders went down the coast, stopping at and plundering Dewees's and Capers's islands, and filling the whole region of the lower Santee with terror. Informed of these outrages, the citizens of Charleston prepared for the reception of the marauders. Fort Moultrie and other fortifications were strengthened, breast-works were thrown up at exposed places. and a body of militia was gathered at Point Pleasant. In anticipation of the coming of an army of liberation. as they were falsely informed Cockburn's men were, the negroes were prepared to rise and strike for freedom. Cockburn did not venture into Charleston Harbor, but went down to Hilton Head, from which he carried off slaves and cattle. Then he visited the Georgia coast, and at Dungenness
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Gardner, John Lane 1793-1869 (search)
Gardner, John Lane 1793-1869 Military officer; born in Boston, Mass., Aug. 1, 1793; took part in the War of 1812 as lieutenant of infantry; was also in the war with the Seminoles in Florida and in the Mexican War, where he received brevets for gallant conduct at the battles of Cerro Gordo and Contreras. He was in command at Charleston when South Carolina seceded, but was relieved from his command by order of Secretary Floyd. He was succeeded in the command of Fort Moultrie by Maj. Robert Anderson. He died in Wilmington, Del., Feb. 19, 1869. See Moultrie,. Fort.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Moultrie, Fort, seizure of (search)
Moultrie, Fort, seizure of Major Anderson abandoned weaker Fort Moultrie, and went to stronger Fort Sumter, on the evening of Dec. 26, 1860. He left officers and men to spike the guns, burn the carriages, and cut down the flag-staff, that no other banner might occupy the place of the national flag. The bewildered citizens of Charleston saw the smoke of the burning carriages at dawn, and when they knew its origin, the disunionists were greatly exasperated. The Secession convention requeslina, and thus 70,000 stand of arms and a vast amount of stores, valued at $500,000, were placed in the hands of the enemies of the government. Men of Charleston, equipped with these weapons, went in two armed steam-vessels and seized Castle Pinckney (which was surrendered by its commander, N. L. Coste), and took possession of dismantled Fort Moultrie in the name of the sovereign State of South Carolina. The fort was strengthened, new breastworks were constructed, and heavy guns were mounted.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Osceola (search)
ginning Osceola opposed the removal of the Seminoles from Florida, and he led them in a war which began in 1835 and continued about seven years. Treacherously seized while under the protection of a flag of truce, Oct. 22, 1837, he was sent to Fort Moultrie, where he was prostrated by grief and wasted by a fever, and finally Osceola's grave. died, Jan. 30, 1838. A monument was erected to his memory near the main entrance-gate of Fort Moultrie. His loss was a severe blow to the Seminoles, wrom Florida, and he led them in a war which began in 1835 and continued about seven years. Treacherously seized while under the protection of a flag of truce, Oct. 22, 1837, he was sent to Fort Moultrie, where he was prostrated by grief and wasted by a fever, and finally Osceola's grave. died, Jan. 30, 1838. A monument was erected to his memory near the main entrance-gate of Fort Moultrie. His loss was a severe blow to the Seminoles, who continued the war feebly four or five years longer.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Revolutionary War, (search)
Adams, Roger Sherman, Benjamin Harrison, James Wilson, and Edward Rutledge; Richard Peters elected secretary June 12, 1776 American forces under General Sullivan retire from Canada to Crown Point, N. Y. June 18, 1776 Unsuccessful attack on Fort Moultrie by British fleet under Sir Peter Parker June 28, 1776 Declaration of Independence adopted by Congress July 4, 1776 Declaration of Independence read to the army in New York by order of General Washington July 9, 1776 British General Lord Hoter a visit to France, bringing a commission from the French government to Washington as lieutenant-general and vice-admiral of France, so that he may be commander-in-chief of the united forces of France and the United States May 11, 1780 Fort Moultrie, S. C., surrendered to Captain Hudson of the British navyMay 6, 1780 Charleston, S. C., capitulatesMay 12, 1780 Massacre of Americans under Colonel Buford at Waxhaw, on the North Carolina border, by British under Tarleton May 29, 1780 General
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Rutledge, John 1739-1800 (search)
w in London; returned to Charleston in 1761; and soon afterwards rose to eminence in his profession. In 1765 he was a member of the Stamp Act Congress that met in New York City; in 1774 of the South Carolina convention of patriots; and of the first Continental Congress, at Philadelphia, the same year. He was also in Congress in 1775, and was chairman of John Rutledge the convention that framed the State constitution of South Carolina in 1776. By his vigilance and activity he saved Fort Moultrie from the effects of an order by General Lee to evacuate it when attacked by the British; and he was elected president of the State under the new constitution. In 1779 he was chosen governor, and the legislature made him a temporary dictator when Charleston was threatened with siege. In the fall of Charleston (May, 1780), Rutledge went to North Carolina, and accompanied the Southern army until 1782, when he was elected to Congress. He was chosen chancellor of South Carolina in 1784; w
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Seminole Indians (search)
treacherous Osceola any more. The conference was held in a grove of magnolias in a dark swamp. As the chief arose to speak Jesup gave a signal, when two or three of his soldiers rushed forward and seized and bound Osceola with strong cords. He made no resistance, but several of his excited followers drew their gleaming hatchets from their belts. They were restrained by the arms of Jesup's troops, and were dismissed without their leader. Osceola was sent to Charleston and confined in Fort Moultrie, where he died, Jan. 31, 1839. Jesup was severely censured for this violation of the sanctity of a flag of truce; but his plea in justification was that it was the only way to stop the distressing war, for Osceola, could not be held by the most solemn obligations of a treaty. The distressing war had been created by the avarice and greed of the white people, who were seeking, by legal pretences or the unjust violence of the military arm, to drive an ancient nation from their rightful so
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