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Plato, Republic, Book 4, section 441d (search)
the individual is brave, thereby and so is the state brave, and that both should have all the other constituents of virtue in the same wayCf. Meno 73 C, Hippias Major 295 D. A virtual synonym for TW=| AU)TW=| EI)=DEI, Meno 72 E.?” “Necessarily.” “Just too, then, Glaucon, I presume we shall say a man is in the same way in which a city was just.” “That too is quite inevitable.” “But we surely cannot have forgotten this, that the state was just by reason of each of the three classes found in it fulfilling its own function.” “I don't think we have forgotten,” he said. “We must remember, then, that each of us
Plato, Republic, Book 4, section 444a (search)
that presides over such conduct; and believing and naming the unjust action to be that which ever tends to overthrow this spiritual constitution, and brutish ignorance, to be the opinionE)PISTH/MHN . . . DO/XAN: a hint of a fundamental distinction, not explicitly mentioned before in the Republic. Cf. Meno 97 B ff. and Unity of Plato's Thought, pp. 47-49. It is used here rhetorically to exalt justice and disparage injustice.A)MAQI/A is a very strong word, possibly used here already in the special Platonic sense: the ignorance that mistakes itself for knowledge. Cf. Sophist. that in turn presidesE)PISTATOU=SAN: Isocrates would have used a synonym inste
Plato, Republic, Book 5, section 469a (search)
Hallowed spirits dwelling on earth, averters of evil, Guardians watchful and good of articulate-speaking mortals?” Hes. WD 121“We certainly shall believe him.” “We will inquire of Apollo,Cf. 427 B-C. then, how and with what distinction we are to bury men of more than human, of divine, qualities, and deal with them according to his response.E)CHGH=TAI: cf. 427 C.” “How can we do otherwise?” “And ever afterTO\N LOIPO\N DH\ XRO/NON: cf. Pindar in Meno 81 C, Phaedo 81 A. we will bestow on their graves t
Plato, Republic, Book 6, section 488b (search)
on pretenders to knowledge Cf. Laches 185 E, 186 A and C, Alc. I. 109 D and Gorg. 514 B-C. or any time when he studied it. And what is more, they affirm that it cannot be taught at all,Plato of course believed that virtue or the political art can be taught in a reformed state, but practically was not taught at Athens. Cf. Unity of Plato's Thought, p. 14, on 518 D, What Plato Said, pp. 70 and 511, Newman, Introd. Aristot.Pol. p. 397, Thompson on Meno 70 A. but they are ready to make mincemeat of anyoneA hint of the fate of Socrates. Cf. 517 A, 494 E and Euthyphro 3 E. who says that it can be taught,
Plato, Republic, Book 6, section 489a (search)
is fashion?” “Quite so,” said Adeimantus. “You take my meaning, I presume, and do not require us to put the comparison to the proofPlato like some modern writers is conscious of his own imagery and frequently interprets his own symbols. Cf. 517 A-B, 531 B, 588 B, Gorg. 493 D, 517 D, Phaedo 87 B, Laws 644 C, Meno 72 A-B, Tim. 19 B, Polit. 297 E. Cf. also the cases where he says he cannot tell what it is but only what it is like, e.g.Rep. 506 E, Phaedr. 246 A, Symp. 215 A 5. and show that the conditionDIA/QESIS and E(/CIS are not discriminated by Plato as by Aristotle. we have described is the exact counterp
Plato, Republic, Book 6, section 489d (search)
495 C ff. to that way of life, those whom you had in mind when you affirmed that the accuser of philosophy says that the majority of her followersPossibly “wooers.” Cf. 347 C, 521 B. Plato frequently employs the language of physical love in speaking of philosophy. Cf. 495-496, 490 B, Theaet. 148 E ff., Pheado 66 E, Meno 60 B, Phaedr. 266 B, etc. are rascals and the better sort useless, while I admittedCf. Theaet. 169 D. that what you said was true. Is not that so?” “Yes.”“Have we not, then, explained the cause of the uselessness of the better sort?” “We have.” “Shall we next set forth the inevitableness of the degeneracy of the majority, and try to
Plato, Republic, Book 6, section 491b (search)
atically.” “Observe, then, the number and magnitude of the things that operate to destroy these few.” “What are they?” “The most surprising fact of all is that each of the gifts of nature which we praise tends to corrupt the soul of its possessor and divert it from philosophy. I am speaking of bravery, sobriety, and the entire list.Cf. Burton, Anatomy, i. 1 “This St. Austin acknowledgeth of himself in his humble confessions, promptness of wit, memory, eloquence, they were God's good gifts, but he did not use them to his glory.” Cf. Meno 88 A-C, and Seneca, Ep. v. 7 “multa bona nostra nobis nocent.”” “That does sound like a
Plato, Republic, Book 6, section 492a (search)
42 D. and planted and grown in the wrong environment, the outcome will be quite the contrary unless some god comes to the rescue.This is the QEI=A MOI=RA of 493 A and Meno 99 E. Cf. What Plato Said, p. 517. Or are you too one of the multitude who believe that there are young men who are corrupted by the sophists,See What Plato Said, pp. 12 ff. and on Meno 93-94. Plato again anticipates many of his modern critics. Cf. Grote's defence of the sophists passim, and Mill, Unity of Religion（Three essays on Religion, pp. 78, 84 ff.). and that there are sophists in private lifeI)DIWTIKOU/S refers to individual sophists as opposed to
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