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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 5 1 Browse Search
The picturesque pocket companion, and visitor's guide, through Mount Auburn 2 0 Browse Search
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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), P. (search)
ers or by a portecrayon. The kind of pencils known as lead-pencils is made from graphite, otherwise known as plumbago or blacklead. The latter two names are misnomers, as no portion of lead enters into its composition. See graphite. Graphite is a soft variety of carbon, sometimes containing a small proportion of iron. It is found in many parts of the world, but few localities yield it of sufficient purity for making pencils. For many years the best obtainable was from the mine of Borrowdale, Cumberland, England, discovered in 1564. It was locally known as wad. This mine gave England the monopoly of the finest quality of pencils, and the amount taken from the mines yearly was strictly limited in order to keep up the price. The annual product was valued at £ 40,000. This source of supply eventually failed, but the loss was scarcely felt, as a number of other mines had been discovered in various parts of the world. The ancients drew lines and letters with leaden styles, and
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), R. (search)
that direction, also greatly increases the mean rainfall. In Ireland and the West of England a larger quantity falls than in Central and Eastern England; the amount at Liverpool exceeding that of London by about one half, while at Seathwaite, Borrowdale, in Cumberland, the annual fall reaches the, for that latitude, extraordinary amount of 141.54 inches; this is, however, principally due to the high ranges of hills eastward of this place. At Sitka, Alaska, and Bergen, Norway, where both theJohn, N. B.51.12 To these may be added the following figures of foreign rainfall:— London, England24.4 Liverpool, England34.5 Manchester, England36.2 Bath, England30.0 Truro, England44.0 Cambridge, England24.9 York, England23 Borrowdale, England141.54 Dublin, Ireland29.1 Cork, Ireland40.2 Limerick, Ireland35 Armagh, Ireland36.12 Aberdeen, Scotland28.87 Glasgow, Scotland21.33 Bergen, Norway88.61 Stockholm20.4 Copenhagen18.35 Berlin23.56 Mannheim22.47 Prague14.1 Cracow1
The picturesque pocket companion, and visitor's guide, through Mount Auburn, Miscellanies. (search)
ings through the grass;--Here, 'midst the chambers of the Christian's sleep, We o'er death's gulf may look with trusting eye, For hope sits dove-like on the gloomy deep, And the green hills wherein these valleys lie Seem all one sanctuary Of holiest thought;--nor needs their fresh, bright sod, Urn, wreath, or shrine, for tombs all dedicate to God. I remember a spot among the Cumberland hills that might have inspired even poetry like this. It was the little church, (and church-yard) of Borrowdale;--the smallest building of its class in England, it is stated. Mr. Wordsworth, who lives in the neighborhood, said it was no bigger than a cottage, and thus indeed it seemed, when, at the end of a long ramble, I found it so nestled away in the niche of a hill-side, so buried and wrapped in shade and solitude, that it was difficult to realize how even the narrow space within its walls should ever be filled by human worshippers. Another such picture the pedestrian may have to think of, who