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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), A. (search)
he so-called steam-engines of Baptista Porta, 1600; De Caus, 1620; Marquis of Worcester, 1655; Savery, 1698. See steam-engine. For many years past — probably a centle; it was the invention of one Caravagio of Sienna in Italy. The Marquis of Worcester, 1655, suggests that the tinder-box may form a serviceable pistol. This is aarm-bell. Euteneur's lock-alarm. A-larm′--lock. In the Marquis of Worcester's Century of inventions, No. 72, A. D. 1655, a lock is referred to which, if ed-plate from the walls, and the carriage is then withdrawn with its load. Worcester's annealing oven. In wood's patent, July 9, 1867, the sheets are compressh was square. — Don Juan. An arithmometer was suggested by the Marquis of Worcester in his Century of inventions, but was not described. It was adapted for addi form of faucets, which were turned by hand at the proper times, as we see in Worcester's, Papin's, and Savery's engines. The same plan was adopted in Newcomen's un<
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), B. (search)
ufacture of army shoes, appear to have fallen into disuse at the close of the war, and were never introduced into private establishments, the style of work probably not being suited to the demands of the public. A long-legged boot made in Worcester, Mass., for the Pennsylvania coal-mines, is the most durable piece of furniture ever constructed of leather and iron. The soles are about three quarters of an inch thick, projecting like the guards of a Mississippi steamer. The heel also projects associated with devices for lighting a lamp, and in one case (Powell, July 23, 1861) having an arrangement for upsetting the bed, and thereby calling the attention of the sleeper to the disturbance. The contrivance instanced by the Marquis of Worcester, with alarm, fire, tinder, and pistol, is described in his Century of inventions, and is cited ante, page 56. One device has a hinged plate on the threshold of the door, and partially concealed by the carpet. The foot of a person entering t
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), C. (search)
nt thickness of tallow has accumulated on the wick. The candle-dipper shown is intended to give a determinate weight to any number of candles. The wicks are suspended on rods from one end of the balance-bar, and a weight is placed in the scale at the other end. The wicks are repeatedly dipped into the tallow-vat until they acquire the desired weight. Dipping-machine. Can′dle-mold. The Sieur Le Brez of Paris is said to have been the inventor of molding candles. The Marquis of Worcester in his Century of inventions, 1655, speaks of brass candle-molds in which a man may make 500 dozen in a day. He adds an ingredient to whiten, cheapen, and render the candle more lasting. At the present day; candle-molds are usually made of pewter or tin; in some cases glass has been employed. They may be inserted in a wooden frame, the upper part of which serves as a trough; or several molds may be permanently attached to a tin trough, the whole constituting a single mold. Each mold c
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), D. (search)
De-tached′ work. （Fortification.) A work included in the defence, but placed outside the body of the place. De-tach′ing horses from Car′riages. A means for suddenly releasing an unmanageable team from the vehicle. The Marquis of Worcester, in his Century of inventions, 1655, describes an apparatus of this kind, under command of the passengers, in which, by means of a T-ended lever, two or four bolts could be simultaneously drawn inwards, and the horses thereby released with the in the fens of Lincolnshire. About 1708, Savery patented a steam dredgingmachine for raising ballast from the Thames. In 1796, Watt made a steam dredger for deepening Sunderland Harbor. The dredging-machine described by the Marquis of Worcester was a water-screw, but the bottom made of iron plate, spade-wise, which at the side of a boat emptieth the mud of a pond or raiseth gravel. The dredging-machine described in the Theatrum Instrumentorum et Machinarum, 1578, was rather an ele
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), F. (search)
, which are found in the most perfect fonts, and used in astronomical, classic, commercial, musical, chemical, botanical, arithmetical, and mathematical dissertations. For these, see an excellent digest on pp. 1692 – 96 of Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, edition of 1867. Almost every science has symbols of its own. Algebra has one set, chemistry another. For a dictionary which attempts to represent the minute shades of pronunciation a great number are required. Thus in Webster or Worcester, what with letters with dots above and dots below, lines above, below, and across, there are probably a hundred additional characters. Some foreign languages have a very complicated alphabet. The Greek, with its accents and breathings, requires about 200. Formerly there were so many logotypes and abbreviations as to require 750 sorts. The Oriental alphabets are complex. The Hebrew, with the Masoretic points, requires about 300 sorts, many differing only by a point, stroke, or angle.
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), L. (search)
x, England. In the case of the Hadstock church, the microscope has determined the truth of the tradition, for a portion having been removed and tested, it proved to be the skin of a fair-haired person. Upon the north doors of the cathedral at Worcester was formerly nailed the skin of a person who had sacrilegiously robbed the high altar. The doors date from the end of the fourteenth century, and have been long ago removed, but were lately still to be seen in the crypt. The use of the huma, one stirrup is made effective, and a dog retains the rack at the obtained elevation. The other end of the lever is then depressed with a repetition of the result stated. b is a similar arrangement for hoisting, described by the Marquis of Worcester in his Century of inventions, 1655, and stated to have been seen by him in the Arsenal of Venice. The cross-bar at the midlength of the lever has a fulcrum on alternate sides of the frame. The teeth are pivoted, and yield as the cross-bar pre
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), M. (search)
gazine is in the stock, as in the Spencer, Meigs, and others. 3. Those in which the magazine is a separate piece attachable to the gun when required, as in the Elliot carbine, the Gatling battery-gun, etc. See battery-gun. The Marquis of Worcester (d. 1667), in his Cen- tury of Inventions, refers to an often-discharging pistol, but does not describe it. In 1575, several of such arms were stored in the Tower of London. Porta, in his Natural Magick, 1658, speaks of a great brass gun, or coal-mining machine. Min′ing-pump. Pumps for mines and water-works have been on the most extended scale, and the former were for a long time the principal objects upon which the steam-engine was employed. The successive improvements of Worcester, Savary, Newcomen, and Watt were all directed toward one object, that of lifting water, which preceded by many years the useful application of the steam-engine to the purposes of locomotion, either upon land or water. The mines of Cornwall (wh
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), P. (search)
teresting and comprehensive dissertation on this subject, see Perpetuum Mobile, Dircks, London, 1861. The Marquis of Worcester, in his Century of inventions, refers to a number of contrivances which appear through the fog of the descriptions to b crossed the Euphrates by a boat-bridge during the Mithridatic war. Portable bridges were designed by the Marquis of Worcester, 1655; Leonardo da Vinci, 1452-1520; Bourne, 1578; and by others a little later. It was so much the fashion of that dael kiln. Printing on porcelain, or the transferring of printed impressions to biscuit, was introduced by Dr. Wale of Worcester about 1751. The Prussians refer the discovery of the process to the year 1757. Porch. （Architecture.) A coverethe first, so far as we know, to suggest raising water by means of a steam-engine, 1698. The devices of the Marquis of Worcester and Savery were not engines. They were water-raising devices, in which steam pressed upon the surface of water in a tan
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), S. (search)
lied to pumping and grinding1629 Marquis of WorcesterEnglishSteam water-elevator (two boilers actircester's water-elevator. The Marquis of Worcester's water commanding engine, as he called it, though its glory has sadly departed. The Worcester apparatus was in no proper sense an engine, be raised. The time of engines was not yet. Worcester raised 40 pounds of water (hight not stated,at of priority, the claims of the Marquis of Worcester are reduced to a mere duplication, alternated to the respective claims of the Marquis of Worcester and Savery, and it has been much embittered e Savery apparatus which distinguish it from Worcester's. Savery separates the heating-chamber frenchman De Caus over the English Marquis of Worcester would exalt the Italian Baptista Porta over same argument that Desaguliers uses to exalt Worcester over Savery would place the Italian Porta ovars since at the Massachusetts State Fair at Worcester, was not larger than an ordinary ice-cream f[20 more...]
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), U. (search)
mbination of mechanical devices through which the valves of a steam or other engine are operated. These are shown in the various engines to which they are specially applied. See cut-off; link-motion; steam-hammer; steam-pump; portable engine; Cornish En-Gine; draining-engine; stationary engine; oscillating-En-Gine; etc. See list under steam-engine; and also list under valve. The first means for shutting and opening the passages in the pipes of steam-engines were cocks, as we see in Worcester's, Papin's, Savery's, and Newcomen's; and these were all worked by hand and required close attention. A boy named Humphrey Potter being in charge of the cocks of one of Newcomen's pumping-engines, and desiring time for play (it is said), managed to fasten the lever-handles of the spigots by means of rods and string to the walking-beam of the engine, so that each recurrent motion of the beam effected the change required. This was the first automatic valve-motion, and was afterward improv
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