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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), America, discoverers of. (search)
On Aug. 1 the same summer Columbus discovered the continent of South America, near the mouth of the Orinoco River. Americus Vespucius, a Florentine, and an agent of the de Medici family of Florence, was in Spain when the great discovery of Columbus was made. In May, 1499. Vespucius sailed from Spain with Alonzo de Ojeda as an advanturer and self-constituted geographer for the new-found world. They followed the southern track of Columbus in his third voyage, and off the coast of Surinam, South America, they saw the mountains of the continent. That was a year after Columbus first saw the continent of America. On his return, in 1500. Vespucius gave an account of the voyage in a letter to Lorenzo de‘ Medici (for text of letter, see Americus Vespucius). He made other voyages, and in a letter to Rene. Duke of Lorraine, written in 1504, he gave an account of his four voyages, in which he erroneously dated the time of his departure on his first voyage May 29, 1497, or a year or more
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Americus Vespucius, 1451-1512 (search)
t of the Medici family of Florence, and he became personally acquainted with the discoverer. That acquaintance Americus Vespucius. inspired the Florentine with an ardent desire to make a voyage to the newly found continent, and he was gratified when, in 1499, he sailed from Spain with Alonzo de Ojeda as an adventurer and self-constituted geographer of the expedition. Ojeda followed the track of Columbus in his third voyage, and discovered mountains in South America when off the coast of Surinam. He ran up the coast to the mouth of the Orinoco River (where Columbus had discovered the continent the year before), passed along the coast of Venezuela, crossed the Caribbean Sea to Santo Domingo, kidnapped some natives of the Antilles. and returned to Spain in June, 1500, and sold his victims for slaves to Spanish grandees. In May, 1501, Vespucius, then in the service of the King of Portugal, sailed on his second voyage to America, exploring the coast of Brazil. In 1503 he commanded
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Ames, Fisher, 1758-1808 (search)
ent a justification for the deed by trivial calculations of commercial profit and loss. This is little worthy of the subject, of this body, or of the nation. If the treaty is bad, it will appear to be so in its mass. Evil, to a fatal extreme, if that be its tendency, requires no proof; it brings it. Extremes speak for themselves and make their own law. What if the direct voyage of American ships to Jamaica, with horses or lumber, might net 1 or 2 per centum more than the present trade to Surinam — would the proof of the fact avail anything in so grave a question as the violation of the public engagements? . . . Why do they complain that the West Indies are not laid open? Why do they lament that any restriction is stipulated on the commerce of the East Indies? Why do they pretend that, if they reject this and insist upon more, more will be accomplished? Let us be explicit — more would not satisfy. If all was granted, would not a treaty of amity with Great Britain still be obn
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), U. S. S. Constitution, or old Ironsides, (search)
of the war. From this time the Constitution was ranked among the seamen as a lucky ship, and she was called Old Ironsides. Gold box presented to Bainbridge by the City of New York. When Bainbridge relinquished the command of the Constitution, in 1813, she was thoroughly repaired and placed in charge of Capt. Charles Stewart. She left Boston Harbor, for a cruise, on Dec. 30, 1813, and for seventeen days did not see a sail. At the beginning of February, 1814, she was on the coast of Surinam, and, on the 14th, captured the British war-schooner Picton, sixteen guns, together with a letter-of-marque which was under her convoy. On her way homeward she chased the British frigate La Pique, thirty-six guns, off Porto Rico, but she escaped under cover of the night. Early on Sunday morning, April 3, when off Cape Ann, she fell in with two heavy British frigates (the Junon and La Nymphe); and she was compelled to seek safety in the harbor of Marblehead. She was in great peril there f
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Franklin, Benjamin 1706-1790 (search)
must have known and remembered it), that these colonies had been planted and established Without any expense to the state. New York is the only colony in the founding of which England can pretend to have been at any expense, and that was only the charge of a small armament to take it from the Dutch, who planted it. But to retain this colony at the peace, another at that time fully as valuable, planted by private countrymen of ours, was given up by the crown to the Dutch in exchange—viz., Surinam, now a wealthy sugar colony in Guiana, and which, but for that cession, might still have remained in our possession. Of late, indeed, Britain has been at some expense in planting two colonies, Georgia and Nova Scotia, but those are not in our confederacy; and the expense she has been at in their name has chiefly been in grants of sums unnecessarily large, by way of salaries to officers sent from England, and in jobs to friends, whereby dependants might be provided for; those excessive gran
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), New York, colony of (search)
, including the region of country between the Hudson and Delaware rivers; and in August the same year an English fleet appeared before New Amsterdam and demanded its surrender. Governor Stuyvesant resisted for a while, but was compelled to comply, and the whole territory claimed by the Dutch passed into the possession of the English on Sept. 8, 1664. At the treaty of peace between England and Holland, the Dutch were allowed to New York City Hall and docks in 1679. retain the colony of Surinam, in Guiana, England retaining New York. Edmund Andros was appointed governor, and a formal surrender of the province occurred in October. In 1683 Thomas Dongan became governor, and, under instructions from the Duke of York, he called an assembly of representatives chosen by the people, and a charter of liberties was given to the colonists. This was the foundation of representative government in New York; but the privileges promised were denied. When James was driven from the throne, and
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), United States of America. (search)
in to meet charges; reaches Cadiz......June 11, 1496 Patent from Henry VII. of England to John Cabot and his three sons......March 5. 1495-96 John Cabot discovers the North American continent......June 24, 1497 Columbus sails with six ships on his third voyage, May 30; discovers Trinidad, July 31; lands on terra firma without knowing it to be a new continent, naming it Isla Santa......Aug. 1, 1498 Discovers the mouth of the Orinoco......August, 1498 Alonso de Ojeda discovers Surinam, June; and the Gulf of Venezuela. Amerigo Vespucci accompanies him on this voyage......1499 Amerigo Vespucci's first voyage......1499 Vicente Yañez Pinzon discovers Brazil, Jan. 20, and the river Amazon......Jan. 26, 1500 Pedro Alvarez de Cabral, of Portugal, discovers Brazil, April 22, and takes possession of for the King of Portugal......May, 1500 Gasper Cortereal, in the service of Portugal, discovers Labrador......1500 Francisco de Bobadilla appointed governor of Hispani