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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing) 2 0 Browse Search
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 2 0 Browse Search
Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Cheerful Yesterdays 2 0 Browse Search
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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Federal Union, the John Fiske (search)
nomadic life the aggregation of clans makes ultimately the tribe, so in the more advanced agricultural life of our Aryan ancestors the aggregation of marks or village-communities makes ultimately the gau or shire. Properly speaking, the name shire is descriptive of division and not of aggregation; but this term came into use in England after the historic order of formation had been forgotten, and when the shire was looked upon as a piece of some larger whole, such as the kingdom of Mercia or Wessex. Historically, however, the shire was not made, like the departments of modern France, by the division of the kingdom for administrative purposes, but the kingdom was made by the union of shires that were previously autonomous. In the primitive process of aggregation, the shire or gau, governed by its witenagemote or meeting of wise men, and by its chief magistrate who was called ealdorman in time of peace and heretoga, army-leader, dux, or duke, in time of war,—the shire, I say, in this f
, practiced in Bohemia. They were introduced into England by a native of Artois about the beginning of the fifteenth century, but their use was opposed by physicians from the supposition that they made the beer unwholesome. The cultivation was forbidden by acts of Henry VI. and Henry VIII., but eventually survived this injurious legislation. The manufacture of beer must have been carried on to a considerable extent among the Anglo-Saxons, as ale is mentioned in the laws of Ina, king of Wessex, and at after periods. Malting is the first step in the process of making fermented liquors from grain, and for this any of the cereals, such as wheat, oats, buckwheat, rice, or Indian corn, may be employed, but the preference has been universally given to barley. The barley is steeped, to saturate and swell the grain, laid in piles to germinate, being spread and turned to allow access of air; when the stem or acrospire has nearly reached the end of the kernel, the germination is stopp
Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Cheerful Yesterdays, chapter 13 (search)
epeated more emphatically, Of Nahant! He calls it in that way, but common people say Nahant! Then the audience took the point, and, being largely Irish, responded enthusiastically. Now, Mr. Lodge had only pronounced the name of his place of residence as he had done from the cradle, as his parents had said it before him, and as all good Bostonians had habitually pronounced it, with the broad sound that is universal among Englishmen, except-as Mr. Thomas Hardy has lately assured me — in the Wessex region; while this sarcastic young political critic, on the other hand, representing the Western and Southern and Irish mode of speech, treated this tradition of boyhood as a mere bit of affectation. One forms unexpected judgments of characters, also, on the platform. I can remember one well-known lawyer,--not now living,with whom I was at several times associated, and whose manner to an audience, as to a jury, was so intolerably coaxing, flattering, and wheedling that it always left me