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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Bemis's Heights, battles of. (search)
dings from Clinton. On Oct. 4, he called a council of officers. It was decided to fight their way through the American lines, and, on the morning of oct. 7, 1777, the whole army moved. Towards the American left wing Burgoyne pressed with 1,500 picked men, eight brass cannon, and two howitzers, leaving the main army on the heights in command of Brigadiers Specht and Hamilton, and the redoubts near the river with Brigadier-General Gall. Phillips, Fraser, and Riedesel were with Burgoyne. Canadian rangers, loyalists, and Indians were sent to hang on the American rear, while Burgoyne should attack their front. This movement was discerned before the British were ready for battle. The drums of the American advanced guard beat to arms. The alarm ran all along the lines. Gates had 10,000 troops — enough to have crushed the weakened fee if properly handled. he inquired the cause of the disturbance, and then permitted Colonel Morgan to begin the game. Morgan soon gained a good positio
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Free thought. (search)
lican nor Jesuit. Railroads have broken into the rural seclusion which favored the ascendency of the priest. Popular education has made some way. Newspapers have increased in number and are more read. The peasant has been growing restive under the burden of tithe and fabrique. Many of the habitants go into the Northern States of the Union for work, and return to their own country bringing with them republican ideas. Americans who have been shunning continental union from dread of French-Canadian popery may lay aside their fears. It was a critical moment for the Catholic Church when she undertook to extend her domain to the American Republic. She had there to encounter a genius radically opposed to her own. The remnant of Catholic Maryland could do little to help her on her landing. But she came in force with the flood of Irish, and afterwards of South German, emigration. How far she has been successful in holding these her lieges would be a question difficult to decide, as it
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Marcy, William learned 1786-1857 (search)
Marcy, William learned 1786-1857 Statesman; born in Southbridge, Mass., Dec. 12, 1786; graduated at Brown University in 1808, and taught school in Newport, R. I., for a while. He began the practice of law in Troy, N. Y., and, as an officer of militia, volunteered his services in the War of 1812. He had the honor of taking the first prisoners captured on land, by seizing, Oct. 22, 1812, a corps of Canadian militia at St. Regis. Their flag was the first trophy of the kind captured during the war. In 1816 Captain Marcy was recorder of Troy, where also he edited the Troy Budget, a leading Democratic newspaper. In 1821 he was adjutant-general of the State, and State comptroller in 1823. He was made associate justice of the New York Supreme Court in 1829; was United States Senator from 1831 to 1833; and governor from 1833 to 1839. In 1839-42 he was a commissioner to decide upon the claims of the Mexican government, and in 1845-49 was Secretary of War. Governor Marcy opposed all i
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Omaha, (search)
p been more forcibly illustrated than in the achievements of the people from beyond the Mississippi. It would not be easy to estimate the value of such an exposition as this in illustrating to the nation at large the immense resources of the region which lies in the great Mississippi basin and contiguous to it. The exhibits of the mining, the manufacturing, the agriculture, the forestry, the horticulture, the commerce were an epitome of the business of this vast region extending from the Canadian line to the Gulf of Mexico. The States themselves, through appropriations, provided the funds to show to the world the best of the material resources of their commonwealths; and while art and music and all phases of the aesthetic were not neglected, it was the fine panorama of the material West which afforded the most interest. Cast in a different figure, this Trans-Mississippi Exposition was an epitome of the wealth—and not only of the wealth, but of the progress—of the great central re
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Protection. (search)
uccess of this free-trade effort in the United States must prove to Great Britain. The steady argument of the free-trader is that, if the steamship lines were established, we could not increase our trade because we produce under our protective tariff nothing that can compete in neutral markets with articles of the like kind from England. How, then, can the freetrader explain the fact that a long list of articles manufactured in the United States find ready and large sale in Canada? The Canadian tariff is the same upon English and American goods. Transportation from England to Quebec or Montreal is cheaper than from the manufacturing centres of the United States to the same points. The difference is not great, but it is in favor of the English shipper across the seas, and not of the American shipper by railway. It is for the freetrader to explain why, if the cost of transportation be made the same, the United States cannot compete with England in every country in South America i
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), St. Lawrence, movement on the (search)
St. Lawrence, movement on the When news of the declaration of war between the United States and Great Britain (June, 1812) reached Ogdensburg, N. Y., on the St. Lawrence, eight American schooners—trading vessels—lay in the harbor. They endeavored to escape into Lake Ontario, bearing away affrighted families and their effects. An active Canadian partisan named Jones had raised a company of men to capture them. He gave chase in boats, overtook the unarmed flotilla at the foot of the Thousand Islands, captured two of the schooners, and emptied and burned them (June 29). A rumor was circulated that the British were erecting fortifications among the Thousand Islands, and that expeditions of armed men were to be sent across the St. Lawrence to devastate American settlements on its borders. General Brown and Commander Woolsey, of the Oneida, were vested with ample power to provide for the defence of that frontier. Colonel Benedict, of St. Lawrence county, was ordered to guard the