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f age. He left Philadelphia for Cambridge a week later, where he arrived on July 2; and at about nine o'clock on the morning of the 3d, standing in the shade of an elm-tree in Cambridge, he formally assumed the command of the army, then numbering about 16,000 men, all New-Englanders. The following were appointed his assistants: Artemas Ward, Charles Lee, Philip Schuyler, and Israel Putnam, major-generals; and Seth Pomeroy, Richard Montgomery, David Wooster, William Heath, Joseph Spencer, John Thomas, John Sullivan, and Nathaniel Greene, brigader-generals. Horatio Gates was appointed as adjutant-general. The pay of a major-general was fixed at $166 a month; of a brigadier-general, $125; of the adjutant-general, $125; commissary-general of stores and provisions, $80; quartermaster-general, $80; deputy quartermaster-general, $40: paymaster-general, $100; deputy paymaster-general, $50; chief-engineer, $60; assistant engineer, $20; aide-de-camp, $33; secretary to the general, $66; secre
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Atlanta, (search)
val at the Chattahoochee until the middle of July, 1864. Sherman was 8 miles from the city. On the 17th he resumed offensive and active operations, by throwing Thomas's army across the Chattahoochee, close to Schofield's right, with directions to move forward. McPherson moved against the railway east of Decatur, and destroyed (July 18) 4 miles of the track. Schofield seized Decatur. At the same time Thomas crossed Peach-tree Creek, on the 19th, in the face of the Confederate intrenchments, skirmishing heavily at every step. At this juncture, General Rousseau, who had swept through Alabama and northern Georgia, joined Sherman with 2,000 cavalry. On rates gave way and fell back to their defences. The losses on both sides were heavy. That of the Nationals was 3,722, of whom about 1,000 were prisoners. Generals Thomas and Schofield having well closed up, Hood was firmly held behind his inner line of intrenchments. Sherman concluded to make a flank movement, and sent Stonem
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Beecher, Lyman, 1775-1863 (search)
Beecher, Lyman, 1775-1863 Clergyman; born in New Haven, Conn., Oct. 2, 1775; was graduated at Yale in 1797, and ordained in 1799. In 1832 he accepted the presidency of lance Seminary. Cincinnati, and served the seminary in that capacity twenty years. He had seven sons, all of whom became Congregational clergymen — William, Edward, George. Henry Ward, Charles, Thomas, and James. His daughters were Catharine Beecher, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Mary Beecher Perkins, and Isabella Beecher Hooker. He died in Brooklyn, Jan. 10, 186
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Bunker Hill, battle of. (search)
husetts forces. These provincial troops completely blockaded Boston on the land side, and effectively held the British troops as prisoners on the peninsula. Gen. Artemas Ward, the military head of Massachusetts, was regarded, by common consent, as the commander-in-chief of this New England army. The Americans had thrown up only a few breastworks — a small redoubt at Roxbury, and some breastworks at the foot of Prospect Hill, in Cambridge. The right wing of the besieging army, under Gen. John Thomas, was at Roxbury, consisting of 4,000 Massachusetts troops, four artillery companies, a few fieldpieces, and some heavy cannon. The Rhode Island forces were at Jamaica Plain, under General Greene, with a regiment of Connecticut troops under General Spencer. General Ward commanded the left wing at Cambridge. The Connecticut and New Hampshire troops were in the vicinity. It was made known to the committee of safety that General Gage had fixed upon the night of the 18th of June to sall
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), New Orleans. (search)
the batteries on the levee were demolished, and the invaders ran helter-skelter to the ditch for protection. Under cover of the ensuing night, they crawled back to their camp, dragging with them a part of their cannon over the oozy ground. It was a bitter New Year's Day for the British army. They had been without food or sleep for sixty hours. There was joy in the American camp. It was increased when Gen. John Adair announced that more than 2,000 drafted men from Kentucky, under Maj.-Gen. John Thomas, were near. They arrived at New Orleans on the morning of the 4th, and 700 of them were sent to the front under Adair. Pakenham now conceived the hazardous plan of carrying Jackson's lines by storm on both sides of the river. Those on the right bank were under the command of General Morgan. Jackson penetrated Pakenham's design on the 6th, and he disposed his forces accordingly. The New Orleans troops and a few others were placed on the right of the intrenchments, and fully t
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Paine, Robert treat, Jr. 1773-1811 (search)
Paine, Robert treat, Jr. 1773-1811 Poet, son of the signer; born in Taunton, Mass., Dec. 9, 1773; graduated at Harvard University in 1792; was originally named Thomas, but in view of the character of Thomas Paine, author of Common sense, he had it changed by the legislature, he desiring, as he said, to bear a Christian name. He became a journalist and a poet, and was the author of the popular ode entitled Adams and liberty. He became a lawyer in 1802, and retired from the profession in 1809. His last important poem—The Steeds of Apollo—was written in his father's house in Boston. He died in Boston, Nov. 13, 1811. Adams and liberty. In the spring and early summer of 1798 a war-spirit of great intensity excited the American people. The conduct of France towards the United States and its ministers had caused the American government to make preparations for war upon the French. In June Paine was engaged to write a patriotic song to be sung at the anniversary of the Massach
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Republican army, (search)
Republican army, The name given the American army that invaded Canada in 1776. Gen. John Thomas was sent to take the command of the patriot troops in Canada. He arrived at Quebec May 1, 1776, and found 1,900 soldiers, one-half of whom were sick with small-pox and other diseases. Some of them were also clamorous for a discharge, for their term of enlistment had expired. He was about to retreat up the St. Lawrence, when reinforcements for Carleton arrived, and the garrison of Quebec sallied out and attacked the Americans, who in their weakness fled far up the river to the mouth of the Sorel. There General Thomas died of smallpox (June 2), when the command devolved on General Sullivan. After meeting with disaster at Three Rivers, the latter was compelled to fly up the Sorel before an approaching force under Burgoyne, and he pressed on by Chambly to St. John. Arnold, at Montreal, seeing approaching danger, abandoned that city and joined Sullivan at Chambly; and on June 17 all th
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Resaca, battle of (search)
eneral Sherman, instead of attacking General Johnston at Dalton, flanked him and caused him to leave Dalton and take post at Resaca, on the Oostenaula River, where the railway between Chattanooga and Atlanta crosses that stream. In so doing, General Thomas had quite a sharp Scene at the battle of Resaca. engagement at Buzzard's Roost Gap on May 7. Meanwhile the Army of the Ohio (Schofield) pressed heavily on Johnston's right, and the Army of the Tennessee (McPherson) appeared suddenly beforehreaten Calhoun, farther south. At the same time Garrard's cavalry moved towards Rome. Meanwhile Sherman was severely pressing Johnston at all points, and there was a general battle at Resaca during the afternoon and evening of May 15, in which Thomas, Hooker, and Schofield took a principal part. Hooker drove the Confederates from several strong positions and captured four guns and many prisoners. That night Johnston abandoned Resaca, fled across the Oostenaula, firing the bridges behind h
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Revolutionary War, (search)
. Jan. 1, 1776 Norfolk, Va., partly burned by Governor Dunmore Jan. 1, 1776 Battle of Moore's Creek, N. C.: McDonald's loyalists routed by militia; seventy killed and wounded. Feb. 27, 1776 Silas Deane appointed political agent to the French Court March 2, 1776 Howe evacuates Boston March 17, 1776 Congress authorizes privateeringMarch 23, 1776 Congress orders the ports open to all nations April 6, 1776 North Carolina declares for independence April 22, 1776 American forces under Gen. John Thomas retire from the siege of Quebec May 6, 1776 Rhode Island, May 4; Massachusetts, May 10; and Virginia, May 14, declare for independence 1776 Congress advises each colony to form a government independent of Great Britain May 15, 1776 Resolution introduced in Congress by Richard Henry Lee, that the United Colonies are and ought to be free and independent States; that they are absolved from all allegiance to the British crown, and that their political connection with Great Britain is
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Thomas, Jane (search)
Thomas, Jane Heroine; born in Chester county, Pa., in the eighteenth century; wife of Col. John Thomas, of the South Carolina Spartan Regiment. Prior to the Revolutionary War Colonel Thomas, learning that a large party of Tories was on the way to seize the ammunition that Gov. John Rutledge had left in his charge, fled, carrColonel Thomas, learning that a large party of Tories was on the way to seize the ammunition that Gov. John Rutledge had left in his charge, fled, carrying with him a part of the powder. Two men and two women, one of whom was Mrs. Thomas, remained in charge of the house. When the place was attacked the woman loaded the gun while the men kept up an incessant firing till the enemy withdrew. It was said that the ammunition thus saved was the main supply for the troops of Sumter n, one of whom was Mrs. Thomas, remained in charge of the house. When the place was attacked the woman loaded the gun while the men kept up an incessant firing till the enemy withdrew. It was said that the ammunition thus saved was the main supply for the troops of Sumter during the skirmishes around Hanging Rock and Rocky Mount.