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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing) 17 1 Browse Search
Frank Preston Stearns, Cambridge Sketches 8 0 Browse Search
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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Hartford, (search)
teamers. It is one of the wealthiest cities in the United States for its size, and the greatest insurance city in the world. Among its noteworthy buildings are the State Capitol, Trinity College, Hartford Theological Seminary, Wadsworth Atheneum, American School for Deaf Mutes, Colt Memorial Church, State Armory, and many elegant residences. The State library, in the Capitol, contains pictures of the governors of the colony and State, and in the park are statues of General Putnam and Dr. Horace Wells, one of the alleged discoverers of anesthesia, and a Soldiers' and Sailors' Memorial Arch. The city is noted also for the extent and variety of its manufactures, which include machinery, bicycles, fire-arms, motor vehicles, silk goods, drop-forgings, metal castings, cyclometers, envelopes, etc. English emigrants from Cambridge, Mass., reached the vicinity of the present city in 1635, and in the following year a considerable number of members of the church at Cambridge (then Newtown)
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Hull, William 1753-1825 (search)
pear in history untarnished. He died in Newton, Mass., Nov. 29, 1825. When General Hull arrived near Detroit with his army, July 6, 1812, he encamped at Spring Wells, opposite Sandwich, where the British were casting up intrenchments. His troops were anxious to cross the Detroit River immediately and invade Canada, but Hull ha sufficient force to land in the face of the enemy at Sandwich, so he resorted to strategy. Towards the evening of July 11 all the boats were sent down to Spring Wells in full view of the British, and Colonel McArthur, with his regiment, marched to the same place. After dark troops and boats moved up the river unobserved to Bloody Run, above Detroit. The British, finding all silent at Spring Wells, believed the Americans had gone down to attack Malden, 18 miles below, so they left Sandwich and hurried to its defence. At dawn there were no troops to oppose the passage of the Americans, and Hull's troops passed the river unmolested. Colonel Cass hoisted
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Jackson, James 1757-1806 (search)
military service; and was brigade-major of the Georgia militia in 1778. He took part in the defence of Savannah; and, when the British seized it at the close of 1778, he fled to South Carolina, where he joined General Moultrie. His appearance was so wretched while in his flight, that he was arrested, tried, and condemned as a spy, and was about to be executed, when a reputable citizen of Georgia, who knew him, saved him. Jackson fought a duel James Jackson. in March, 1780, with Lieutenant-Governor Wells, killing his antagonist, and being severely wounded himself. He joined Col. Elijah Clarke, and became aide to Sumter. With Pickens he shared in the victory at the Cowpens. He afterwards did good service as commander of a legionary corps, and was presented with a dwelling in Savannah by the Georgia legislature. In 1786 he was made brigadier-general, and in 1788 was elected governor of Georgia, but the latter office he declined. From 1789 to 1791 he was a member of Congress, and
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Johnston, William 1780- (search)
thizers in the movement to join in the strife. The leaders regarded him as a valuable assistant, for he was thoroughly acquainted with the whole region of the Thousand Islands, in the St. Lawrence, from Kingston to Ogdensburg. He was employed to capture the steamboat Robert Peel, that carried passengers and the mail between Prescott and Toronto, and also to seize the Great Britain, another steamer, for the use of the patriots. With a desperate band, Johnston rushed on board of the Peel at Wells's William Johnston. Island, not far below Clayton, on the night of May 29, 1838. They were armed with muskets and bayonets and painted like Indians, and appeared with a shout, Remember the Carolina! —a vessel which some persons from Canada had cut loose at Schlosser (on Niagara River), set on fire, and sent blazing over Niagara. Johnston's commission. Falls. The passengers and baggage of the Peel were put on shore and the vessel was burned, because her captors could not manage her. G
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Morton, William Thomas Green 1819-1868 (search)
t pain. At the request of Dr. John C. Warren, ether was administered to a man in the Massachusetts General Hospital, from whose groin a vascular tumor was removed while the patient was unconscious. Dr. Morton obtained a patent for his discovery in November, 1846, under the name of Letheon, offering, however, free rights to all charitable institutions; but the government appropriated his discovery to its use without compensation. Other claimants arose, notably Dr. Charles T. Jackson and Horace Wells, and he suffered great persecution in private and before Congress. His business was ruined, and at the end of eight years of ineffectual struggle to procure from Congress remuneration for his discovery he and his family were left in poverty. Honorable medical men of Boston, New York, and Philadelphia assigned to Dr. Morton the credit of the great discovery — the most important benefaction ever made by man to the human race —and Samuel George Morton, M. D. said so by signing an appeal
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Wells, Horace 1815-1848 (search)
Wells, Horace 1815-1848 Dentist; born in Hartford, Vt., Jan. 21, 1815; received an academic education and after learning dentistry began practice in his native city, in 1840; after long seeking a means of preventing pain while extracting teeth, he made several unsuccessful experiments with various substances, and then declared that the only efficient treatment was that of nitrous oxide. It was not, however, until Dec. 11, 1844, that he put this agent into practical use, by having a tooth egan to use the gas in extracting teeth from other persons. He was the author of A history of the application of nitrous-oxide gas, ether, and other vapors to surgical operations. He died in New York City, Jan. 24, 1848. A bronze statue of Dr. Wells has since been erected in Bushnell Park, Hartford, bearing an inscription crediting him with the discovery of anesthesia, although his claims and those of Drs. Charles T. Jackson, John C. Warren, William T. G. Morton, and Gardiner Q. Colton, fo
Frank Preston Stearns, Cambridge Sketches, Dr. W. T. G. Morton (search)
of surgery, but he would seem to have lost confidence in his method and afterwards abandoned it. In December, 1844, Horace Wells, a dentist of Hartford, had a tooth extracted by his own request while under the influence of nitrous oxide; and the fd, --working half the night with an instrumentmaker to devise a suitable apparatus for inhalation. Doctor Jackson and Horace Wells also presented their claims to the committee and were respectfully considered. The report of this committee is a vao judge fairly of the circumstances attending the advent of painless surgery. The committee decided unanimously that Doctor Wells did not carry his experiments far enough to reach a decided result; that Doctor Jackson's testimony was contradictory disuse. Half a million would not have been more than Morton deserved, and a hundred thousand might have been bestowed on Wells. Doctor Morton must have thought now that the clouds were lifting for him at last; but they soon settled down darker t