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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Ha'rpalus (search)
ce of the treasury, and in this capacity accompanied Alexander to Asia. But he proved unfaithful to his trust, and shortly before the battle of Issus was induced (probably by the consciousness of peculation and the fear of punishment) to take to flight. He made his escape to Greece, and was lingering at Megara, when he received letters from Alexander intreating his return, and promising entire forgiveness for the past. He, in consequence, rejoined the king at Tyre on his return from Egypt (B. C. 331), and not only obtained the promised pardon, but was reinstated in his former important situation. (Plut. Alex. 10; Arrian, Arr. Anab. 3.6.) When Alexander, after the conquest of Persia and Media, determined to push on into the interior of Asia, in pursuit of Dareius, he left Harpalus at Ecbatana, with 6000 Macedonian troops, in charge of the royal treasures. From thence he appears to have removed to Babylon, and to have held the important satrapy of that province as well as the administra
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Hege'lochus (search)
Granicus, in B. C. 334, he led a body of cavalry which was sent forward to watch the enemy's movements. In the following year Amphotorus was appointed to command the fleet in the Hellespont, and Hegelochus was associated with him as general of the forces, with a commission to drive the Persian garrisons from the islands in the Aegean. In this he was fully successful, the islanders being themselves anxious to throw off the Persan yoke; and he brought the news of his success to Alexander in B. C. 331, when the king was engaged in the foundation of Alexandria. In the same year he commanded a troop of horse at the battle of Arbela ; and in the confession of Philotas, in B. C. 330, he is mentioned as having died in battle. According to the statements of Philotas under the torture, on which, however, no dependence can be placed, Hegelochus, indignant at Alexander's assumption of divine honours, had instigated Parmenion to form a plot against the king's life. (Arr. Anab,. 1.13, 3.2, 11; Cur
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Leo AEGYPTIUS (search)
istes, " and expounded the popular mythology to Alexander the Great, in a manner which, though differing from those rationalistic explanations received in Greece, accorded with them in making the gods (including even the dii majorum gentium) to have been originally men. Augustin refers to an account of the statements of Leo contained in a letter of Alexander to his mother. It is to be observed, that although Leon was high in his priestly rank at the time when Alexander was in Egypt (B. C. 332-331), his name is Greek; and Arnobius (Adv. Gentes, 4.29) calls him Leo Pellaeus, Leo of Pella, an epithet which Fabricius does not satisfactorily explain. Worth (Not. ad Tatian. p. 96, ed. Oxford, 1700) would identify our Leo with Leo of Lampsacus, the husband of Themista or Themisto, the female Epicurean (D. L. 10.5. 25). But the husband of Themista was more correctly called Leonteus, while the Egyptian is never called by any other name than Leo. Arnobius speaks in such a way as to lead us to t
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Leonna'tus (search)
ssassin Pausanias. (Diod. 16.94.) Though he accompanied Alexander on his expedition to Asia, he did not at first hold an equally distinguished position in the service of the young king: he was only an officer of the ordinary guards (e(tai=roi) when he was sent by Alexander after the battle of Issus to announce to the wife of Dareius the tidings of her husband's safety. (Arr. Anab. 2.12.7; Curt. iii, 12; Diod. 17.37; Plut. Alex. 21.) Shortly after, however, during Alexander's stay in Egypt (B. C. 331), Leonnatus was appointed to succeed Arrhybas as one of the seven swmatofu/lakes (Arr. Anab. 3.5, 6.28), and from this time forward his name continually occurs, together with those of Hephaestion, Perdiccas, and Ptolemy, among the officers immediately about the king's person, or employed by him on occasions requiring the utmost confidence. Thus we find him making one of the secret council appointed to inquire into the guilt of Philotas; present at the quarrel between Alexander and Cleitus,
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Ma'dates (search)
Ma'dates called by Diodorus MA'DETAS, (*Made/tas), a general of Dareius, who defended a strong mountain--fortress of the Uxii against Alexander the Great, when the latter wished to penetrate from Susiana into Persis towards the end of B. C. 331. He was pardoned by Alexander at the entreaties of Sisygambis, the mother of Dareius, a niece of whom he had married. (Curt. 5.3; Diod. 17.67.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Marcellus Clau'dius Marcellus was the name of the most illustrious plebeian family of the Claudia gens. Plutarch states (Marc. 1) that the conqueror of Syracuse was the first person who bore this cognomen, but this is certainly a mistake. At what time it was first introduced we know not, but the first person of the name who appears in history is the consul of B. C. 331. [No. 1.]
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Marcellus Clau'dius 1. M. Claudius Marcellus was consul in B. C. 331, the year that was distinguished for the execution of above seventy Roman matrons on the charge of poisoning. In 327 he was named dictator, for the purpose of holding the comitia, but his nomination was set aside by the augurs, on pretence of some informality, a proceeding vehemently arraigned by the tribunes of the people, who justly attributed the conduct of the augurs to their unwillingness to see a plebeian dictator. (Liv. 8.18, 23.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Ma'ximus, Fa'bius 1. Q. Fabius Maximus, M. F. N. N., with the agnomen RULLIANUS or RULLUS, was the son of M. Fabius Ambustus, consul B. C. 360. (Liv. 8.33.) He was curule aedile in B. C. 331, when, through the information of a female slave, he discovered that the mortality prevailing at Rome arose from poison administered by women to their husbands. (Liv. 8.18; V. Max. 2.5.3; Oros. 3.10.) Fabius was master of the equites to L. Papirius Cursor in B. C. 325, whose anger he incurred by giving battle to the Samnites near the Imbrivian or Simbrivian hills during the dictator's absence, and contrary to his orders. Victory availed Fabius nothing in exculpation. The rods and axes were ready for his execution, and a hasty flight to Rome, where the senate, the people, and his aged father interceded for him with Papirius, barely rescued his life, but could not avert his degradation from office. (Liv. 8.29-35; Dio Cass. Fr. Mai; V. Max. 2.7.8; Frontin. Strat. 4.1.39; Aurel. Vict. Vir. Ill. 31, 3
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Mazaeus (search)
Mazaeus 2. A Persian officer who was sent by Dareius, at the head of a small force, to guard the passage of the Euphrates, at Thapsacus, and ravage the district through which Alexander was likely to pass. He prevented the troops sent forwards by Alexander from completing the bridges which they had begun to throw across the river, but retired on the approach of Alexander himself, and rejoined Darei us. His name occurs several times in the account of the manoeuvres which preceded the battle of Gaugamela, and in the battle itself he headed the Persian cavalry, with which he sorely pressed Parmenio, while a detachment by his orders assaulted the Macedonian camp. After the flight of Dareius he retreated with the remnants of the army to Babylon, but made a voluntary surrender on the approach of Alexander, who appointed him satrap of Babylon, B. C. 331. (Arrian, 3.7.2, 4.18.4, 7.18.1; Curt. 4.9. §§ 7, 12, 14, 4.12. §§ 1, 15, 4.15.5, 4.16. §§ 1, 7, 5.1. §§ 17, 43, 5.8.12.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Menander (search)
Menander （*Me/nandros). 1. An officer in the service of Alexander, one of those called e(tai=roi, but who held the command of a body of mercenaries. He was appointed by Alexander, during the settlement of the affairs of Asia made by that monarch when at Tyre (B. C. 331), to the government of Lydia, and appears to have remained at that post till the year 323, when he was commissioned to conduct a reinforcement of troops to Alexander at Babylon, where he arrived just before the king's last illness. (Arrian, Arr. Anab. 3.6.12, 7.23.2.) In the division of the provinces, after the death of Alexander, he received his former government of Lydia, of which he hastened to take possession. (Arrian, apud Phot. p. 69b.; Dexippus, ibid. p. 64a.; Just. 13.4; Curt. 10.30.2; Diod. 18.3, erroncouly has Meleager instead.) He appears to have early attached himself to the party of Antigonus, to whom he was the first to give information of the ambitious schemes of Perdiccas for marrying Cleopatra. (Arri
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