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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Alexis (search)
raecia (Suidas s. v. *)/Al.), but admitted subsequently to the privileges of an Athenian citizen, and enrolled in the deme *Oi)=on, belonging to the tribe Leontis. (Steph. Byz. s. v.) He was the uncle and instructor of Menander. (Suidas s. v. *)/Alecis; Proleg. Aristoph. p. xxx.) When he was born we are not expressly told, but he lived to the age of 106 (Plut. Defect. Orac. p. 420e.), and was living at least as late as B. C. 288. Now the town of Thurii was destroyed by the Lucanians about B. C. 390. It is therefore not at all unlikely that the parents of Alexis, in order to escape from the threatened destruction of their city, removed shortly before with their little son to Athens. Perhaps therefore we may assign about B. C. 394 as the date of the birth of Alexis. He had a son Stephanus, who also wrote comedies. (Suidas l.c.) He appears to have been rather addicted to the pleasures of the table. (Athen. 8.344.) According to Plutarch (De Senis Administ. Reipubl. p. 785b.), he expired
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Ama'docus (search)
Ama'docus 1. King of the Odrysae in Thrace, was a friend of Alcibiades, and is mentioned at the time of the battle of Aegospotami, B. C. 405. (Diod. 13.105.) He and Seuthes were the most powerful princes in Thrace when Xenophon visited the country in B. C. 400. They were, however, frequently at variance, but were reconciled to one another by Thrasybulus, the Athenian commander, in B. C. 390, and induced by him to become the allies of Athens. (Xen. Anab. 7.2.32, 3.16, 7.3, &c., Hell. 4.8.26; Diod. 14.94.) This Amadocus may perhaps be the same as the one mentioned by Aristotle, who, he says, was attacked by his general Seuthes, a Thracian. (Pol. 5.8, p. 182, ed. Göttling.
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Ambustus (search)
Ambustus 2. M. Fabius Ambustus, Pontifex Maximus in the year that Rome was taken by the Gauls, B. C. 390. His three sons [see Nos. 3, 4, and 5] were sent as ambassadors to the Gauls, when the latter were besieging Clusium, and took part in a sally of the besieged against the Gauls. The Gauls demanded that the Fabii should be surrendered to them for violating the law of nations; and upon the senate refusing to give up the guilty parties, they marched against Rome. The three sons were in the same year elected consular tribunes. (Liv. 5.35, 36, 41; Plut. Cam. 17.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Ambustus (search)
Ambustus 5. Q. Fabius Ambustus, M. F. Q. N., son of No. 2 and brother to Nos. 3 and 4, consular tribune in B. C. 390. [See No. 2.]
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Brennus (search)
Brennus 1. The leader of the Gauls, who in B. C. 390 crossed the Apennines, took Rome, and overran the centre and the south of Italy. His real name was probably either Brenhin, which signifies in Kymrian "a king," or Bran, a proper name which occurs in Welsh history. (Arnold's Rome, vol. i. p. 524.) This makes it probable that he himself, as well as many of the warriors whom he led, belonged to the Kymri of Gaul, though the mass of the invaders are said by Livy (5.35) and by Diodorus (14.13) to have been Senones, from the neighbourhood of Sens, and must therefore, according to Caesar's division (B. G. 1.1) of the Gallic tribes, have been Kelts. Little is known of him and his Gauls till they came into immediate contact with the Romans, and even then traditionary legends have very much obscured the facts of history. It is clear, however, that, after crossing the Apennines (Diod. 14.113; Liv. 5.36), Brennus attacked Clusium, and unsuccessfully. The valley of the Clanis was then open
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Caedi'cius (search)
Caedi'cius 2. M. Caedicius, is said to have told the tribunes of the plebs, in B. C. 391, that he had heard, in the silence of the night, a superhuman voice, commanding him to inform the magistrates that the Gauls were coming. (Liv. 5.32; Plut. Camill. 14; Zonaras, 7.23.) This appears to be the same Caedicius, a centurion, who was elected as their commander by the Romans that had fled to Veii after the destruction of the city by the Gauls, B. C. 390. He led out his countrymen against the Etruscans, who availed themselves of the misfortunes of the Romans to plunder the Veientine territory. After this he proposed that Camillus should be invited to become their general, and according to another account he himself carried to Camillus the decree of the senate appointing him to the command. (Liv. 5.45, 46; Appian, Celt. 5.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Camillus (search)
ungrateful country might soon be in a condition to stand in need of him. During his absence he was condemned to pay a fine of 15,000 heavy asses. The time for which he had prayed soon came; for the Gauls advanced through Etruria towards Rome, and the city, with the exception of the capitol, was taken by the barbarians, and reduced to ashes. In this distress, Camillus, who was living in exile at Ardea, was recalled by a lex curiata, and while yet absent was appointed dictator a second time, B. C. 390. He made L. Valerius Potitus his magister equitum, assembled the scattered Roman forces, consisting partly of fugitives and partly of those who had survived the day on the Allia, and marched towards Rome. Here he took the Gauls by surprise, and defeated them completely. He then entered the city in triumph, saluted by his fellowcitizens as alter Romulus, pater patriae, and conditor alter urbis. His first care was to have the temples restored, and then to rebuild the city. The people, who we
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Capitoli'nus, Ma'nlius 3. A. MANLIUS CN. N. CAPITOLINUS VULSO, A. F., thrice consular tribune, in B. C. 405, 402, and 397. In B. C. 390 he was one of the ambassadors whom the senate sent to Delphi, to dedicate there the golden crater which Camillus had vowed. In the straits of Sicily the ambassadors fell in with pirates of Lipara and were made prisoners, but they were restored to freedom and treated with distinction at Lipara, when it became known who they were. (Liv. 4.61, 5.8, 16, 28.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Capitoli'nus, Ma'nlius 4. M. Manlius Capitolinus, T. F. A. N., the famous deliverer of the Capitol from the Gauls, was consul in B. C. 392 with L. Valerius Potitus. An insignificant war was carried on in that year against the Aequians, for which Manlius was honoured with an ovation, and his colleague with a triumph. Rome was visited at the time by a pestilence, and as the two consuls were seized with it, they were obliged to abdicate, and an interreign followed. In B. C. 390, when the Gauls one night endeavoured to ascend the Capitol, Manlius, whose residence was on the Capitol, was roused from his sleep by the cackling of the geese, and on discovering the cause of it, he and as many men as he could collect at the moment hastened to the spot where the Gauls were ascending, and succeeded in repelling them. This gallant and successful deed was rewarded the next day by the assembled people with all the simple and rude honours and distinctions which were customary at the time. He is said
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Cine'sias (search)
, ad loc., and the authors there referred to.) A more legitimate ground of satire was furnished by his impiety, which was open and excessive, and his very profligate life; and we learn from Lysias, the orator (apud Athen. l.c.), who himself attacked him in two orations,--now lost with the exception of the fragment here referred to,--that not a year passed in which he was not assailed on this score by the comic poets. He had his revenge however; for he succeeded in procuring (probably about B. C. 390) the abolition of the Choragia, as far as regarded comedy, which had indeed been declining ever since the Archonship of Callias in B. C. 406. In consequence of this Strattis attacked him in his play called "Cinesias." (Schol. ad Arist. Ran. 404; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. ii. p. 497; Böckh, Publ. Econ. of Athens, bk. iii. ch. 22; Clinton, sub annis 406, 388, 337.) From Lysias also (apud Athen. l.c.) we learn, that Cinesias abandoned prudently the practice of his art, and betook himself to the tr
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