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Pompo'nius 2. M. Pomponius, consular tribune, B. C. 399, perhaps either a son or grandson of the preceding. (Liv. 5.13.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Priscus, L. Ati'lius consular tribune B. C. 399 and 396, is spoken of under ATILIUS, No. 1. The surname of Priscus is only given to him in the Capitoline Fasti.
Procles 4. A descendant of Demaratus, king of Sparta, from whom, together with Eurysthenes, who was apparently his brother, he inherited the dominion of Eliserne and Teuthrania, in Asia Minor. He was among the Greeks who accompanied the younger Cyrus in his expedition against his brother, and is mentioned more than once by Xenophon (Xen. Anab. 2.1.3, 2.1, 7, 8, 10.). He returned safe home; for at the time of the expedition of Thimbron into Asia Minor (B. C. 399) he and Eurysthenes were still governing their little principality, and readily attached themselves to the Lacedaemonian commander. (Xen. Hell. 3.1.6.) [C.P.M]
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Rufus, M. Pompo'nius one of the consular tribunes B. C. 399. (Liv. 5.13; Fasti Capit.)
ced, principally by Xenophon himself, to accept the offers of the Thracian prince. By the assistance of these new auxiliaries, Seuthes obtained an easy victory over the mountain tribes, and recovered the whole of his father's dominions. But when it came to the question of paying the services of the Greeks, great disputes arose, and Seuthes, at the instigation of Heracleides, endeavoured by every subterfuge to elude his obligations. He was at length, however, compelled to pay the stipulated sum, and the Greeks thereupon crossed into Asia (Xen. Anab. 7.1.5, 2-7). Not long afterwards, B. C. 399, we find him sending an auxiliary force to the Spartan general, Dercyllidas, in Bithynia (Id. Hellen. 3.2.2). At a subsequent period (B. C. 393), he was engaged in hostilities with his former patron Amadocus; but the quarrel between them was terminated by the intervention of Thrasybulus; and Seuthes, at the suggestion of that general, concluded an alliance with Athens. (Ibid. 4.8.26; Diod. 14.94.)
r this reason he is sometimes called a comic poet, a denomination which has led Suidas (s. v.) and, after him, some modern writers, into the mistake of distinguishing two persons of the name, the one a comic poet, and the other the mimographer. The time at which Sophron flourished is loosely stated by Suidas as "the times of Xerxes and Euripides ;" but we have another evidence for his date in the statement that his son Xenarchus lived at the court of Dionysius I., during the Rhegian War (B. C. 399-387; see Clinton, F. H. s. a. 393). All that can be said, therefore, with any certainty, is that Sophron flourished during the middle, and perhaps the latter part of the fifth century B. C., perhaps about B. C. 460-420. rather more than half a century later than Epicharmus. Works Mimes When Sophron is called the inventor of mimes, the meaning is, as in the case of similar statements respecting the other branches of Dorian Comedy, that he reduced to the form of a literary composition a
rs, but the Writer has hitherto been unable to find any ancient author who says that Thessalus had a son named Gorgias. Hippocrates III. (Jo. Tzetzes, Chil. vii., Hist. 155, in Fabric. Bibl. Gr. vol. xii. p. 682, ed. vet.; Suid. s. v. *(Ippokpa/th ; Galen. Comment. in Hippocr. " De Humor." i. I. vol. xvi. p. 5), and Dracon II. (Suid. s. v. *Dpa/kwn) He lived in the fifth and fourth centuries B. C., and passed some of his time at the court of Archelaus, king of Macedonia, who reigned B. C. 413-399. (Galen, Comment. in Hippocr. " De Nat. Hom." i. prooem. vol. xv. p. 12.) He was one of the founders of the sect of the Dogmatici (Dict. of Ant. s. v. Dogmatici), and is several times highly praised by Galen, who calls him the most eminent of the sous of Hippocrates (Comment. in Hippocr. " Epid. III." ii. prooem. vol. xvii. pt. i. p. 579), and says that he did not alter any of his father's doctrines (Comment. in Hippocr. " De Nat. Hom." i. prooem. vol. xv. p. 12). It is supposed, however, tha
n, whom, from the likeness between the two, they mistook for Thrasydaeus. The democratic party were hereupon much disheartened, but the mistake was soon discovered, and Thrasydaeus, who, at the beginning of the outbreak, was sunk in sleep from the influence of wine, put himself at the head of the people, and completely conquered the oligarchs. Agis, however, when he retired from Elis, left a Lacedaemonian garrison in Epitalium, and the Eleans were so harassed by the ravages it committed, that Thrasydaeus, in the following year (B. C. 399), was compelled to sue to Sparta for peace, and to purchase it by absolute submission. (Xen. Hell. 3.2. §§ 27-30; Paus. 3.8.) We may perhaps identify with the subject of the present article the Thrasylaeus of Elis, who is mentioned as having been persuaded by his friend Lysias, the orator, to supply two talents to the Athenian patriots under Thrasybulus, in aid of their enterprise against the Thirty Tyrants, B. C. 403 (Pseudo-Plut. Vit. X. Orat. Lys
death and interment, is discussed by Krüger with a wearisome minuteness, and with uncertain results. As to the time of the death of Thucydides, he concludes that it could not be later than the end or about the middle of the 94th Olympiad, that is, in any event not later than B. C. 401. His own direct testimony (5.26) simply shows that he was living after the war was ended (B. C. 404). Dodwell argues that the third eruption of Aetna, which Thucydides (3.116) alludes to was tire eruption of B. C. 399 or the 95th Olympiad; but Thucydides means to say that the eruption, of which he does not fix the date, was prior to the two eruptions (B. C. 425 and 475) of which he does fix the dates. There is no doubt about the true interpretation of this passage. The time when he composed his work is another matter of critical inquiry. He was busy in collecting materials all through the war from the beginning to the end (1.22); but we do not know from his own evidence whether he wrote any portion of
Xenarchus (*Ce/narxos), literary. 1. A son of Sophron, and, like his father, a celebrated writer of mimes. He flourished during the Rhegian War (B. C. 399-389), at the court of Dionysius, who is said to have employed him to ridicule the Rhegians, as cowards, in his poems. (Phot. and Suid. s. v. *(Rhgi/nous.) His mimes are mentioned, with those of Sophron, by Aristotle (Poet. 2). They were in the Doric dialect. (Clinton, F. H. vol. ii. s. a. 393 ; SOPHRON
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