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79 BC (search for this): entry cicero-bio-7
ation on the tyranny of those by whom he was upheld, and succeeded in procuring the acquittal of his client. Soon after (B. C. 79) he again came indirectly into collision with Sulla; for having undertaken to defend the interests of a woman of Arretiutempered, he determined to quit Italy for a season, and to visit the great fountains of arts and eloquence. Accordingly (B. C. 79) he repaired in the first instance to Athens, where he remained for six months, diligently revising and extending his aces were excluded with the most scrupulous superstition, it was discovered that P. Clodius Pulcher, son of Appius (consul B. C. 79), had found his way into the mansion disguised in woman's apparel, and, having been detected, had made his escape by theh L. Lucullus the elder died and left his son under the guardianship of Cato. In the fifth book we are carried hack to B. C. 79 and transported from Italy to Athens, where Cicero was at that time prosecuting his studies. [See above, p. 709b.] The d
78 BC (search for this): entry cicero-bio-7
solved only by death. After quitting Athens he made a complete tour of Asia Minor, holding fellowship during the whole of his journey with the most illustrious orators and rhetoricians of the East,-- Menippus of Stratoniceia, Dionysius of Magnesia, Aeschylus of Cnidus, and Xenocles of Adramyttium, -- carefully treasuring up the advice which they bestowed and profiting by the examples which they afforded. Not satisfied even with this discipline and these advantages, he passed over to Rhodes (B. C. 78), where he became acquainted with Posidonius, and once more placed himself under the care of Molo, who took great pains to restrain and confine within proper limits the tendency to diffuse and redundant copiousness which he remarked in his disciple. At length, after an absence of two years, Cicero returned to Rome (B. C. 77), not only more deeply skilled in the theory of his art and improved by practice, but almost entirely changed. His general health was now firmly established, his lungs
81 BC (search for this): entry cicero-bio-7
siduity, and accordingly at the age of twenty-five Cicero came forward as a pleader. The first of his extant speeches, in a civil suit, is that for P. Quinctius (B. C. 81), in which, however, he refers to some previous efforts; the first delivered upon a criminal trial was that in defence of Sex. Roscius of Ameria, charged with paopinion has existed with regard to the real author. Regius propounded no less than three hypotheses, assigning it at one time to Q. Corniticius, who was quaestor B. C. 81, and an unsuccessful candidate for the consulship in B. C. 64; at another, to Virginius, a rhetorician contemporary with Nero; and lastly, to Timolaus, son of quefixed survive only in a few mutilated fragments; those with one asterisk are imperfect, but enough is left to convey a clear idea of the work. Pro P. Quinctio B. C. 81. [QUINCTIUS.] Pro Sex. Roscio Amerino B. C. 80. [Roscius.] Pro Muliere Arretina. Before his journey to Athens. (See above, p. 709, and pro Caecin. 33.) * P
80 BC (search for this): entry cicero-bio-7
ect in believing that the second consulship of Sulla is distinctly indicated (4.54, 68), the fact will be established, that these books were not published before B. C. 80. The materials for arriving at a correct judgment with regard to the merits of this controversy, will be found in the preface of the younger Burmann, to his ed those with one asterisk are imperfect, but enough is left to convey a clear idea of the work. Pro P. Quinctio B. C. 81. [QUINCTIUS.] Pro Sex. Roscio Amerino B. C. 80. [Roscius.] Pro Muliere Arretina. Before his journey to Athens. (See above, p. 709, and pro Caecin. 33.) * Pro Q. Roscio Comoedo B. C. 7G. [ROSCIUS.] Pro Aphonte. Probably not so much a close translation as an adaptation of the treatise of Xenophon to the wants and habits of the Romans. It was composed in the year B. C. 80, or in 79, and was divided into three books, the arguments of which have been preserved by Servius. The first detailed the duties of the mistress of a household
82 BC (search for this): entry cicero-bio-7
mounting in all to 44 hexameters, may be held as specimens. 4. * Alcyones. Capitolinus (Gordian. 3) mentions a poem under this name ascribed to Cicero, of which nearly two lines are quoted by Nonius. (s. v. Praevius.） 5. Uxorius. (See Capitolin. l.c.） 6. Nilus. (See Capitolin. l.c.） 7. * Limon. Four hexameter lines in praise of Terence from this poem, the general subject of which is unknown, are quoted by Suetonius. (Vit. Terent. 5.) 8. ** Marius. Written before the year B. C. 82. (De Leg. 1.1; Vell. 2.26.) A spirited fragment of thirteen hexameter lines, describing a prodigy witnessed by Marius and interpreted by him as an omen of success, is'quoted in de Divinatione (1.47), a single line in the de Legibus (1.1), and another by Isidorus. (Orig. 19.1.) 9. * De Rebus in Consulatu gestis. Cicero wrote a history of his own consulship, first in Greek prose, which he finished before the month of June, B. C. 60 (ad Att. 2.1), and soon afterwards a Latin poem on the sa<
84 BC (search for this): entry cicero-bio-7
ulis nobis ex commentariolis nostris inchoata ac rudia exciderunt, vix hac aetate digna et hoc usu quem ex causis, quas diximus, tot tantisque consecuti sumus (comp. 1.6), point unquestionably to the early youth of Cicero, but without enabling us to fix upon any particular year. They formed, very probably, a portion of the fruits of that study continued incessantly during the period of tranquillity which prevailed in the city while Sulla was engaged in prosecuting the Mithridatic war (B. C. 87-84), and bear the appearance of notes taken down from the lectures of some instructor, arranged, simplified, and expanded by reference to the original sources. The work is repeatedly quoted by Quintilian, sometimes under the title libri Rhetorici, sometimes as Libri Artis Rhetoricae, generally as Rhetorica (comp. Serv. ad Virg. Aen. 8.321, 9.481), and we might infer from a passage in Quintilian (2.14.5), that De Rhetorice was the appellation selected by the author; at all events, the addition De
71 BC (search for this): entry cicero-bio-7
ecin. 33.) * Pro Q. Roscio Comoedo B. C. 7G. [ROSCIUS.] Pro Adolescentibus Siculis B. C. 75. (See Plut. Cic. 6.) ** Quum Quaestor Lilybaeo decederet B. C. 74. Pro Scamandro B. C. 74. (See pro Cluent. 17.) [CLUENTIUS.] ** Pro L. Vareno B. C. 71, probably. [VARENUS.] * Pro M. Tullio B. C. 71. [M. TULLIUS.] Pro C. Mustio. Before B. C. 70. (See Ver. Act. 2.53. Never published, according to Pseud-Ascon. in 53.) In Q. Caecilium B. C. 70. [VERRES.] In Verrem Actio prima 5th August, BB. C. 71. [M. TULLIUS.] Pro C. Mustio. Before B. C. 70. (See Ver. Act. 2.53. Never published, according to Pseud-Ascon. in 53.) In Q. Caecilium B. C. 70. [VERRES.] In Verrem Actio prima 5th August, B. C. 70. [VERRES.] In Verrem Actio secunda. Not delivered. [VERRES.] * Pro M. Fonteio B. C. 69. [FONTEIUS.] Pro A. Caecina B. C. 69, probably. [CAECINA.] ** Pro P. Oppio B. C. 67. [OPPIUS.] Pro Lege Manilia B. C. 66. [MANILIUS.] ** Pro C. Fundanio B. C. 66. [FUNDANIUS.] Pro A. Cluentio Avito B. C. 66. [CLUENTIUS.] ** Pro C. Manilio B. C. 65. [MANILIUS.] Pro L. Corvino, B. C. 65. (See Q. Cic. de petit cons. 5.) ** Pro C. Cornelio. Two orations B. C. 65. [CORNELIUS.] Pro C. C
70 BC (search for this): entry cicero-bio-7
uppression of the servile war of Spartacus. They, however, discharged harmoniously the duties of their joint consulship (B. C. 70), and seem to have felt that it was necessary for their interests to control the high aristocratical faction, for by theS.] ** Pro L. Vareno B. C. 71, probably. [VARENUS.] * Pro M. Tullio B. C. 71. [M. TULLIUS.] Pro C. Mustio. Before B. C. 70. (See Ver. Act. 2.53. Never published, according to Pseud-Ascon. in 53.) In Q. Caecilium B. C. 70. [VERRES.] In VerrB. C. 70. [VERRES.] In Verrem Actio prima 5th August, B. C. 70. [VERRES.] In Verrem Actio secunda. Not delivered. [VERRES.] * Pro M. Fonteio B. C. 69. [FONTEIUS.] Pro A. Caecina B. C. 69, probably. [CAECINA.] ** Pro P. Oppio B. C. 67. [OPPIUS.] Pro Lege Manilia B. C.B. C. 70. [VERRES.] In Verrem Actio secunda. Not delivered. [VERRES.] * Pro M. Fonteio B. C. 69. [FONTEIUS.] Pro A. Caecina B. C. 69, probably. [CAECINA.] ** Pro P. Oppio B. C. 67. [OPPIUS.] Pro Lege Manilia B. C. 66. [MANILIUS.] ** Pro C. Fundanio B. C. 66. [FUNDANIUS.] Pro A. Cluentio Avito B. C. 66. [CLUENTIUS.] ** Pro C. Manilio B. C. 65. [MANILIUS.] Pro L. Corvino, B. C. 65. (See Q. Cic. de petit cons. 5.) ** Pro C. Cornelio. Two orations B. C.
75 BC (search for this): entry cicero-bio-7
The lot decided that he should serve in Sicily under Sex. Peducaeus, praetor of Lilybaeum. During his tenure of office (B. C. 75) he executed with great skill the difficult and delicate task of procuring large additional supplies of corn for the reloon to decide the contest. He was accompanied to his retirement by two youths of high promise, C. Ameilius Cotta (consul B. C. 75) and P. Sulpicius Rufus, and there joined by his father-in-law and former colleague in the consulship (B. C. 95), Q. Muce presence of Cicero, somewhere about the year B. C. 76, at the house of C. Aurelius Cotta, the pontifex maximus (consul B. C. 75), who well sustains the part of a New Academician, attacking and overthrowing the doctrines of others without advancing ns. (See above, p. 709, and pro Caecin. 33.) * Pro Q. Roscio Comoedo B. C. 7G. [ROSCIUS.] Pro Adolescentibus Siculis B. C. 75. (See Plut. Cic. 6.) ** Quum Quaestor Lilybaeo decederet B. C. 74. Pro Scamandro B. C. 74. (See pro Cluent. 17.) [CL
74 BC (search for this): entry cicero-bio-7
ching his performances ready to condemn or to applaud. Full of the consciousness of this celebrity he landed at Puteoli (B. C. 74), and intense was his mortification when he discovered that even his own acquaintances among the luxurious crowd who thrll hours, however inconvenient or unseasonable. For upwards of four years after his return to Rome in the beginning of B. C. 74, the life of Cicero presents an entire blank. That he was actively engaged in the courts of law is certain, for he himsedo B. C. 7G. [ROSCIUS.] Pro Adolescentibus Siculis B. C. 75. (See Plut. Cic. 6.) ** Quum Quaestor Lilybaeo decederet B. C. 74. Pro Scamandro B. C. 74. (See pro Cluent. 17.) [CLUENTIUS.] ** Pro L. Vareno B. C. 71, probably. [VARENUS.] * ProB. C. 74. (See pro Cluent. 17.) [CLUENTIUS.] ** Pro L. Vareno B. C. 71, probably. [VARENUS.] * Pro M. Tullio B. C. 71. [M. TULLIUS.] Pro C. Mustio. Before B. C. 70. (See Ver. Act. 2.53. Never published, according to Pseud-Ascon. in 53.) In Q. Caecilium B. C. 70. [VERRES.] In Verrem Actio prima 5th August, B. C. 70. [VERRES.] In Verrem Act
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