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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith) 26 26 Browse Search
M. Tullius Cicero, De Officiis: index (ed. Walter Miller) 3 3 Browse Search
J. B. Greenough, G. L. Kittredge, Select Orations of Cicero , Allen and Greenough's Edition. 2 2 Browse Search
Pliny the Elder, The Natural History (ed. John Bostock, M.D., F.R.S., H.T. Riley, Esq., B.A.) 1 1 Browse Search
J. B. Greenough, Benjamin L. D'Ooge, M. Grant Daniell, Commentary on Caesar's Gallic War 1 1 Browse Search
J. B. Greenough, G. L. Kittredge, Select Orations of Cicero , Allen and Greenough's Edition. 1 1 Browse Search
J. B. Greenough, G. L. Kittredge, Select Orations of Cicero , Allen and Greenough's Edition. 1 1 Browse Search
Samuel Ball Platner, Thomas Ashby, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome 1 1 Browse Search
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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
B. C. 104, after putting to death one of his brothers, who laid claim to the crown. He took advantage of the unquiet state of Syria to attack the cities of Ptolemais (Acre), Dora, and Gaza, which, with several others, had made themselves independent. The people of Ptolemais applied for aid to Ptolemy Lathyrus, then king of Cyprus, who came with an army of thirty thousand men. Alexander was defeated on the banks of the Jordan, and Ptolemy ravaged the country in the most barbarous manner. In B. C. 102, Cleopatra came to the assistance of Alexander with a fleet and army, and Ptolemy was compelled to return to Cyprus. (B. C. 101.) Soon afterwards Alexander invaded Coele Syria, and renewed his attacks upon the independent cities. In B. C. 96 he took Gaza, destroyed the city, and massacred all the inhabitants. The result of these undertakings, and his having attached himself to the party of the Sadducees, drew upon him the hatred of the Pharisees, who were by far the more numerous party. He
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Anti'pater of SIDON (search)
Anti'pater of SIDON （*)Anti/patros), of SIDON, the author of several epigrams in the Greek Anthology, appears, from a passage of Cicero (Cic. de Orat. 3.50), to have been contemporary with Q. Catullus (consul B. C. 102), and with Crassus (quaestor in Macedonia B. C. 106). The many minute references made to him by Meleager, who also wrote his epitaph, would seem to shew that Antipater was an elder contemporary of this poet, who is known to have flourished in the 170th Olympiad. From these circumstances he may be placed at B. C. 108-100. He lived to a great age. Further Information Plin. Nat. 7.52 ; Cic. de Fat. 3; V. Max. 1.8.16, ext.; Jacobs, Anthol. xiii. p. 847.[P.
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
erses of Archias had been employed in celebrating the part which that orator played in the conspiracy of Catiline. He was on intimate terms with many of the first families in Rome, particularly with the Licinii, whose name he adopted. His reception during a journey through Asia Minor and Greece (pro Arch. 100.3), and afterwards in Grecian Italy, where Tarentum, Rhegium, Naples, and Locri enrolled him on their registers, shews that his reputation was, at least at that time, considerable. In B. C. 102 he came to Rome, still young (though not so young as the expression "praetextatus" (100.3) literally explained would lead us to suppose; comp. Clinton, F. H. iii. p. 542), and was received in the most friendly way by Lucullus (ad Att. 1.16. 9), Marius, then consul, Hortensius the father, Metellus Pius, Q. Catulus, and Cicero. After a short stay, he accompanied Lucullus to Sicily, and followed him, in the banishment to which he was sentenced for his management of the slave war in that islan
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
on to the world under the title of Lucubrationes. Confusion with Aulus Furius Antias We must carefully avoid confounding Furius Bibaculus with the Furius who was imitated in several passages of the Aeneid, and from whose Annals, extending to eleven books at least, we find some extracts in the Saturnalia. (Macrob. Saturn. 6.1; Compare Merula, ad Enn. Ann. p. xli.) The latter was named in full Aulus Furius Antias. and to him L. Lutatius Catulus, colleague of M. Marius in the consulship of B. C. 102, addressed an account of the campaign against the Cimbri. (Cic. Brut. 100.35.) To this Furius Antias are attributed certain lines found in Aulus Gellius (18.11), and brought under review on account of the affected neoterisms with which they abound. Had we any fair pretext for calling in question the authority of the summaries prefixed to the chapters of the Noctes Atticae, we should feel strongly disposed to follow G. J. Voss, Lambinus, and Heindorf, in assigning these follies to the amb
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Ca'tulus (search)
Ca'tulus 3. Q. Lutatius Catulus, Q. F., consul B. C. 102 with C. Marius IV., having been previously defeated in three successive attempts, first by C. Atilius Serranus, who was consul in 106, secondly by Cn. Manlius (or Mallius, or Manilius), who was consul in B. C. 105, and thirdly by C. Flavius Fimbria, who was consul in B. C. 104. He either was not a candidate for the consulship of 103, or if unsuccessful, his disappointment is not alluded to by Cicero in the passage where the rest of his repulses are enumerated. (Pro Planc. 5.) At the time when Catulus entered upon office, the utmost consternation reigned at Rome. The Cimbri, who in their great migration westward had been joined by the Teutoni, the Ambrones, the Tigurini, and various other tribes, after sweeping the upper valley of the Danube and spreading over Southern Gaul and Northern Spain, after defeating four Roman consuls, Carbo (113), Silanus (109), Cassius (107), Manlius (105), together with the proconsul Caepio (105),
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Ci'cero (search)
e to Rome, where he conducted their elementary education according to the advice of L. Crassus, who pointed out both the subjects to which their attention ought chiefly to be devoted, and also the teachers by whom the information sought might be best imparted. These instructors were, with the exception perhaps of Q. Aelius, the grammarian (Brut. 56), all Greeks, and among the number was the renowned Archias of Antioch, who had been living at Rome under the protection of Lucullus ever since B. C. 102, and seems to have communicated a temporary enthusiasm for his own pursuits to his pupil, most of whose poetical attempts belong to his early youth. In his sixteenth year (B. C. 91) Cicero received the manly gown, and entered the forum, where he listened with the greatest avidity to the speakers at the bar and from the rostra, dedicating however a large portion of his time to reading, writing, and oratorical exercises. At this period he was committed by his father to the care of the venera
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Ci'cero (search)
Ci'cero 6. Q. Tullius Cicero, son of No. 2, was born about B. C. 102, and was educated along with his elder brother, the orator, whom he accompanied to Athens in B. C. 79. (De Fin. 5.1.) In B. C. 67 he was elected aedile, and held the office of praetor in B. C. 62. After his period of service in the city had expired, he succeeded L. Flaccus as governor of Asia, where he remained for upwards of three years, and during his administration gave great offence to many, both of the Greeks and of his own countrymen, by his violent temper, unguarded language, and the corruption of his favourite freedman, Statius. The murmurs arising from these excesses called forth from Marcus that celebrated letter (ad Q. Fr. 1.2), in which, after warning him of his faults and of the unfavourable impression which they had produced, he proceeds to detail the qualifications, duties, and conduct of a perfect provincial ruler. Quintus returned home in B. C. 58, soon after his brother had gone into exile, and on
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Grati'dius (search)
ed his sentiments and his courage. (Cic. de Leg. 2.16.) According to Cicero (Cic. Brut. 45), Gratidius was a clever accuser, well versed in Greek literature, and a person with great natural talent as an orator; he was further a friend of the orator M. Antonius, and accompanied him as his praefect to Cilicia, where he was killed. In the last-mentioned passage Cicero adds, that Gratidius spoke against C. Fimbria, who had been accused of extortion. (V. Max. 8.5.2.) This accusation seems to refer to the administration of a province, which Fimbria undertook in B. C. 103 (for he was consul in B. C. 104), so that the accusation would belong to B. C. 102, and more particularly to the beginning of that year, for in the course of it M. Antonius undertook the command against the pirates, and M. Gratidius, who accompanied him, was killed. (Comp. J. Obsequens, Prodig. 104; Drumann, Gesch. Roms, vol. i. p. 61, who, however, places the campaign of M. Antonius against the pirates one year too early.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Marcellus Clau'dius 16. M. Claudius Marcellus, called by Cicero, for distinction's sake, the father of Aeserninus. (Brut. 36.) We have no account of his connection with the main branch of the Marcelli, the family of the conqueror of Syracuse: the pedigree, as made out by Drumann, though not in itself improbable, is wholly without authority. He is first mentioned as serving under Marius in Gaul in B. C. 102, when he bore an important part in the defeat of the Teutones near Aquae Sextiae. (Plut. Marc. 20, 21.) In B. C. 90 his name occurs as one of the lieutenants of L. Julius Caesar in the Marsic war: and it appears that after the defeat of the consul by Vettius Cato, Marcellus threw himself, with a body of troops, into the strong fortress of Aesernia in Samnium, where he held out for a considerable time, but was at length compelled to surrender for want of provisions. (Appian, App. BC 1.40, 41; Liv. Epit. lxxiii.) It is doubtless from some circumstance connected with this siege that h
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Ma'rius (search)
ected consul a third time for the year B. C. 103; but since they did not make their appearance even during the latter year, the Romans began to recover a little from their panic, and several candidates of distinction offered themselves for the consulship. Under these circumstances Marius repaired to Rome, where he gained over L. Saturninus, the most popular of the tribunes, who persuaded the people to confer the consulship upon Marius again, who was accordingly elected for the fourth time (B. C. 102), although, to save appearaces, he pretended to be anxious to be released from the honour. And fortunate was it for Rome that the supreme command was still entrusted to him; for in this very year the long-expected barbarians at length arrived. The Cimbri, who had returned from Spain, united their forces with the Teutones, though where the latter people had been meantime is quite uncertain. It is, moreover, exceedingly difficult to make out clearly the movements of the different armies, sin
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