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Savannah River (United States) (search for this): chapter 3.17
y and western counties of Virginia I had the honor to command. General R. E. Lee kindly urged my application in person, and procured an order directing me to report to Brigadier-General J. H. Winder, then Commissary of Prisoners, whose headquarters were at Columbia, South Carolina. I left my camp in the Shenandoah Valley late in December, 1864, and reached Columbia, I think, on the 6th of January, 1865. General Winder immediately ordered me to the command of all the prisons west of the Savannah river, with leave to establish my temporary headquarters at Aiken, South Carolina, on account of the salubrity of its climate. I cannot fix dates after this with absolute precision, because all my official papers fell into the hands of the United States military authorities after the surrender of General Joseph E. Johnston to General Sherman; but for all essential purposes my memory enables me to detail events in consecutive order, and approximately to assign each to its proper date. A few
United States (United States) (search for this): chapter 3.17
proper to state how I came to be connected with the prison service of the Confederate States. An almost fatal attack of typhoid fever, in the summer and fall of 1864solute precision, because all my official papers fell into the hands of the United States military authorities after the surrender of General Joseph E. Johnston to Gmitted to testify on his trial after I was summoned before the court by the United States, and have substantiated them by the records of the prison and of my own heathe prisoners without some official acknowledgment of their delivery to the United States, and knowing that two or three weeks must elapse before General Grant's wilthan an enemy. It has been charged that Mr. Davis, as President of the Confederate States, was responsible for the sufferings of prisoners held in the South. Durirest to the statement, but nothing, I think, to the leading fact — that the United States refused an unconditional delivery of so many of its own men, inmates of tha
Tennessee (Tennessee, United States) (search for this): chapter 3.17
8,000 or 9,000--the great majority, about 7,500, being at Andersonville. Before I received Colonel Bondurant's report, General Winder died, when, having no superior in command, I reported directly to the Secretary of War at Richmond. Communication with the War Office was at that period very slow and difficult. Great military operations were in progress. General Sherman was moving through the Carolinas. The Federal cavalry under Kilpatrick with Sherman, and Stoneman co-operating from Tennessee, almost suspended mail facilities between Georgia and Virginia, and the telegraph was almost impracticable, because the line was taxed almost to its capacity in connection with active military operations. After the death of General Winder, I made repeated efforts to establish communication with the Secretary of War, and with Commissioner Ould, and obtain some instructions in regard to the prisons and prisoners under my charge. All these efforts failed, at least I received no reply by wir
Hilton Head (South Carolina, United States) (search for this): chapter 3.17
eir way to their friends at Saint Augustine. This was accomplished in. a few days, the post at Andersonville was broken up, the Georgia State troops were sent to General Cobb at Macon, and in a short time the surrender of General Johnston to Sherman, embracing all that section of country, the Confederate prisons ceased to exist, and on the 3d of May, 1865, I was myself a prisoner of war on parole at Augusta, Georgia. A few days later I was sent with other paroled Confederates to Hilton Head, South Carolina, where I met about 2,000 of the Andersonville prisoners, who had been sent up from Saint Augustine, to be thence shipped North. Their condition was much improved. Many of them were glad to see me, and four days later I embarked with several hundred of them on the steam transport Thetis for Fortress Monroe and have reason to believe that every man of them felt himself my friend rather than an enemy. It has been charged that Mr. Davis, as President of the Confederate States, wa
Savannah (Georgia, United States) (search for this): chapter 3.17
1,500 men, made up from the two prisons, was sent to Jackson, Mississippi, by rail and delivered to their friends. General Dick Taylor at that time commanded the department through which these prisoners were sent to Jackson, and objected to any more being sent that way, on the ground that they would pick up information on the route detrimental to our military interests. The only remaining available outlet was at Saint Augustine, Florida, Sherman having destroyed railway communication with Savannah. Finding that the prisoners could be sent from Andersonville by rail to the Chattahoochie, thence down that river to Florida, near Quincy, and from Quincy by rail to Jacksonville, within a day's march of Saint Augustine, it was resolved to open communication with the Federal commander at the latter place. With that view, somewhere about the middle of March, Captain Rutherford, an intelligent and energetic officer, was sent to Saint Augustine. A few days after his departure for Florida, h
Virginia (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 3.17
e of performing efficiently the arduous duties of my position as a cavalry officer on active service in the mountains of Virginia, and therefore I applied to the Confederate War Office for assignment to some light duty farther south till the milder wg would enable me to take my place at the head of the brave and hardy mountaineers of the Valley and western counties of Virginia I had the honor to command. General R. E. Lee kindly urged my application in person, and procured an order directing me Kilpatrick with Sherman, and Stoneman co-operating from Tennessee, almost suspended mail facilities between Georgia and Virginia, and the telegraph was almost impracticable, because the line was taxed almost to its capacity in connection with active and sometimes a very few potatoes, but they were rarely to be had. Other vegetables we had none. General Lee's army in Virginia lived but little if any better. The food was sound and wholesome, but meagre in quantity, and not such in kind and vari
St. Augustine (Florida, United States) (search for this): chapter 3.17
ests. The only remaining available outlet was at Saint Augustine, Florida, Sherman having destroyed railway communication wuincy by rail to Jacksonville, within a day's march of Saint Augustine, it was resolved to open communication with the Federaord, an intelligent and energetic officer, was sent to Saint Augustine. A few days after his departure for Florida, he teleg back from Jacksonville that the Federal commandant at Saint Augustine refused to receive and receipt for the prisoners till g. Before any further communication reached me from Saint Augustine, General Wilson, with a large body of cavalry, approacose, to make the best of their way to their friends at Saint Augustine. This was accomplished in. a few days, the post at Anthe Andersonville prisoners, who had been sent up from Saint Augustine, to be thence shipped North. Their condition was muchs carried so far as to induce a commanding officer, at Saint Augustine, to refuse even to receive, and acknowledge that he ha
Andersonville, Ga. (Georgia, United States) (search for this): chapter 3.17
ved to keep up but two prisons, the one at Andersonville and the other at Eufaula. I did this for -the great majority, about 7,500, being at Andersonville. Before I received Colonel Bondurant's ore I could reach a railroad to take me to Andersonville. I made the journey, however, in Februarymished comrades. Shortly before I went to Andersonville six of these villains were detected, and bleather. There were thousands of hides at Andersonville, from the young cattle butchered during thff all the prisoners we had at Eufaula and Andersonville to the nearest accessible Federal post, anms with us. The old routine was resumed at Andersonville, but it was not destined to continue long.evident that his first objective point was Andersonville. Again conferring with Generals Cobb and ere powerless to prevent Wilson's reaching Andersonville, where he would release the prisoners and ny of its own men, inmates of that prison (Andersonville), which they professed then to regard as a[9 more...]
Jackson (Mississippi, United States) (search for this): chapter 3.17
ns from Richmond, to make arrangements to send off all the prisoners we had at Eufaula and Andersonville to the nearest accessible Federal post, and having paroled them not to bear arms till regularly exchanged, to deliver them unconditionally, simply taking a receipt on descriptive rolls of the men thus turned over. In pursuance of this determination, and as soon as the necessary arrangements could be made, a detachment of about 1,500 men, made up from the two prisons, was sent to Jackson, Mississippi, by rail and delivered to their friends. General Dick Taylor at that time commanded the department through which these prisoners were sent to Jackson, and objected to any more being sent that way, on the ground that they would pick up information on the route detrimental to our military interests. The only remaining available outlet was at Saint Augustine, Florida, Sherman having destroyed railway communication with Savannah. Finding that the prisoners could be sent from Andersonvi
Petersburg, Va. (Virginia, United States) (search for this): chapter 3.17
ve all but twelve or fifteen reported themselves able to go, and did go. The number sent was over 6,000. Only enough officers and men of the guard went along to keep the prisoners together, preserve order, and facilitate their transportation. To my amazement the officer commanding the escort telegraphed back from Jacksonville that the Federal commandant at Saint Augustine refused to receive and receipt for the prisoners till he could hear from General Grant, who was then in front of Petersburg, Virginia, and with whom he could only communicate by sea along the coast, and asking my instructions under the circumstances. Acting without the known sanction of the Government at Richmond, I was afraid to let go the prisoners without some official acknowledgment of their delivery to the United States, and knowing that two or three weeks must elapse before General Grant's will in the premises could be made known, and it being impossible to subsist our men and the prisoners at Jacksonville, I
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